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Make it!
This document provides instructions for making crafts from recycled materials. It discusses making pots and containers from scraps of paper, including newspaper, magazines, envelopes and tissue paper. Paste is provided as a recipe to adhere the paper scraps. Additional crafts mentioned include junk mail mâché, weaving with paper, and paper airplanes. The document encourages reducing waste and provides tips for recycling different materials.
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Make it!
- 2. make it! JaneBull
- 3. Don’t throw itaway – Don’t throw it away — create something amazing!
- 4. LONDON, NEW YORK,MUNICH, MELBOURNE, AND DELHI For Stephen DESIGN • Jane Bull EDITOR • Penelope Arlon PHOTOGRAPHY • Andy Crawford DESIGNER • Gemma Fletcher PUBLISHING MANAGER • Sue Leonard ART DIRECTOR • Rachael Foster PRODUCTION EDITOR • Sean Daly First published in the United States in 2008 by DK Publishing 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 08 09 10 11 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ND117 - 03/08 Copyright © 2008 Dorling Kindersley Limited Copyright © 2008 Jane Bull All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. Are you ready to A CIP record for this book recycle? is available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-0-7566-3837-5 Color reproduction by MDP, UK Printed and bound by Mohn Media, Germany SA-COC-1592 discover more at www.dk.com
- 5. Make it! Here’swhat’s in the book... From trash to treasure 6-7 Plastic party 36-37 The 3 “Rs” to recycling 8-9 Plastic wrappers 38-39 PAPER 10-27 METAL 40-49 Magic folds 12-13 Mysterious metal 42-43 Scrap paper pots 14-15 Metal mix-up 44-45 How to make scrap pots 16-17 Mirror mobiles 46-47 Junk mail mâché 18-19 Metal models 48-49 How to make mâché 20-21 FABRIC 50-63 Junk mail jewels 22-23 Making friends 52-53 Paper weaving 24-25 Hold onto your hats! 54-55 Paper portraits 26-27 Rag mats 56-57 PLASTIC 28-39 Pocket purses 58-59 Rainbow frame 30-31 How to make a glam bag 60-61 Bottle bank 32-33 Comfy cushions 62-63 Bottle top art 34-35 Index 63
- 6. From Trash... Looking for materials? These come FREE to you every day—so don’t dump valuable stuff. Use it to make something new—RECYCLE IT, and help the planet, too! Throw away? NO WAY! Did you know? Don’t throw me Most of our away. I’m plastic garbage gets so I’ll last a buried in the lifetime! ground... STARVE Don’t fork out for new materials—you ...or burned. YOUR get me for FREE! USE ME AGAIN and GARBAGE again and again... CAN All this stuff Recycle! costs money to If all this make and costs the Earth, too. trash gets buried, it really will be “buried It’s crazy! treasure.” Don’t bury garbage. It doesn’t go away! 6
- 7. ...to TREASURE Make something NEW So DON’T TRASH it—treasure it! 7
- 8. Recycle The 3 “Rs” to recycling It’s not all garbage—about half the stuff we throw in the trash can be recycled. Remember the three “Rs” and help to keep garbage out of landfill sites and incinerators. Why should you do the 3 “Rs”? Watch how much garbage your family throws out each week—it Reduce Means finding ways to cut down on will surprise you. All that garbage garbage. Don’t accept plastic bags has to go somewhere and that from stores—take your own bag. somewhere is an incinerator where it is burned, or a landfill site where it is buried. A lot of what we put in landfill sites, such as plastic, will remain there for hundreds of Close the years. There is a famous landfill in circle Reuse New York City called Fresh Kills Try to buy more that is now so big, it has become products made the largest man-made structure from recycled Recycle in the world. Means finding material to help to ways to use close the circle. things again and What if you don’t? Means taking again and again If we continue to throw away as something old without throwing much garbage as we do now, landfill and turning it into them away. sites will get bigger and bigger, and something new. burning garbage causes air pollution and toxic ashes. We all need clean air and water to survive, and if we don’t reduce, reuse, and recycle, we will damage our world. Help our planet be a healthy place to live, not just for people, but for animals and plants ! Askout, you may need some Watch an ADULT as well. help along the way in this book. YOU can help • Buy items with little or no • Use both sides of a sheet packaging. This will reduce of paper before recycling it. your garbage. Here are ideas • Get the family involved— for things you • Refill your water bottles recycling only works if can do to help. and keep reusing them. everyone joins in. • Buy, sell, or donate your • Find out about recycling things. Don’t throw them in your area, then use your away—help a charity. local recycling center.
- 9. Sort Paper your Newspapers Wrapping paper stuff Magazines Envelopes Comics Cardboard boxes In this book the Cartons materials are divided Plastic into four sections— paper, plastic, metal, and fabric. Drink bottles Straws Know your stuff Bottle tops Carrier bags To help you understand Toys why it’s important to recycle materials, it helps to know some facts about them. Look for the “Know your stuff” circles that appear in this book. Metal Foil wrap KNOW Foil food trays YOUR STUFF Food cans Facts about a Paper clips material. They Safety pins appear throughout Soft-drink cans the book. Paper fasteners Wire Start recycling • Use different containers for each material. Fabric • Some packaging is T-shirts made of more than one Cotton skirts material, so make sure Denim jeans Woolen socks and gloves you separate materials Nylon tights before you recycle. Ribbon • Before you toss anything, make sure you can’t reuse it first.
