{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:21:46Z","timestamp":1762273306759,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"]}]},{"name":"Qinghai high-resolution remote sensing data industrialization application fund project","award":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"]}]},{"name":"research on space-ground integrated landslide monitoring and application based on BeiDou ground-based augmentation system","award":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42274012","42174012","41204001","94-Y40G14-9001-15\/18","ZRZY2024KJ03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research investigates precision enhancement in regional quasi-geoid refinement through ADS80 tri-linear array scanning stereoscopic imagery for aerial triangulation coupled with GNSS gravity-potential modeling. By acquiring stereoscopic imagery and analyzing triangulation accuracy using an ADS80 camera, we performed this study over the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau\u2019s elevated, desolate terrain, collecting 593 GNSS points following high-precision stereoscopic imagery modeling. By utilizing 12 gravity satellite models, we computed geoid heights and China\u2019s 1985 Yellow Sea elevations for 28 benchmarks and GNSS points, thereby refining the Qinghai Province Quasi-Geoid Model (QPQM) using geometric techniques. The findings reveal that POS-assisted ADS80 stereoscopic imagery yields high-precision triangulation with maximal horizontal and elevation accuracies of 0.083\/0.116 cm and 0.053\/0.09 cm, respectively, across five control point arrangements. The RMSE of normal heights for 1985, processed via these GNSS points, achieved decimeter precision. By applying error corrections from benchmarks to the 1985 elevation data from gravity satellites and performing weighted averaging, the precision of EGM2008, SGG-UGM-2, and SGG-UGM-1 models improved to 8.61 cm, 9.09 cm, and 9.38 cm, respectively, surpassing the QPQM by 9.22 cm to 9.99 cm. This research demonstrates that the proposed methods can significantly enhance the precision of regional quasi-geoid surfaces. Additionally, these methods offer a novel approach for rapidly establishing regional quasi-geoid models in the uninhabited areas of the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16162984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T10:28:41Z","timestamp":1723631321000},"page":"2984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing Regional Quasi-Geoid Refinement Precision: An Analytical Approach Employing ADS80 Tri-Linear Array Stereoscopic Imagery and GNSS Gravity-Potential Leveling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4611-0446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Xining 810001, China"},{"name":"Geomatics Technology and Application Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Defang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Xining 810001, China"},{"name":"Geomatics Technology and Application Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-2654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaihua","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Rendong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Xuyan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Xining 810001, China"},{"name":"Geomatics Technology and Application Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China"}]},{"given":"Sipeng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Research Center of Applied Geology of China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610065, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3536-4475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengpeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810001, China"},{"name":"Qinghai Basic Surveying and Mapping Institute, Xining 810001, China"}]},{"given":"Yongyin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai Basic Surveying and Mapping Institute, Xining 810001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Molodenski\u012d, M.S., Eremeev, V.F., and Yurkina, M.I. 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