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ELECTRON CONFIGURATION.pdf...............
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- 2. 🧠Key Concepts Electrons occupyenergy levels, sublevels, and orbitals Follows three rules: Aufbau Principle: Electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first Pauli Exclusion Principle: Each orbital holds max 2 electrons with opposite spins Hund’s Rule: Electrons fill orbitals singly before pairing ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
- 5. ELECTRON CONFIGURATION CHARTOF ALL ELEMENTS
- 6. s shell -2 electrons p shell - 6 electrons d shell - 10 electrons f shell - 14 electrons Maximum numbers of electrons each orbital can have:
- 7. EXAMPLE: What is theelectron configuration of an oxygen atom?
- 8. EXAMPLE: What is theelectron configuration of an oxygen atom? Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
- 9. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a nitrogen atom?
- 10. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a sodium atom?
- 11. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a chlorine atom?
- 12. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of an iodine atom?
- 13. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a potassium atom?
- 14. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a bismuth atom?
- 15. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a zirconium atom?
- 16. ACTIVITY: What is theelectron configuration of a copper atom?
- 17. 🧠Key Concepts Quantum numbersdescribe the location and behavior of electrons: Quantum Numbers
- 18. The value ofthe principal quantum number n is the level of the principal electronic shell (principal level). All orbitals that have the same n value are in the same principal level. PRINCIPAL QUANTUM NUMBER EXAMPLE: Electron configuration of Oxygen: O = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴ What is the principal quantum number of oxygen? n =
- 19. Also known asthe azimuthal quantum number or orbital quantum number, it determines the shape of the subshell in which the electrons reside. ANGULAR MOMENTUM QUANTUM NUMBER EXAMPLE: Electron configuration of Oxygen: O = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴ What is the angular momentum quantum number of oxygen? l =
- 20. MAGNETIC QUANTUM NUMBER EXAMPLE: Electronconfiguration of Oxygen: O = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴ What is the magnetic quantum number of oxygen? ml = The magnetic quantum number is a key quantum number that determines the orientation of an electron's orbital in a magnetic field. It provides information about the spatial arrangement of orbitals and can take on integer values ranging from -l to +l, where l is the azimuthal quantum number.
- 21. ELECTRON SPIN EXAMPLE: Electron configurationof Oxygen: O = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴ What is the 4th quantum number of oxygen? ms = Electron Spin or Spin Quantum Number is the fourth quantum number for electrons in atoms and molecules. Denoted as ms, the electron spin is constituted by either upward (ms=+1/2) or downward (ms=−1/2) arrows.
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