- 10. Try recycling your paper to make these scrap pots. Paper—the best invention in the world! We paint on it, we read and write on it, we can fold it into shapes, we can wrap presents in it, and much, much more. 10
- 11. Paper Imagine our world What is without paper—that paper made would mean no letters, from? Most of the paper we use is no cardboard packaging, made from trees. Billions of no newspapers, no wrapping pine trees are cut down every year to make paper, and no toilet paper! our paper. When was paper invented? Paper has been around for thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians made it How is from the papyrus plant. paper made? That’s where we got the word paper. The trees are chopped up into little pieces called chips. They are then made into a mushy pulp and a lot of chemicals and water are added. The pulp Paper is then rolled flat into paper. gets thrown away more than any other material. Think about how many newspapers are made every day that end up as trash. Paper uses Recycled We use paper all the time. paper Count how many times you come Recycled paper contains fewer across paper in one day. You’ll be Look for chemicals and bleaches than brand-new surprised by how much there is out the symbol paper, and it saves trees, too. A piece of there. Now imagine how many trees Try to buy recycled paper can’t be recycled forever, have been cut down to make it. paper—look for this however, because the fibers will symbol; you’ll find it start to break down. High-grade on anything from cartons paper can be remade into newspapers and stationery to and magazines and these can go toilet-paper rolls. on to become egg cartons. 11
- 12. Paper Magic folds How can you turn a flat, flimsy piece of paper into a strong box? Can you make paper fly? Try your hand at some paper-folding magic. Try different paper sizes for big or Try out small boxes. newspaper, comics, and colored paper. This paper is amazing stuff. KNOW YOUR STUFF Newspaper can be recycled up to seven times—so don’t toss it! 12
- 13. Perform some PAPERmagic Watch paper fly! Fold and hold—just a few folds and tucks and a flat Paper plane—a few simple piece of paper becomes a sturdy box. That’s paper magic! folds and it flies! Fold a Take a rectangle rectangle of of paper paper and in half, fold it in and half half. again four times, to make 16 squares. Pinch each Then corner from unfold it. top to bottom to help form the shape Turn down of the box. one corner, as shown. Bring the top and bottom flaps Fold the into the same center. Cut a thick corner strip of down paper for again. Fold a handle. each Now fold corner the top down part down two-thirds to make to the a wing. center. Now make the other wing Fold up Staple the the two handle to flaps so the each side. corners are Try using patterned paper or tucked in. paint a piece yourself. Repeat the folds on the other half of the paper. Hold the center of the two sides and pull them apart. Open out the wings turn the plane over, and whizz it across the room! 13
- 14. Paper Pumpkin pot Scrap paper pots Paper is everywhere. Just think about how much is thrown away each day. Why Look for scraps of the same not turn your scraps into color for a solid look. funky paper pots. Tree frog pot Magazine scraps make colorful pots. The frog pot is made of lots of pictures of trees from magazines. KNOW YOUR STUFF Recycled magazines and comics can be molded into paper products like egg cartons. 14
- 15. The insides of envelopes makeup this scrap pot. Envelope pot Candy wrappers give this pot a shiny look. Tissue pot Candy pot Comic Torn tissue paper pot gives a great ragged effect. Tear up favorite comic strips for a cartoon pot. 15
- 16. Paper Make a newspaper pot Homemade paste Use your homemade paste. You will also need This simple homemade paste works petroleum jelly, a plastic bowl, and lots of old torn-up really well with your paper projects, newspaper. For your pot and lid, make two bowls and the good news is it’s completely which you can decorate when they are dry. eco-friendly. Your projects can be recycled afterward because the ingredients are natural. This paste works best when it’s Grease a bowl with Petroleum Tear up lots and lots of petroleum jelly to jelly newspaper strips, about fresh so make a new batch for each project. stop the paper from 1 x 2 in (2 x 4 cm). You will need: sticking to it. + 1. 2. 1 cup 3 cups flour water ! to help heat up the saucepan. Ask an ADULT Put one cup of 1. water and one Place a layer of paper directly onto Brush on a cup of flour into the greased bowl. layer of paste. a saucepan. 3. 4. Stir with a wooden spoon until the mixture is smooth. 2. Add the rest of the water Add another Keep adding the paste and paper and bring the layer of paper. until you have about six layers. mixture to the boil, stirring Keep stirring! all the time. Then turn off 5. 6. the heat. 3. ! Pour into a bowl and allow to cool. Homemade paste NOW IT’S READY TO Leave the bowl to Remove the bowl and USE! dry out completely. trim off the rough edge.
