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Natural disasters
The document categorizes and describes 10 types of natural disasters: cyclones, earthquakes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, droughts, avalanches, and landslides. It provides examples of some of the largest or deadliest instances of each type of natural disaster, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake triggering a tsunami that killed 230,000-280,000 people, and the 1887 Yellow River flood in China that killed around 900,000 people. The document aims to outline different categories of natural disasters and provide an overview of their characteristics and impacts.
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Natural disasters
- 1. 1 Topic : NATURALTopic: NATURAL DISASTERSDISASTERS
- 2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEWPRESENTATION OVERVIEW Introduction Categoriesof natural disasters • Cyclone • Earthquake • Tornado • Volcanic Eruption • Tsunami • Flood • Wildfire • Drought • Avalanche • Landslide Conclusion 2
- 3. WHAT ARE NATURALDISASTERS?WHAT ARE NATURAL DISASTERS? • Natural Disasters are disasters that occur in this world naturally Natural disasters can happen at any location at any time throughout the universe. • Natural disasters can destroy cities, or sometimes a whole country if it is that severe. • They can occur on land, in the water, and with the wind. 3
- 4. CATEGORIES OF NATURALDISASTERSCATEGORIES OF NATURAL DISASTERS 1. Cyclone 2. Earthquake 3. Tornado 4. Volcanic Eruption 5. Tsunami 6. Flood 7. Wildfire 8. Drought 9. Avalanche 10. Landslide 4
- 5. CYCLONESCYCLONES • A cycloneis a storm system characterized by a low pressure centre and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and heavy rain. • Cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion. It has low pressure on the inside and high pressure on the outside. • While cyclones can produce extremely powerful winds and torrential rain, they are also able to produce high waves and damaging storm surge as well as spawning tornados. • They develop over large bodies of warm water and lose their strength if they move over land due to increased surface friction.
- 6. EFFECTS OF CYCLONESEFFECTSOF CYCLONES • Torrential rain that can cause flooding • Extremely strong winds that carry debris that can be lethal • Damage buildings and property • Destroy crops • Capsize boats at sea • Deaths due to drowning • Infrastructure destroyed
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- 8. EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE SS • It isthe result of a sudden release of energy from the earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. • They are measured using seismographs.
- 9. EARTHQUAKESEARTHQUAKES A sudden shakingof the ground as a result of movements of the earth’s tectonic plates
- 10. How do earthquakeshappen? • The earth’s surface rests on moving sheets of crust called tectonic plates • These plates move VERY slowly • When the plates collide, they create mountains • When the plates separate, they form volcanoes.
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- 12. Tornados (Twisters) • A tornadois a violently rotating column of air that is touching both the ground and a cumulonimbus cloud. • Tornado conditions are caused when different temperatures and humidity meet to form thunder clouds • “Twisters” can attain speeds up to 100 miles an hour
- 13. Tornado s • The biggesttornado recorded was the Hallam, Nebraska tornado on May 22, 2004. It was around 2.5 miles big and had a death toll of around 160. • The deadliest tornado recorded occurred in Daultipur and Salturia, Bangladesh on April 26th, 1989. 1300 recorded dead and 12,000 injured.
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- 15. Volcanic Eruption • A volcanois an opening in a planet’s surface whichallows hot magma to escape from below the surface. • Study of volcano’s is called Volcanology and volcanic eruptions are measured using Volcanic Explosivity Index
- 16. Volcanic Eruption • The biggestvolcanic eruption was Mount Tambora on April 10, 1815, it heard over 2000 km away and had a death toll of around 71,000. Due to the explosion 1816 became known as “The Year Without Summer”. • The largest volcano known to humans is Olympus Mons on Mars. Olympus Mons means Mount Olympus and is bigger than Mount Everest.
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- 18. Tsunami’ s • Tsunami meansharbor wave and is caused by the displacement of a large body of water normally an ocean or a large lake. • The biggest tsunami ever happened at Lituya Bay, Alaska on July 9, 1958. The megatsunami was around 150 meters tall. • The tsunami caused by 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, is the 6th deadliest Natural disaster in recorded history with a death toll of 230,210 – 280,000.
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- 20. Floods • Floods arecaused when water overflows from a water body. • One of the biggest floods in the world is probably the Yellow river in China 1887 which killed between around 900,000.
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- 22. Wildfire • A wildfireis any uncontrolled fire in the countryside or wilderness. • Other names for a wildfire are brush fire, bushfire, forest fire, desert fire, grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, vegetation fire, and veldfire. • One of the largest wildfire is the 1910 wildfire
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- 24. Droughts • A droughtis a long period of time in which a certain region receives a shortage of water • Lasting three years from 1958 to 1961, the Great Chinese Famine is the worst on record, 15 to 43 million were killed as a result • USA has been hit by a huge drought in 2012 decreasing corn income by 12%
- 25. Avalanche s • An avalancheis a sudden and drastic drop of snow • The biggest avalanche happened on Mt. Huascaran killing 20,000
- 26. 26 AvalanchesAvalanches • • • Avalanches Happen onevery continent Avalanche Season is during the “winter time” or December-April in the United States A large scale can release up to 300,000 cubic yards of snow • • Avalanches are more commonly released by recreationists than by natural causes The biggest factor of avalanche possibility is the accumulation snow over the winter season – More snow = bigger avalanche
- 27. Landslides • A landslideor a landslip is a movement in the ground and a shallow flow of debris. • The largest landslide in history happened because of Mount St. Helens. 3km of rock moved downhill.
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