{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137865578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","title":"Image-processing technique for suppressing ribs in chest radiographs by means of massive training artificial neural network (MTANN)","display_name":"Image-processing technique for suppressing ribs in chest radiographs by means of massive training artificial neural network (MTANN)","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137865578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","mag":"2137865578","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16608057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050949810","display_name":"Kenji Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-8309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kurt Rossmann Laboratories for Radiologic Image Research, Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA. suzuki@uchicago.edu","Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kurt Rossmann Laboratories for Radiologic Image Research, Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA. suzuki@uchicago.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025334715","display_name":"Hiroyuki Ab\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Abe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024687283","display_name":"Heber MacMahon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. MacMahon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114910637","display_name":"Kazuteru Doi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-2737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Doi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050949810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":241,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95318898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"406","last_page":"416"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rib-cage","display_name":"Rib cage","score":0.8351693749427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.8269357681274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.5808902978897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.45897430181503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4559912383556366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-radiography","display_name":"Computed radiography","score":0.4465767443180084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.432149738073349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42853254079818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-radiography","display_name":"Digital radiography","score":0.4217664897441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.2124890387058258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16114556789398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.13390138745307922}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160306043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2576226","display_name":"Rib cage","level":2,"score":0.8351693749427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.8269357681274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.5808902978897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.45897430181503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4559912383556366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134093067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2703926","display_name":"Computed radiography","level":4,"score":0.4465767443180084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.432149738073349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42853254079818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225030","display_name":"Digital radiography","level":3,"score":0.4217664897441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.2124890387058258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16114556789398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.13390138745307922}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013382","descriptor_name":"Subtraction Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013382","descriptor_name":"Subtraction Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013382","descriptor_name":"Subtraction Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2006.871549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16608057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16608057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.589.8748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.589.8748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://suzukilab.uchicago.edu/pdfs/SuzukiEtAl-MTANNCXRRibSuppressionIEEETMI2006.