- 17. Decorate your scrappots When your two bowls are dry, start decorating. One bowl will be the base and the other will be the lid. Use the homemade Paste the paste to stick on any outside and inside. colorful strips of paper. Experiment with different types of paper. Tear up pieces of colored paper and cover your pot with them. Tear out circles to make a frog face. Paste them ! Ask anyou make to help ADULT in place. a slit in the lid. Make a handle To add a handle, ask an adult to make a slit in the lid. Cut out a strip of thick Make a paper, about 3 x 1 in tissue bowl (7 x 2 cm), and fold it in Make a tissue bowl the same the middle. Push it through way as the newspaper bowl— the lid and tape it in place just use tissue paper instead. on the inside. Leave to dry completely before removing the bowl. Tear up pieces of Grease Add a layer of tissue paper, then using 17 tissue paper. the bowl. the paste, build up about 10–12 layers.
- 18. Paper Envelopes Junk mail Fliers mâché Brown paper Paper is delivered to your door every day—for free! Don’t just chuck it, save it up and make some junk mail mâché. Gift wrap Advertisements Free Magazines Magazines Little bits of junk mail KNOW YOUR STUFF If you don’t use your junk mail, make sure you recycle it. 18
- 19. Envelopes Think before you throw away envelopes. Greeting cards come in all kinds of colored ones. Junk mail Sort through Paper your junk mail boy and keep the bright pieces. Remember to recycle the rest! Pots as = presents Color pots Sort your scraps into colors and you can make single color pots. 19
- 20. Paper How to make junk mail mâché Tearing and mulching The great thing about junk mail mâché is that it gets really messy! So roll up your sleeves and dive in. Start by tearing lots of paper into tiny pieces. You can sort them into colors or mix them up. 1. 2. Fill a plastic bowl with your paper pieces. ! Ask an ADULT Make sure the hot Pour in hot water. to help with the hot water. water covers the paper. 3. 4. Leave the paper for three hours. Then drain away the water through a strainer. Spoon some eco paste (see page 16) into your mixture, then mix it with your 20 Squeeze the paper as dry as you can. hands until it’s a gluey mulch. Tear up the paper some more as you work.
- 21. How to makemâché bowls Now it’s time to spread the mulch around a plastic bowl. Do it bit by bit instead of putting the whole bunch in at once. Rub some petroleum jelly all over the inside of a plastic bowl. This will stop the mulch from sticking. 1. 2. Press your mulch hard to the inside of the bowl. 3. Don’t worry if you leave holes here and there; this adds to the character! 4. Leave it to dry overnight or until it is really hard and dry. Use a knife to loosen carefully around the edge of the bowl. 5. Lift it out and fill it up with goodies! 21
- 22. Paper Junk mail jewels Your junk mail mâché can also Cookie be made into fantastic jewels. cutters Cookie-cutter shapes Place a cookie cutter on a piece of plastic to keep it from sticking. Take a small amount of damp mâché and press it into the cutter. Push the shape out onto a sheet of paper towel. Then make a hole for some string, and leave to dry. Press the mâché firmly inside the cookie shape. Make the hole with a toothpick. Push out Paper onto the towel paper. Piece of plastic 22
- 23. Thread the beads or the cookie- cutter shapes onto a piece of string. 1. Paper jewels 2. Paper towel Paper scrolls Tear or cut a piece of paper into a long triangle. Wrap it around a pencil and stick it in place with glue. Try all different Paper beads 3. kinds of paper. Squeeze some paper mâché 1. 2. Glue the end 3. Roll around a knitting of the paper. paper tightly. needle and squeeze it into a ball shape. Leave the beads to Glue stick dry then slide them off the needle. Grease the needle with petroleum jelly—it keeps the beads from sticking. The paper triangles should be about 3 in (7 cm) long. 23
- 24. Paper Paper weaving Under, over, under, over. Don’t throw paper away, turn it into art. Weave pictures and turn them into cards or stick them on the wall. 1. Take an envelope and cut along the short sides and one long side. Cut off the flap too. 2. Now when you open it out you should have a large sheet of paper, like this. Cut wiggly lines up the sheet for a wavy look. 3. KNOW YOUR STUFF In a landfill site, a ton of paper fills the space that’s about the size of a car—so recycle! Fold the paper in half again and draw evenly spaced lines 5. Under, over, under, over, down the sheet. Open the until you get to the end. sheet out. Remember to start the next strip in the opposite way— over, under, over, under. 4. Cut the strips from the folded edge but STOP before you get to the top. Cut lots of strips of paper to fit 24 across the width of the sheet.
- 25. Under, over, under,over, weave, weave, weave Picture weave Try using a picture from a magazine as your backing sheet, then weave plain strips along it. Weave art Experiment with your weaving by using pictures or patterns as well as plain paper. Use any paper you can find. Turn your weaves into colorful cards. Try patterned strips and a plain background. This weave uses the inside of envelopes. 25
- 26. Paper Use the piece of cardboard you cut Paper 1. out of the box as your picture. portraits Tear strips of blue paper as Picture in a box a sea background and glue them on. It doesn’t have to Turn old pictures into new ones— Glue look neat. Try different shades of blue for a stormy effect. stick then frame them in a box. 2. Glue scraps roughly for a 3-D effect. KNOW YOUR STUFF Recycling a 3 ft (1 m) stack of flattened boxes can save one tree. Box frames Stop your family from throwing away old food boxes. Now cut or tear pieces of paper— keeping the shape of some objects but tearing others roughly to create a textured edge. You will Attach a few shapes using a need: card strip so they stand away from the picture and looks 3-D. • A cereal box • Lots of pictures, postcards, junk 3. mail, and colorful patterns from old magazines. Draw a line around the edge of the front of the When you have glued your box leaving a picture, you may want to make a border around the edge with Slip your picture inside your 1 in (2 cm) rim. extra pieces of torn paper. box and glue it to the back. Then cut it out. 26
- 27. Take a closerlook— can you tell what the pictures used to be? Corn field Blue towel Rubber gloves Chocolate hair Grass Carpet face Car bonnet Number shirt Letters Red towel Coffee beans Pizza Apples Let the tissue paper flap 27 over for a wavy plant look.
