{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385882054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152","title":"Lagrange multiplier adaptation at CTU-level for VVC low-delay hierarchical coding","display_name":"Lagrange multiplier adaptation at CTU-level for VVC low-delay hierarchical coding","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385882054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100639567","display_name":"Hongwei Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-1572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121919","display_name":"Honghe University","ror":"https://ror.org/036prgm77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Honghe University,School of Engineering,Mengzi,China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Honghe University,School of Engineering,Mengzi,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034427070","display_name":"Ce Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-707X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ce Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610065","display_name":"Yipeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-8781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yipeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019075005","display_name":"Yang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-9356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communication and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China","School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communication and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064786908","display_name":"Lei Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7008-4276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,School of Information and Communication Engineering,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100639567"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711","https://openalex.org/I4210121919"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8167,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71818466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lagrange-multiplier","display_name":"Lagrange multiplier","score":0.862661600112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6327598690986633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-tree-unit","display_name":"Coding tree unit","score":0.612740159034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5254737138748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate\u2013distortion-optimization","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion optimization","score":0.5227429866790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4823293387889862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.45442911982536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.4269101619720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.31145918369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2393285036087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19938960671424866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiview-video-coding","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","score":0.06862956285476685}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73684929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598870","display_name":"Lagrange multiplier","level":2,"score":0.862661600112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6327598690986633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.612740159034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5254737138748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50056821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774502","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion optimization","level":5,"score":0.5227429866790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4823293387889862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.45442911982536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.4269101619720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.31145918369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2393285036087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19938960671424866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23431618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404672","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","level":4,"score":0.06862956285476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb58369.2023.10211152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972915598","https://openalex.org/W2011426177","https://openalex.org/W2109974566","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2166951587","https://openalex.org/W2169161136","https://openalex.org/W2623587439","https://openalex.org/W2729969528","https://openalex.org/W2779040961","https://openalex.org/W2809714054","https://openalex.org/W2947628250","https://openalex.org/W2966362411","https://openalex.org/W3038557200","https://openalex.org/W3091923316","https://openalex.org/W3135530072","https://openalex.org/W3172006205","https://openalex.org/W3202918664","https://openalex.org/W4313485590","https://openalex.org/W6643421439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2735437354","https://openalex.org/W2028369661","https://openalex.org/W2615390442","https://openalex.org/W2018913503","https://openalex.org/W2895574347","https://openalex.org/W2016943965","https://openalex.org/W2046579605","https://openalex.org/W2908833932","https://openalex.org/W3081133040","https://openalex.org/W4254232196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Independent":[0],"rate-distortion":[1,17],"optimization":[2],"(RDO)":[3],"is":[4,60,88,114],"tractable":[5],"to":[6,72,98,122],"implement":[7],"in":[8,105,154],"video":[9,53],"coding,":[10],"but":[11],"it":[12],"cannot":[13],"achieve":[14],"global":[15],"optimal":[16],"performance.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"we":[22],"convert":[23],"the":[24,30,37,57,68,74,91,99,102,118,124,138,145,163],"problem":[25],"of":[26,32,40,70,101,107,140,156,165],"dependent":[27],"RDO":[28,34],"into":[29],"form":[31],"independent":[33],"by":[35,62],"adjusting":[36],"Lagrange":[38,47,125],"multiplier":[39,48,126],"a":[41,46,84,111],"coding":[42,54,75,92,128,152],"unit,":[43],"and":[44,77,94,150,168],"present":[45],"adaptation":[49],"method":[50],"for":[51],"versatile":[52],"(VVC).":[55],"Firstly,":[56],"current":[58,103],"frame":[59,104],"preencoded":[61],"an":[63],"integer-pixel":[64],"inter-picture":[65],"prediction":[66],"with":[67,90],"size":[69],"32\u00d732":[71],"obtain":[73],"distortion":[76,85,93,119],"motion":[78],"compensation":[79],"predicted":[80],"(MCP)":[81],"error.":[82],"Secondly,":[83],"effect":[86,120],"factor":[87,113,121],"estimated":[89],"MCP":[95],"error":[96],"according":[97],"location":[100],"group":[106],"picture":[108],"(GOP).":[109],"Finally,":[110],"Lagrangian":[112],"introduced":[115],"based":[116],"on":[117,137],"adjust":[123],"at":[127],"tree":[129],"unit":[130],"(CTU)":[131],"level.":[132],"Experimental":[133],"results":[134],"show":[135],"that,":[136],"platform":[139],"VVC":[141],"test":[142],"model":[143],"(VTM17.0),":[144],"proposed":[146],"algorithm":[147],"obtains":[148],"3.03%":[149],"2.34%":[151],"gains":[153],"terms":[155],"Bj\u00f8ntegaard":[157],"delta":[158],"bitrate":[159],"(BDBR),":[160],"respectively,":[161],"under":[162],"configurations":[164],"low-delay":[166],"B":[167],"P":[169],"slices.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}