{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:46:41Z","timestamp":1761677201664,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP)","award":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"]}]},{"name":"China Natural Science Foundation","award":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0904","2019YFC1509703","42172304"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Potential rockfall source areas are widely distributed in the high mountain areas of the Tibetan Plateau, posing significant hazards to human lives, infrastructures, and lifeline facilities. In a combination of field investigation, high-precision aerial photogrammetry, and numerical simulation, we took the Maoyaba basin as an example to explore a rapid identification method for high-altitude rockfall sources. An automatic potential rockfall source identification (PRSI) procedure was introduced to simplify the process of rockfall source identification. The study revealed that rockfall sources are concentrated in areas with intense frost weathering. Our identification results were validated using rockfall inventory data detection from remote sensing images and field investigation. Of the rockfall source areas identified by the PRSI procedure, 80.85% overlapped with the remote sensing images result. The accuracy assessment using precision, recall, and F1 score was 0.91, 0.81, and 0.85, respectively, which validates the reliability and effectiveness of the PRSI procedure. Meanwhile, we compared the rockfall source distribution of five DEMs with different resolutions and four neighborhood areas. We discovered that, in addition to high-resolution DEMs (i.e., 1 m and 2 m), medium-resolution DEMs (i.e., 5 m, 12.5 m) also perform well in identifying rockfall sources. Finally, we conducted a hazard assessment based on Culmann\u2019s two-dimensional slope stability model and rockfall hazard vector method. Appropriate protective measures should be taken at high-hazard sections to safeguard pedestrians, vehicles, and related infrastructure from rockfalls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15133273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T03:14:56Z","timestamp":1687749296000},"page":"3273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Potential Rockfall Source Identification and Hazard Assessment in High Mountains (Maoyaba Basin) of the Tibetan Plateau"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2421-4997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0937-5605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueliang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Songfeng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Xianglong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Three Gorges Corporation Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 101199, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road No. 28, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0967-7582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengwen","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"Preliminary investigation on the classification of landfalls","volume":"7","author":"Houtian","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. 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