- 28. Reuse your plastic odds and ends and have yourself a plastic party! Plastic—it’s fantastic! It can be shiny, smooth, rough, tough, hard, or soft. It can be any color, AND it can be molded into any shape. 28
- 29. Plastic Imagine our worldwithout plastic—there would be no What is plastic made from? plastic toys, plastic packaging, or Like paper, plastic comes from trees. Some smart plastic telephones. Plastic is easy scientists got a substance to make BUT it’s not so easy to called cellulose out of wood pulp and that get rid of. made plastic. When was it invented? In 1862 a British chemist called Alexander Parkes was experimenting with cellulose. He heated it, molded it, Plastic and found that when it cooled, it kept its shape. today Plastic was born. After pulping wood to get plastic, chemists started creating it in laboratories. They use chemicals to make plastics such as polyethylene Plastic and polystyrene. problem DID YOU KNOW? If you lined up all the foam plastic cups made in a day, they would reach around the Earth. Recycling Plastic uses Take a look around your plastic bedroom—you can PETE 1 probably spot at least PETE 1 plastic, which is found Look for in most drink bottles, can be 10 pieces of plastic. Perhaps you have the symbols recycled easily. It can be turned into a CD player— Most plastic items you buy clothing, stuffing for sleeping bags, and what about have a symbol on them. stuffed toys, rulers, and lots, lots more. all your pens The PETE 1 symbol is the So make sure you recycle all your and toy one to watch for. water and soft-drink bottles. animals? 29
- 30. Plastic Rainbow frame Plastic comes in so many great colors—so gather all those tiny plastic bits and pieces and make one of these fantastic plastic frames. Now they look as pretty as a picture. KNOW YOUR STUFF Don’t bury your plastic—it’ll be there for hundreds of years. 30
- 31. 1. Tidy upyour toys Sort your plastic odds and ends into rainbow colors. Things look neat already! 2. 3. Make a frame Cover it with all your plastic. Use cardboard from an old box. Glue the pieces in their !to help cut out a color groups. Ask an ADULT frame shape. Glue the pieces 31
- 32. Plastic Refill KNOW Refill YOUR STUFF Refill Recycle your bottles— 12 of them can be Crazy ice turned into a new Cut the bottoms off plastic fleece top. bottles, fill them with water, and freeze. For picnics refill bottles with your own homemade drinks. Color the water with food coloring. Set up 10 bottles and knock them down. Bowling Bottle game A ball of screwed-up bank paper will Plastic bottles work too. will last for hundreds of years, so it’s crazy to Mini plant only use them once. cover Here are some ways to reuse them. Make the most of me! Half a plastic bottle placed ! Ask an ADULT to help you cut over your seedlings will the bottles. keep them warm and Plastic can be tough. help them grow. 32
- 33. Put a length Bird of string through the feeder Try any plastic Toy Cut a hole in bottle neck pieces you can boat and tie the find to decorate the side end to the lid. your boat. of the bottle. Make sure you keep the lids on the bottles so they will float. Put seed in the bottom of your bird feeder and hang it up for Pull the the birds to string so the snack on. lid sits in the neck. Use a plastic foam tray as the base. Tie the bottles to it. Sun catcher Hang your bottle in ...cut the the sun and watch bottom off it sparkle. a bottle, cut To make strips up its a fancy length, and edge... roll them up. Rain catcher Cut a bottle in half, turn the top upside down, and place it back in the Use a bottle bottom half. Now sit bottom as a it outdoors to catch pencil holder the rain. Handy or even a flower vase. holder Cut strips down the bottle and roll each one. 33
- 34. Plastic Bottle top art Lots of bottles means lots of lids. You’ll be amazed 1. how they pile up. Use a plastic foam sheet, like a pizza base or foam packaging. 2. Use strong glue to stick Start the tops to from the the base. center. Keep adding to your 3. pattern. Bottle top patterns Careful—I Collect lots of pretty could lose colored lids and make my head! patterns with them. You can hang them on a wall or even use them as place mats or 34 colorful coasters.
- 35. Try different designs KNOW YOUR STUFF TOPS OFF when you recycle your plastic bottles. The tops are made of a different plastic, which isn’t as easy to recycle. Bottle-top badges Collect up your bottle tops and fill them with Adhesive lots of tiny plastic labels beads, buttons, and toys. Make sure you Safety pins clean the lids. 1. 2. 3. Attach a safety pin to the back of the badge using an adhesive label. Use strong glue to keep Try matching everything the colors so in place. each badge has a theme. 35
- 36. Plastic KNOW YOUR STUFF Don’t drop litter! If you throw your garbage in the street you could be harming wildlife. Tie and hang Tie each end of the streamers securely so they Who knew don’t come undone, plastic could be then hang them up. so much fun! Plastic party Bottle banners and pen-top streamers brighten up any party. And you don’t have to buy decorations at all— just reuse and recycle! What to use Next time you are at a party, gather up the used party popper bottles—they’re great for streamers. Keep an eye out for pen and 36 bottle lids, clothes pins, and straws, too.
