{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390534367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","title":"Hierarchical multi-instance multi-label learning for Chinese patent text classification","display_name":"Hierarchical multi-instance multi-label learning for Chinese patent text classification","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390534367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188800","display_name":"Connection Science","issn_l":"0954-0091","issn":["0954-0091","1360-0494"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Connection Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089669626","display_name":"Yunduo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunduo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101287590","display_name":"Xu Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9810-6557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Foreign Languages, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Foreign Languages, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015300382","display_name":"Yushan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-4802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yushan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Mathematics and Big Data, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Big Data, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017875810","display_name":"Zichen Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-1675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zichen Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104223728","display_name":"Tengke Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tengke Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061581624","display_name":"Shunxiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-7593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunxiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-7593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102827469","display_name":"Yuhao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-2415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101287590"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"],"apc_list":{"value":1270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1270},"apc_paid":{"value":1270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1270},"fwci":2.2778,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88867202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7738119959831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6741698980331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6007729172706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5026981830596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4551021158695221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4303862750530243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4274798035621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3605882227420807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35454481840133667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7738119959831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6741698980331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6007729172706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5026981830596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4551021158695221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4303862750530243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4274798035621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3605882227420807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35454481840133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188800","display_name":"Connection Science","issn_l":"0954-0091","issn":["0954-0091","1360-0494"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Connection Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1484ecfec3914def9b8667d2c9cccc2b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1484ecfec3914def9b8667d2c9cccc2b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Connection Science, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09540091.2023.2295818?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188800","display_name":"Connection Science","issn_l":"0954-0091","issn":["0954-0091","1360-0494"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Connection Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5759799692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390534367.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334175399","https://openalex.org/W2505990019","https://openalex.org/W2780319800","https://openalex.org/W2885692647","https://openalex.org/W2941343812","https://openalex.org/W2971092323","https://openalex.org/W2977540023","https://openalex.org/W2979023429","https://openalex.org/W2982439297","https://openalex.org/W2983965928","https://openalex.org/W2991200391","https://openalex.org/W3005124425","https://openalex.org/W3008897601","https://openalex.org/W3028167859","https://openalex.org/W3035454789","https://openalex.org/W3081331486","https://openalex.org/W3103964911","https://openalex.org/W3172933651","https://openalex.org/W3175901146","https://openalex.org/W3194673278","https://openalex.org/W3210825252","https://openalex.org/W3211095765","https://openalex.org/W4205475534","https://openalex.org/W4285094202","https://openalex.org/W4293861233","https://openalex.org/W4297102168","https://openalex.org/W4313178318","https://openalex.org/W7104289526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W3022252430","https://openalex.org/W3103989898","https://openalex.org/W4287804464","https://openalex.org/W803346624","https://openalex.org/W2152352598","https://openalex.org/W3108539254"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,101],"further":[1],"enhance":[2,115],"the":[3,6,17,22,32,36,46,50,64,73,80,86,96,122,126,133,141,152,159,182],"accuracy":[4,183],"of":[5,75,83,98,107,136,184],"Chinese":[7,154],"patent":[8,18,23,37,155,185],"classification,":[9],"this":[10],"paper":[11],"proposes":[12],"a":[13,176],"model,":[14],"based":[15,138],"on":[16,139,151],"structure":[19],"and":[20,63,85,90,110,117,145,170],"takes":[21],"claim":[24],"as":[25,31,49,60,68],"subjects,":[26],"with":[27],"multi-instance":[28,160],"multi-label":[29,161],"learning":[30],"main":[33],"method.":[34],"Firstly,":[35],"claims":[38,57],"are":[39,58,93,112,129],"divided":[40],"into":[41],"multiple":[42,56,61,70,91],"independent":[43],"texts":[44],"using":[45],"sequence":[47],"number":[48],"splitting":[51],"token.":[52],"For":[53],"each":[54],"patent,":[55],"regarded":[59],"instances,":[62,108],"corresponding":[65],"IPCs":[66],"serve":[67],"its":[69],"labels.":[71,148],"Next,":[72],"concept":[74],"secondary_label":[76],"is":[77],"introduced":[78],"following":[79],"composition":[81],"rules":[82],"IPC,":[84],"relationships":[87,142,167],"between":[88,143,168],"instances":[89,144],"secondary_labels":[92],"mined":[94],"through":[95],"construction":[97],"fully-connected":[99],"layers.":[100],"capture":[102],"more":[103],"comprehensive":[104],"semantic":[105],"information":[106,119],"BIGRU":[109],"self-attention":[111],"employed":[113],"to":[114,131],"semantics":[116],"reduce":[118],"loss":[120],"during":[121],"training":[123],"process.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"max-pooling":[127],"operations":[128],"utilised":[130],"obtain":[132],"predicted":[134],"categories":[135],"patents":[137,169],"capturing":[140],"different":[146],"hierarchical":[147],"Experimental":[149],"results":[150],"'2017":[153],"dataset'":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"that":[158],"approach":[162],"can":[163],"effectively":[164],"mine":[165],"deeper":[166],"labels":[171],"in":[172],"classification":[173],"tasks.":[174],"As":[175],"result,":[177],"our":[178],"model":[179],"significantly":[180],"improves":[181],"text":[186],"classification.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}