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Petrolengines
The document discusses different types of engines classified by their fuel source and combustion method. It focuses on petrol engines, which are internal combustion engines that burn petrol fuel inside the engine cylinders. The key types discussed are two-stroke and four-stroke petrol engines. Two-stroke engines complete the combustion cycle in two piston strokes while four-stroke engines use four strokes of the piston. The four strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
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Petrolengines
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- 2. PETROL ENGINES Most enginesuse a fuel as their energy store.The fuel is burnt to produce heat energy,which is then converted into movement What is an engine? It is a device for converting stored energy into useful work or movement.
- 3. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES Enginescan be classified according to the fuel they use PETROL ENGINES DIESEL ENGINES
- 4. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES Enginescan be classified according to the fuel they use PETROL ENGINES DIESEL ENGINES
- 5. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES Enginescan be classified according to the fuel they use PETROL ENGINES DIESEL ENGINES
- 6. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES(Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES EXTERNALENGINES (Steam Engine)
- 7. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES(Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES EXTERNALENGINES (Steam Engine)
- 8. CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES(Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES EXTERNALENGINES (Steam Engine)
- 9. TYPES OF PETROLENGINES 7.Number of strokes used. 1.Number of cylinders 2.Cylinder arrangements The Petrol engines may be classified according to 3.Valve arrangements 4.Speed of the engines 5.Cooling system 6.Lubrication system used
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- 11. VERTICAL CYLINDER FOURSTROKE ENGINE
- 12. VERTICAL CYLINDER TWOSTROKE ENGINE
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- 14. V TYPE STIRLINGENGINES
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- 21. INLET PORT EXHAUST PORT TRANSFERPORT CYLINDER SPARK PLUG
- 22. TWO STROKE ENGINES Inthis type of engines the cycle is completed in two strokes.When the piston moves from B.D.C to T.D.C, the air and fuel mixture is taken inside the crank case. T D C position B D C position
- 23. T D C BD C Stroke is the distance of the piston travels from BDC to TDC STROKE This measurements are used to figure the piston displacement stroke
- 24. When the pistonmoves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. Inlet port exhaust port piston Transfer port
- 25. When the pistonmoves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. Inlet port exhaust port piston Transfer port
- 26. When the pistonmoves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. Inlet port exhaust port piston Transfer port
- 27. When the pistonis moving upward ,the mixture is compressed. At the same time,air and fuel mixture is coming into the crankcase. Inlet port exhaust port Transfer port NO FUEL MIXTURE AVAILABLE
- 28. Compressed mixture When thepiston is moving upward ,the mixture is compressed. At the same time,air and fuel mixture is coming into the crankcase. Inlet port exhaust port Transfer port
- 29. At the endof the compression stroke, a spark is given by a spark plug.The fuel mixture expands rapidly.A high power is produced. This power forces the piston downwards.So the piston moves from T.D.C to B.D.C Burning the fuel mixture Inlet port exhaust port Transfer port
- 30. When the pistoncomes down, the exhaust port opens and exhaust gases are going out.At the same time,the transfer port also opens and the fresh mixture comes inside the cylinder Thus the four strokes are completed in two strokes of the engine Inlet port exhaust port Transfer port
- 31. When the pistoncomes down, the exhaust port opens and exhaust gases are going out.At the same time,the transfer port also opens and the fresh mixture comes inside the cylinder Thus the four strokes are completed in two strokes of the engine Inlet port exhaust port Transfer port exhaust port Transfer port
- 37. ADVANTAGES OF TWOSTROKE ENGINES 1.Simple in construction 2.Easy to manufacture 3.Low cost 4.Simple lubrication system 5.Uniform power production (one power stroke for every revolution of the crank shaft) 6.There is no separate valve operating mechanism 7.More power is produced
- 38. DISADVANTAGES OF TWOSTROKE PETROL ENGINES 1.It consumes more lubrication oil 2.Wear and tear more 3 Not suitable for heavy duty engines 4.More wastage (unburnt fuel may escape through port) 5.The dead gases can not be removed completely
- 39. FOUR STROKE ENGINES FIRSTSTROKE –SUCTION STROKE While the inlet valve is open ,the descending piston draws fresh petrol and air mixture into the cylinder. Fig.
- 40. Fig. IN LET VALVE OPENPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION FOUR STROKE ENGINES FIRST STROKE –SUCTION STROKE While the inlet valve is open ,the descending piston draws fresh petrol and air mixture into the cylinder.
- 41. Fig. IN LET VALVE OPENPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION FOUR STROKE ENGINES FIRST STROKE –SUCTION STROKE While the inlet valve is open ,the descending piston draws fresh petrol and air mixture into the cylinder.
- 42. Fig. IN LET VALVE OPENPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION FOUR STROKE ENGINES FIRST STROKE –SUCTION STROKE While the inlet valve is open ,the descending piston draws fresh petrol and air mixture into the cylinder.
- 43. Fig. IN LET VALVE OPENPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION FOUR STROKE ENGINES FIRST STROKE –SUCTION STROKE While the inlet valve is open ,the descending piston draws fresh petrol and air mixture into the cylinder.
- 44. SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE Whilethe valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug. Fig. IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION
- 45. Fig. IN LET VALVE CLOSEPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
- 46. Fig. IN LET VALVE CLOSEPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
- 47. Fig. IN LET VALVE CLOSEPOSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
- 48. THIRD STROKE-POWER STROKE Whilethe valves are closed the pressure of the burned gases of the combustion forces push the piston downwards. Fig. IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE OPEN POSITION
- 49. FOURTH STROKE-EXHAUST STROKE Theexhaust valve is open and the rising piston discharges the spent gases from the cylinder. Fig.
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- 55. 1.Less fuel consumption 2.Thermalefficiency is more ADVANTAGES OF FOUR STROKE ENGINES 3.More volumetric efficiency 4.Less wear and tear.
- 56. DISADVANTAGES OF FOURSTROKE ENGINES 4.More complicated design. 1.More components 2.Separate valve operating mechanism is required. 3.More cost
- 57. PISTON ARRANGEMENT INTWIN CYLINDER ENGINE CRANK SHAFTCONNECTING ROD
- 58. PISTON ARRANGEMENT INFOUR CYLINDER ENGINE
- 59. PISTON ARRANGEMENT INFIVE CYLINDER ENGINE
- 60. PISTON PISTON RINGS PISTONPIN BOSS PISTON SKIRT PISTON TOP RING GROOVES FIRE RING
- 61. CYLINDER,PISTON, SPARK PLUGAND VALVES ARRANGEMENT