- 37. Bottle fan 1. Cut the bottom off a bottle. 2. Cut strips up toward the top. 3. Fan out the strips. Pen lids Thread your fan onto some string then a 4. lid on top. Clothes 5. pins Used party poppers ! Ask an ADULT to help you cut the Bottle lids plastic and make holes if necessary. Straw streamers Thread a straw between each plastic object to spread them out. Cut the straws if you String streamers want smaller gaps. 1. Tie a knot in the end of a 2. Thread it with piece of string. plastic things. Plastic string Use a needle and thread instead of string if the holes are small. 37
- 38. Plastic Plastic wrappers Decide how big you want your cushion to be and cut a rectangle Brighten up your room. Turn double that size out of bubble wrap. plastic wrappers into a colorful cushion or shiny screen. Fold the bubble wrap in half and tape up two of the open sides with adhesive tape. Stuff the bubble wrap Bubble-wrap cushions are easy to make, but the real art is in the stuffing. Bubble wrap is see-through, so make sure you stuff it with lots of colorful plastic odds and ends. When you have finished stuffing, tape up the open side. This will make you comfortable. KNOW YOUR STUFF Candy wrappers and potato chip bags make up a huge proportion of what you throw away.
- 39. How to make acandy- wrap screen Take a length of netting material and cut a pole to hang it from. Fold the top of the net over the pole and glue it down. Collect lots of plastic candy wrappers and buttons and start decorating. Cut the pole long enough to poke out on each side of the net. Use glue to stick the netting down and to attach the decorations. Cellophane candy wrappers Nylon netting material You can use an old net curtain Plastic buttons for the screen, or the type of netting on a ballet tutu. 39
- 40. Wow, metal’s amazing! It’s in everything from paper clips to spaceships. Metal—is magical! It can be shiny and cold, strong, wiry, smooth, or sharp. It’s magnetic, can carry electricity, and it’s valuable stuff, too. 40
- 41. Metal Imagine our worldwithout metal—We wouldn’t have COPPER TIN What is GOLD any money, jewelry, skyscraper metal? ALUMINUM All metal comes from SILVER buildings, and we would have rocks in the ground. Rock is broken up a very difficult time cooking NICKEL IRON and heated to get the metal out. STEEL without any metal. When was metal discovered? As far back as 11,000 years ago How is early people were making tools and jewelry out of metal. foil made? The foil wrap we use Today, we make things like in cooking is made of watches, wire, and ALUMINUM, which comes even spaceships! from a rock called bauxite. To turn it into foil a block of aluminum is squashed through rollers again and again until it’s a long flat sheet. Who invented the CAN? A Frenchman, Nicholas Appert, invented the STEEL can in 1810 to preserve food for Napoleon’s army. Test your metal Metal uses Hold a magnet near some cans, So many things around you are you’ll find some will stick; these are made from metal or have metal in made of STEEL. STEEL cans are 100% them. Look around your kitchen—ovens, Recycle metal recyclable. Most soft-drink cans are saucepans, cutlery are all made of metal. made of ALUMINUM, which can be Every time you recycle That’s because it is strong recycled and made into and easy to clean. metal you are saving the just about anything, from Earth from being dug up. cars to brand-new cans, Rock that contains metal SO RECYCLE! can’t grow back. Once it’s dug up, that’s it! 41
- 42. Metal Mysterious metal Test your metal Find out which metals are magnetic by touching a magnet onto various objects—if it sticks, they’re magnetic. Fishing game Cut fish shapes out of paper and fasten a Moving metal— paper clip or paper fastener onto them. Tie a Metals are attracted to magnets— magnet onto a piece of string, tie the string to a KNOW that’s the magic of metal—so dig pencil, then race your friends to pick up the fish. YOUR STUFF out those magnets. Here’s how to STEEL is 100% recyclable and keeps its make metal work for you. quality, so make sure it gets recycled. Can do! Tin cans are great to reuse as storage, and because they are metal, you can decorate them with magnets. You can even spell out what is in them with letter magnets. ! cut the top off the can. to Ask an ADULT Make sure they clean it and check it for sharp edges. Homemade fridge magnets Glue a magnet to Cover a Magnets lid with the top of a jar or foil. bottle lid, then glue a small toy to the other side. Stick Reuse lids from jars. Strong them on the fridge glue or your storage cans. Small toys
- 43. Make a movingpicture 1. Crazy Cat —make him dance! Make a base by cutting out a piece Paper clip Decorate the whiskers of thin background. cardboard— try using the back of a cereal box. To make the picture 2. work, hold a magnet to Cut out cat Paper the back of the cardboard shapes from fastener and move it around. This thin cardboard. will attract the metal on your picture and the character will jump around. Cut out separate hands and feet. 3. Paper fastener 4. Take a paper fastener and push it through the face to make the cat’s nose. Then push it through the body. Hold the magnet Magnet at the back of the cardboard BACK OF PICTURE and gently move it around. I’m not magnetic Attach the cat to the because I’m cardboard by pressing plastic. the paper fastener Now make four chains of four paper clips through the back each. Attach these to the cat’s hands and of the cardboard. feet and then to its body. 43
