{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T10:18:13Z","timestamp":1772273893080,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFA0604801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFA0604801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["41690142, 41801030, 41861016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41690142, 41801030, 41861016"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences","award":["SKLCS-ZZ-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLCS-ZZ-2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae, hereafter pika) is considered to exert a profound impact on vegetation species diversity of alpine grasslands. Great efforts have been made at mound or quadrat scales; nevertheless, there is still controversy about the effect of pika. It is vital to monitor vegetation species composition in natural heterogeneous ecosystems at a large scale to accurately evaluate the real role of pika. In this study, we performed field survey at 55 alpine grassland sites across the Shule River Basin using combined methods of aerial photographing using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and traditional ground measurement. Based on our UAV operation system, Fragmentation Monitoring and Analysis with aerial Photography (FragMAP), aerial images were acquired. Plot-scale vegetation species were visually identified, and total pika burrow exits were automatically retrieved using the self-developed image processing software. We found that there were significant linear relationships between the vegetation species diversity indexes obtained by these two methods. Additionally, the total number of identified species by the UAV method was 71, which was higher than the Quadrat method recognition, with the quantity of 63. Our results indicate that the UAV was suitable for long-term repeated monitoring vegetation species composition of multiple alpine grasslands at plot scale. With the merits of UAV, it confirmed that pika\u2019s disturbance belonged to the medium level, with the density ranging from 30.17 to 65.53 ha\u22121. Under this density level, pika had a positive effect on vegetation species diversity, particularly for the species richness of sedge and forb. These findings conclude that the UAV was an efficient and economic tool for species monitoring to reveal the role of pika in the alpine grasslands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12152480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T06:16:47Z","timestamp":1596435407000},"page":"2480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Species Monitoring Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Reveal the Ecological Role of Plateau Pika in Maintaining Vegetation Diversity on the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fragile Ecosystem and Environment, School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, 999 Tongjing Road, Nantong 226007, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9464-3442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geomatics and Geoinformation, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China"}]},{"given":"Zhaoye","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.164","article-title":"The Kobresia pygmaea ecosystem of the Tibetan highlands-Origin, functioning and degradation of the world\u2019s largest pastoral alpine ecosystem Kobresia pastures of Tibet","volume":"648","author":"Miehe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. 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