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5352497","https://openalex.org/W1490366974","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1525243411","https://openalex.org/W1546509353","https://openalex.org/W1546630874","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1601680203","https://openalex.org/W1808130199","https://openalex.org/W1965479476","https://openalex.org/W1967830214","https://openalex.org/W1967923077","https://openalex.org/W1969786749","https://openalex.org/W1971735090","https://openalex.org/W1972601149","https://openalex.org/W1976727141","https://openalex.org/W1979682531","https://openalex.org/W1990923877","https://openalex.org/W1995132157","https://openalex.org/W1996106984","https://openalex.org/W1998284006","https://openalex.org/W1999202807","https://openalex.org/W2004826921","https://openalex.org/W2009501603","https://openalex.org/W2013706164","https://openalex.org/W2015056255","https://openalex.org/W2016045437","https://openalex.org/W2017133794","https://openalex.org/W2023522838","https://openalex.org/W2024715873","https://openalex.org/W2024958307","https://openalex.org/W2026322564","https://openalex.org/W2045930399","https://openalex.org/W2055225427","https://openalex.org/W2056346379","https://openalex.org/W2057070716","https://openalex.org/W2058680827","https://openalex.org/W2060479564","https://openalex.org/W2063522900","https://openalex.org/W2065764561","https://openalex.org/W2073742174","https://openalex.org/W2075100290","https://openalex.org/W2094521345","https://openalex.org/W2096734290","https://openalex.org/W2097523706","https://openalex.org/W2103311002","https://openalex.org/W2103771663","https://openalex.org/W2104775919","https://openalex.org/W2107233998","https://openalex.org/W2108361166","https://openalex.org/W2114973443","https://openalex.org/W2116070009","https://openalex.org/W2118850571","https://openalex.org/W2120903764","https://openalex.org/W2127085684","https://openalex.org/W2128392486","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2138481080","https://openalex.org/W2142514727","https://openalex.org/W2146911148","https://openalex.org/W2159574070","https://openalex.org/W2161113826","https://openalex.org/W2162511520","https://openalex.org/W2163851598","https://openalex.org/W2166116275","https://openalex.org/W2167762696","https://openalex.org/W2169182513","https://openalex.org/W2169389763","https://openalex.org/W2220151744","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W4229951323","https://openalex.org/W4388297464","https://openalex.org/W6636045111","https://openalex.org/W6638433771"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358196329","https://openalex.org/W2349180100","https://openalex.org/W2020588302","https://openalex.org/W2095388434","https://openalex.org/W2123004098","https://openalex.org/W2355385389","https://openalex.org/W2412856813","https://openalex.org/W2082252681","https://openalex.org/W2378030172","https://openalex.org/W2342555723"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0,214],"lung":[1,239,271],"nodules":[2,188,205,237,272],"overlap":[3],"with":[4,124,186,201],"ribs":[5,41,100,169,223],"or":[6],"clavicles":[7,43,171,225],"in":[8,44,211,226,268],"chest":[9,45,73,126,159,184,199,221,228,274],"radiographs,":[10,160,222],"it":[11],"can":[12,66],"be":[13,67,257],"difficult":[14],"for":[15,36,118,247,260,265],"radiologists":[16,261],"as":[17,19,92,262,264],"well":[18,263],"computer-aided":[20],"diagnostic":[21],"(CAD)":[22],"schemes":[23,267],"to":[24,139,146,164,219],"detect":[25],"these":[26],"nodules.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29,212],"paper,":[30],"we":[31,105,161],"developed":[32,106],"an":[33,190],"image-processing":[34,245],"technique":[35,91,216,246],"suppressing":[37],"the":[38,76,93,129,134,147,153,157,227,234],"contrast":[39],"of":[40,49,71,87,99,111,182,195,236,252,270],"and":[42,75,115,128,170,189,224,238],"radiographs":[46,74,127,185,200,229],"by":[47,69,85,250],"means":[48,251],"a":[50,61,88,107,177,253],"multiresolution":[51,108,112,135,254],"massive":[52],"training":[53,123],"artificial":[54],"neural":[55],"network":[56],"(MTANN).":[57],"An":[58],"MTANN":[59,109,136,255],"is":[60],"highly":[62],"nonlinear":[63],"filter":[64],"that":[65],"trained":[68],"use":[70,86],"input":[72,125],"corresponding":[77,130,158],"\"teaching\"":[78],"images.":[79,95,121,150],"We":[80,175],"employed":[81],"\"bone\"":[82],"images":[83,142,155,167],"obtained":[84],"dual-energy":[89,131],"subtraction":[90],"teaching":[94,148],"For":[96],"effective":[97],"suppression":[98,249],"having":[101],"various":[102],"spatial":[103],"frequencies,":[104],"consisting":[110,181,194],"decomposition/composition":[113],"techniques":[114],"three":[116,119],"MTANNs":[117],"different-resolution":[120],"After":[122],"bone":[132,149],"images,":[133],"was":[137,217,241],"able":[138,163],"provide":[140],"\"bone-image-like\"":[141],"which":[143],"were":[144,162,172,230],"similar":[145],"By":[151],"subtracting":[152],"bone-image-like":[154],"from":[156,207],"produce":[165],"\"soft-tissue-image-like\"":[166],"where":[168],"substantially":[173],"suppressed.":[174],"used":[176],"validation":[178],"test":[179,192],"database":[180,193],"118":[183],"pulmonary":[187,204],"independent":[191],"136":[196,202],"digitized":[197],"screen-film":[198],"solitary":[203],"collected":[206],"14":[208],"medical":[209],"institutions":[210],"study.":[213],"our":[215,244],"applied":[218],"nontraining":[220],"suppressed":[231],"substantially,":[232],"while":[233],"visibility":[235],"vessels":[240],"maintained.":[242],"Thus,":[243],"rib":[248],"would":[256],"potentially":[258],"useful":[259],"CAD":[266],"detection":[269],"on":[273],"radiographs.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