- 44. Metal Metal Mix-up Shiny shapes. Washers Collect lots of shiny metal and eyelets objects and let them hang, swing, and dangle. Watch the metal Coiled wire from glisten and a notebook sparkle. Key A chain of safety pins Foil dish Foil candy wrapper 44
- 45. Food bag ties have metal inside. Chains Old keys Paper clips Hang tough To make your metal dangle, take a wire coathanger and pull it into a diamond shape. Wind Pull it into a pieces of wire around the diamond shape hanger—this makes a frame to hang all your metal objects on. Attach some things onto Wire coat the wire and hang hanger others on chains of paper clips and safety pins. Paper Use baggie fastener ties to fasten things in place Wind pieces of wire around the coat hanger. Safety pins Metal Tie things to fork the frame Use a paper clip as a hook Small strainer Any metal will work; see what you KNOW can find at home YOUR STUFF It takes 80 to 100 years for a tin can to break down and disappear Cookie Foil in a landfill. cutter dishes Wire from a notebook 45
- 46. Metal Make a Mobile Reuse clean foil dishes and decorate them with candy wrappers and other shiny metal things. Attach paper clips and chains to hang them up. Glue foil candy wrappers to the foil dishes. Strong glue All these trays are made of ALUMINUM. KNOW YOUR STUFF Scrunch a candy wrapper into a ball. If it’s made of metal foil, it will stay in a ball. 46
- 47. Link paper clips Mirror together to make a chain. mobiles Reflect the light with these simple mobiles. Hang them in a sunny window to shimmer and shine. Glue different- sized dishes together. Link dishes together with a paper clip. 47
- 48. Pipe cleaners are Metal made of metal too! Metal models Space age. Build metal robots, rockets, and aliens and create a shiny, lunar landscape. Foil dish hat 4. Foil tube Glue head them together. Make a model Foil food trays are a good start for the robot body. Cut down cardboard tubes for the legs and head, and wrap them in aluminum foil. Then use odds and ends for your metal man’s features. 1. Use strong glue to Toilet or paper-towel attach his roll tubes can be face and Pipe covered in foil. buttons. cleaner arms. Wrap them up tightly. 2. 3. Tape the Tape the arms on to tube legs the tray. to the tray. 48 48
- 49. Space rocket Tape a foil dish to the base. You can make a metal cone with shiny cardboard or Wrap a soft- by wrapping plain drink can in foil. cardboard in foil. Lunar landscape Lay down lots of foil candy wrappers to make a colorful lunar surface. Then build your own metal robots. Do they look like the ones on this page? Metal washers KNOW Pipe cleaners YOUR STUFF can be bent Recycling one into all sorts aluminum can saves of shapes. enough energy to run a TV for 3 hours. Paper clips Aha! Foiled again. 49
- 50. Somebody make me some clothes! Fabric—it’s in the clothes we wear! It can be soft, furry, scratchy, strong, or stretchy. Yarns can be woven or knitted to make all kinds of garments. 50
- 51. Fabric Imagine our world withoutfabric—we would What is fabric made probably catch a cold, since our from? WOOL comes from sheep, clothes are made from it. Furniture SILK from silk worms, is covered in fabric so it’s soft and COTTON from cotton plants, LINEN from flax plants. comfortable to sit on. These are all natural products. When was fabric invented? The Egyptians first wove cotton into cloth about 14,000 years ago. The How is Romans built the first wool factory 1,500 fabric made? Fabric is usually woven from years ago. yarns like wool and cotton. Wool is sheared off the sheep (like a haircut), then spun into woolen yarn. Yarn can Lycra, nylon, be woven into fabric—see and polyester page 56 to try weaving Fabrics like these are called for yourself. synthetic because they are man-made. They are made in laboratories and are more like plastics than fabric. How your fabric can help Recycling others fabric Take the clothes you’ve grown out of Remake clothes and fabric into to thrift shops. They will not only be Look for something else. See the projects used by someone else, but they will also make money for charity, too. labels in this fabric section for some good ideas. If the fabric is falling Many clothes and other apart, it can be made into filling fabrics can be reused for mattresses and insulation. or recycled. Look at So recycle your old towels, bed the labels—this one tells sheets, tablecloths, you the fabric and curtains. is wool. 51
- 52. Fabric Making friends They’re woolly, they’re soft, they’re your fuzzy hat and glove KNOW YOUR STUFF friends! Have you grown out Sweaters and other items made of wool can be of your winter warmers? respun—the fibers are used again to make Then transform them new clothes. into cuddly creatures. 1. How to make Turn an woolly friends old glove inside out. Take a glove and decide what shape you want it to be. Turn to page 54 to find out how to do a back stitch, which will help you when you sew up the fingers. 52
- 53. Make new friends from old All kinds of gloves can be used— from baby mittens to Dad’s big gloves. Experiment with how many fingers to use. Try stuffing I’m a glove with short fingers. your old hats I’ve got a to make us! thumb nose. Use all the fingers to make my hair. 2. 3. Push out the fingers that haven’t been sewn up. Turn the Now make glove right a face using side out stitches, Sew again. fabric scraps, up the or buttons. middle two fingers and the thumb. Stuff the Sew up the glove. bottom. Cotton balls and old tights are great 53 for stuffing gloves.
