The document discusses different types of waves including transverse waves, where the displacement is perpendicular to the direction of motion, and longitudinal waves, where the displacement is parallel. It defines key wave properties like speed, frequency, wavelength, and how speed equals frequency multiplied by wavelength. It describes constructive and destructive interference from crests and troughs combining or canceling. It lists tsunamis as being caused by earthquakes, landslides, and volcanoes and mentions water circulation and ocean waves.