{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281479804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2205.11055","title":"TempLM: Distilling Language Models into Template-Based Generators","display_name":"TempLM: Distilling Language Models into Template-Based Generators","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281479804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2205.11055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.11055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11055","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11055","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11055","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437453","display_name":"Tianyi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5468-9347"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Tianyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756491","display_name":"Mina Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-7057"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Mina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078893342","display_name":"Lisa Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9109-9592"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Lisa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048371209","display_name":"Ende Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Ende","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015518638","display_name":"Tatsunori Hashimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0521-5855"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashimoto, Tatsunori B.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100437453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9571999907493591,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/template","display_name":"Template","score":0.8483859300613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8321276903152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluency","display_name":"Fluency","score":0.7615545988082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.7079458236694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6102615594863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5644108057022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5203077793121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.47730979323387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4145638942718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.34772157669067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.11468654870986938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82714645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438331","display_name":"Template","level":2,"score":0.8483859300613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8321276903152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276013","display_name":"Fluency","level":2,"score":0.7615545988082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.7079458236694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6102615594863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5644108057022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5203077793121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.47730979323387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4145638942718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.34772157669067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.11468654870986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.11055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11055","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11055","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2205.11055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2205.11055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.11055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11055","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11055","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365169615","https://openalex.org/W1970538215","https://openalex.org/W2400151637","https://openalex.org/W2975827637","https://openalex.org/W2121300814","https://openalex.org/W2354089692","https://openalex.org/W595497825","https://openalex.org/W4236323843","https://openalex.org/W2002616876","https://openalex.org/W3174418441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"pretrained":[1],"language":[2],"models":[3],"(PLMs)":[4],"have":[5,11],"greatly":[6],"improved":[7],"text":[8],"generation,":[9],"they":[10],"also":[12],"been":[13],"known":[14],"to":[15,95],"produce":[16],"unfaithful":[17],"or":[18],"inappropriate":[19],"content.":[20],"In":[21,97],"contrast,":[22],"classic":[23],"template-based":[24,52],"systems":[25],"provide":[26],"strong":[27],"guarantees":[28],"of":[29,34,43],"faithfulness":[30],"at":[31],"the":[32,41,55,69],"cost":[33],"fluency.":[35],"We":[36],"propose":[37],"TempLM,":[38],"which":[39],"achieves":[40],"best":[42],"both":[44],"worlds":[45],"by":[46],"distilling":[47],"a":[48,51,87,98],"PLM":[49,71],"into":[50],"generator.":[53],"On":[54],"E2E":[56],"and":[57,72],"SynthBio":[58],"data-to-text":[59],"datasets,":[60],"we":[61,101],"show":[62],"that":[63,103],"TempLM":[64,85],"is":[65,73],"more":[66,74],"faithful":[67],"than":[68,76],"original":[70],"fluent":[75],"prior":[77],"template":[78],"systems.":[79],"Notably,":[80],"on":[81],"an":[82],"out-of-domain":[83],"evaluation,":[84],"reduces":[86],"finetuned":[88],"BART":[89],"model's":[90],"unfaithfulness":[91],"rate":[92],"from":[93],"83%":[94],"0%.":[96],"human":[99],"study,":[100],"find":[102],"TempLM's":[104],"templates":[105],"substantially":[106],"improve":[107],"upon":[108],"human-written":[109],"ones":[110],"in":[111],"BERTScore.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}