- 54. Fabric Hold onto your hats! A quick sewing lesson Don’t chuck them, recycle them. Ask your family to give you their old hats. The more you have the more fuzzy folks you can make. This bow Needle came from and a hat. thread Put a bow on your hat and Scissors Pins make me— Betty Bow Back stitch The back stitch is a good stitch to use because it keeps the stuffing in place. Practice on a piece of material before you sew the hats. Knot the end of the thread and push the needle down and up through the fabric. Pull the needle all the way through to the knot. Now push the needle half way between the knot and the dangling KNOW thread. YOUR STUFF Over 70% of the world’s population uses secondhand clothes. Bring the needle up in front of the dangling thread. What to use for stuffing You can use almost any soft fabric for stuffing. Old socks and Mom’s old tights and hose are probably the pieces of Repeat these steps clothing people throw away most often, and sew over the last stitch to 54 so gather them up before they go! finish off.
- 55. How to makeBeanie Bob Try to find two hats that are about the same size. Ideally, Bob should have one hat without a beanie, and one hat with a beanie. But you can always make your own pom-pom to go on top. Sew on buttons or Find two Old buttons fabric scraps to make hats, about Bob’s face. the same size. 6. Now make the face 1. Pin the hats together Turn the top hat upside down. Turn the bottom hat inside out. Neatly sew up the opening. 5. Sew up the gap Place the top Pin the edges hat into the together. bottom hat. 2. Sew the hats together Keep stuffing until Bob feels really full. 4. Stuff Sew along the pins but leave a 5 in (12 cm) opening at the end. Push your stuffing Turn the hats right side through the opening. out through the opening. 55 3. Turn right side out
- 56. Fabric Rag mats Revive old rags Collect up material and old clothes, cut them into strips, and weave them into pretty mats. Cut long strips of cloth 1 in To make (2 cm) wide. strips longer, knot them together. Cutting the strips Cut the material into long strips. Use one color for the main weave that goes up and down, called the “warp,” and lots of colors and fabrics for the “weft”—the material the goes across. Use any old fabric.
- 57. 12 slits Slip the fabric into Thread the fabric How to start the first slit. through each slit Use a cardboard sheet for in turn, around Cut the slits and around your weaving frame. Cut ½ in (1 cm) from front an even number of slits at apart. to back. the top and bottom. Knot together lots of the same Cardboard sheet: color strips to make one 8 x 12 in very long strip. (20 cm x 30 cm) 12 slits Weaving the weft When you reach the end, Weave the strips over and under the main turn the strip around and go back again. color—the warp. Pull the strip all the way through before starting the next line. Leave a bit at the beginning and weave it back on Weave itself to keep it from coming undone. under and over in the opposite way to the line above. Knot a new fabric Continue weaving— strip onto the end don’t do it too tight. and keep weaving. Weave the last color and secure the end by weaving it back on itself. Finishing off Knot pairs of strips together. Turn the board over. Cut through the Gently pull fabric strips. the fabric strips through the slits. Trim them to the same length.
- 58. Fabric Pocket purses Don’t toss your old clothes, they might make perfect pocket I’m just right purses! for a change purse! ! Make a change purse ! Look for an old piece of clothing with a pocket on the outside—one with a zipper or button is ideal. Cut around the pocket with pinking shears (scissors with zigzag edges) and you have your change purse—it’s as easy as that! Using pinking shears means that the edges won’t fray. 58
- 59. Pinking shears Pants purse Rescue your favorite old jeans and turn them into these hip bags. Recycle your pants and skir ! ts, KNOW make glam bags for school... YOUR STUFF Even when fabric is so c kets or po worn out that it’s falling to pieces, it’s still worth e purses f chang recycling. It can be used for insulation and filling for mattresses. ...and 59
- 60. Fabric How to make a glam bag Recycle old pants to make these glamorous bags. Simply cut off the legs, sew Needle, up the opening, and attach thread, and pins a handle. 1. 2. Cut off the pant tops just above the legs. Turn inside out ! Turn Turn the top inside out and pin the two bottom edges together. Sew the edges together. 3. right way out ! Pin the strap in place. Use pinking shears with zigzag edges so the material Sew it won’t fray. tightly. Add a strap Use the material from the leg to make your strap. Cut a length about 1 in (3 cm) wide and sew it in place.
