{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T20:17:01Z","timestamp":1740169021701,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013072","name":"Major Science and Technology Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. ZDKJ2019010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. ZDKJ2019010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Inf Sci Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate the clinical characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, and transmissibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a family cluster outbreak transmitted by a 3-month-old confirmed positive infant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Field-based epidemiological methods were used to investigate cases and their close contacts. Real-time fluorescent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for all collected specimens. Serum SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by Chemiluminescence and Gold immnnochromatography (GICA).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The outbreak was a family cluster with an attack rate of 80% (4\/5). The first case in this family was a 3-month-old infant. The transmission chain was confirmed from infant to adults (her father, mother and grandmother). Fecal tests for SARS-CoV-2 RNA remained positive for 37\u00a0days after the infant was discharged. The infant\u2019s grandmother was confirmed to be positive 2\u00a0days after the infant was discharged from hospital. Patients A (3-month-old female), B (patient A\u2019s father), C (patient A\u2019s grandmother), and D (patient A\u2019s mother) had positive serum IgG and negative IgM, but patients A\u2019s grandfather serum IgG and IgM were negative.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 has strong transmissibility within family settings and presence of viral RNA in stool raises concern for possible fecal\u2013oral transmission. Hospital follow-up and close contact tracing are necessary for those diagnosed with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13755-020-00136-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T14:03:16Z","timestamp":1610978596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Epidemiological investigation of a COVID-19 family cluster outbreak transmitted by a 3-month-old infant"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Guo-tian","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yue-hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mei-fang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jin-ni","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dao-jiong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jia-chong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qiu-yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhi-xian","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhen-qiong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hong-ai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qiu-qiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Huang-zhen","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yu-ming","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qing-xia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0695-z","volume":"5","author":"Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of V. 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