{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417131577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191","title":"Movable-Element RIS: Joint Element Positioning and Beamforming Optimization","display_name":"Movable-Element RIS: Joint Element Positioning and Beamforming Optimization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417131577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Di Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6459-2867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Di Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6459-2867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013751269","display_name":"Weidong Mei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-4283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Mei","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-4283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083419277","display_name":"Zhiquan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-3691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiquan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-3691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100368134","display_name":"Na Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-182X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-182X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030858163","display_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Tampines, Singapore","Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Tampines, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455","https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37187713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"915","last_page":"919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7113999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5651999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.534500002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4697999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.43309998512268066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.758400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7113999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5651999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.534500002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4697999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.43309998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.39169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.2590999901294708}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3641191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5224594389","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025ZNSFSC0514","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G68788093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20277","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7626468217","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2021LZH003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7942264924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62511540073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W4386523965","https://openalex.org/W4387682359","https://openalex.org/W4388666110","https://openalex.org/W4391696901","https://openalex.org/W4395097211","https://openalex.org/W4399039738","https://openalex.org/W4404847753","https://openalex.org/W4408016736","https://openalex.org/W4410491912"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"can":[4],"extend":[5],"signal":[6],"coverage":[7],"and":[8,46,75,122],"improve":[9],"spectral":[10],"efficiency,":[11],"but":[12],"conventional":[13,139],"RIS":[14,43,141],"still":[15],"cannot":[16],"unlock":[17],"the":[18,22,28,52,72,80,84,87,91,119,129,138,149],"potential":[19],"in":[20,51],"improving":[21],"wireless":[23],"communication":[24],"performance":[25,49,136],"due":[26],"to":[27,61,69,78,116,148],"fixed":[29],"positions":[30,77],"of":[31,152],"their":[32],"reflecting":[33],"elements.":[34],"In":[35,65],"this":[36],"letter,":[37],"we":[38,67],"propose":[39],"a":[40,56,62,105],"new":[41],"movable-element":[42],"(ME-RIS)":[44],"architecture":[45],"investigate":[47],"its":[48],"optimization":[50,111],"downlink":[53],"transmission":[54,89],"from":[55],"multi-antenna":[57],"base":[58],"station":[59],"(BS)":[60],"single-antenna":[63],"user.":[64],"particular,":[66],"aim":[68],"jointly":[70,117],"optimize":[71],"ME-RIS\u2019s":[73,120],"beamforming":[74,121],"element":[76,123,156],"maximize":[79],"achievable":[81,134],"rate":[82,135],"at":[83,90],"user":[85],"under":[86],"maximum-ratio":[88],"BS.":[92],"Unlike":[93],"most":[94],"existing":[95],"works":[96],"relying":[97],"on":[98],"gradient-based":[99],"algorithms":[100],"for":[101],"element/antenna":[102],"position":[103],"optimization,":[104],"lower-complexity":[106],"hierarchical":[107],"quantum-behaved":[108],"particle":[109],"swarm":[110],"(QPSO)":[112],"algorithm":[113],"is":[114],"proposed":[115],"determine":[118],"positions.":[124],"Simulation":[125],"results":[126],"show":[127],"that":[128],"ME-RIS":[130],"yields":[131],"considerably":[132],"better":[133],"than":[137],"fixed-element":[140],"even":[142],"with":[143],"reflection":[144],"amplitude":[145],"loss,":[146],"thanks":[147],"available":[150],"degrees":[151],"freedom":[153],"provided":[154],"by":[155],"movement.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-08T00:00:00"}