- 61. Glam it up When you have finished your bag, you can decorate it with beads, baubles, and bows. Then there are all those handy pockets to fill! Make a matching change purse. Fancy strap You could use a ribbon for the strap, like this pink velvet one. 61
- 62. Fabric Comfy cushions Snuggle up to your favorite T-shirt or jeans after you have grown out of them. Brighten up your bedroom with these quirky cushions. Clothing cushions As well as reusing your T-shirts, try making glam bags (page 60-61) into cushions, too. The pockets are still handy. These look cozy— now you can enjoy your favorite clothes KNOW for longer! YOUR STUFF Most clothes that are thrown away are still good to wear. DON’T BURY THEM IN A LANDFILL. Give them to a charity. 62
- 63. Index Make a T-shirt cushion Aluminum 41, 45, Junk mail jewels 22-23 Plastic bag 8 46, 49 Junk mail mache 18-21, Plastic party 36-37 22 Pocket purse 58, 61 Back stitch 52, 54 Pollution 8 Badge 35 Landfill 8, 24, 62 Postcard 26 Bird feeder 33 Bottle bank 32-33 Magazine 9, 14, 18, Rag mat 56-57 Bubble wrap 38 25, 26 Rainbow frame 30-31 Button 35, 39, 48, 55, Magnet 41, 42, 43 Ribbon 9, 61 58 Metal 9, 40-49 Robot 48 Take a clean T-shirt Metal mix-up 44-45 Rocket 49 Can 9 Metal model 48-49 Cellulose 29 Mirror 47 Safety pin 9, 44, 45 Charity 8, 51, 62 Mobile 46-47 Screen 39 Coathanger 45 Sock 9, 53 Comic 9, 12, 14, 15 Newspaper 9, 11, 12, Steel 41, 42 Cookie cutter 22, 23, 45 16 Straw 9, 36 Crazy Cat 43 Newspaper bowl 16-17 Streamer 36, 37 Cushion 38, 62, 63 Sun catcher 33 Paper 8, 10-27 Drink bottles 8, 29 Paper bead 23 Toy 9, 29, 31, 33, 35, Sew up the Paper clip 9, 42, 43, 45, 36 neck and arm holes. Egyptian 11, 50 47 T-shirt 9, 62, 63 Envelope 9, 15, 18, 19, Paper fastener 9, 43 24, 25 Paper magic 12-13 Wire 9, 41, 44, 45 Paper plane 13 Wool 51, 52 Sew it up Fabric 9, 50-63 Paper portrait 26-27 Wrapping paper 9, 11 Foil 9, 41, 45, 46, 48, 49 Paper pot 14-15 Fresh Kills 8 Paper scroll 23 Frog 14, 17 Paper weaving 24-25 Papyrus 11 Glam bag 60-61, 62 Picnic 32 Glove 9, 52, 53 Pinking shears 58, 59, 60 Greenhouse 32 Place mat 34 Greeting card 19 Plastic 8, 9 16, 21, 22, 28-39, 43, 51 Keep Hat 53, 54, 55 recycling! Homemade paste 16, 20 Use more old Jeans 9, 59, 62 clothes for Jewelry 41 Junk mail 18, 19, 26 the stuffing. Stuff it Acknowledgments With thanks to... Eloise Rakic-Platt, Lucas Dyson-Diaz, Riley Scott, and Sophie Hind for modeling. Dave King for additional photography. Cut shapes from other The publisher would like to thank the material and following for their kind permission to sew them reproduce their photograph on as Corbis: Gregor Schuster 59 (background) decoration. Sew up the bottom of the shirt. All images © Dorling Kindersley. For further information see Sew it up and decorate it www.dkimages.com
- 64. MADE WITH THIS BOOK WAS MADE WITH CARE CARE While creating this book, we made an effort to recycle, turn things off, print doublesided, talk, and ask questions a little bit more. make it! IS FSC (FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL) CERTIFIED, WHICH MEANS IT IS SOURCED FROM RESPONSIBLY MANAGED FORESTS. OUR PAPER... OUR PAPER MILL RECYCLES 91% OF THE WATER REQUIRED DURING MANUFACTURE. OUR CARD STOCK FOR COVERS IS RECYCLED. HAS REDUCED ITS CARBON FOOTPRINT BY 52% SINCE 1994 OUR PRINTER... AND GENERATES 100% OF ITS OWN ELECTRICITY. make it! OUR INKS... ARE VEGETABLE INKS, NOT MADE FROM PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. THERE’S NO DUST TO SAVE PAPER AND ENERGY. JACKET... OUR COMPANY... IS PART OF PEARSON, A FOUNDER SIGNATORY TO THE UN GLOBAL COMPACT. THIS SETS OUT A SERIES OF PRINCIPLES AGAINST WHICH WE MEASURE OURSELVES IN THE AREAS OF HUMAN RIGHTS, LABOR STANDARDS, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND ANTI-CORRUPTION. STOP—Think before you throw away! Jane Bull Can you reuse your rubbish? The answer is yes. make it! is packed with ideas to turn your trash into treasure. Whether it’s paper, plastic, metal, or fabric, you can make gorgeous gifts and terrific toys. Take another look at your trash and get creative. Going green has never been so much fun! Jane Bull Printed in Germany I S B N 978-0-7566-3837-5 51499 A CLEANER GREENER BOOK FIND OUT MORE MADE MADE WITH REDUCE REUSE RECYCLE $14.99 USA / Canada www.dk.com/madewithcare 9 780756 638375 WITH CARE CARE ND117_Mkit!_US.indd 1 15/2/08 15:32:11