{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210258675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","title":"Explainable CNN With Fuzzy Tree Regularization for Respiratory Sound Analysis","display_name":"Explainable CNN With Fuzzy Tree Regularization for Respiratory Sound Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210258675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/91/9785950/09690032.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/91/9785950/09690032.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393871","display_name":"Jianqiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-962X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-962X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756776","display_name":"Cheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-2150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-2150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047093288","display_name":"Jie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-1694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-1694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766125","display_name":"Heng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-5839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105608","display_name":"ShenZhen People\u2019s Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcefx46","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040283742","display_name":"Yuyan Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-0511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyan Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lingwei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105608","display_name":"ShenZhen People\u2019s Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcefx46","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335882","display_name":"Li Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-3269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105608","display_name":"ShenZhen People\u2019s Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcefx46","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-3269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105608"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010643037","display_name":"Asoke K. Nandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-2875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asoke K. Nandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-2875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100393871"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6945,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97733785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"1516","last_page":"1528"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auscultation","display_name":"Auscultation","score":0.8826576471328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7178683280944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6270051002502441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6007246375083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5111878514289856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5069206357002258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.47332558035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4597187042236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11982026696205139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777324038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779054","display_name":"Auscultation","level":2,"score":0.8826576471328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7178683280944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6270051002502441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6007246375083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5111878514289856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5069206357002258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47332558035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4597187042236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11982026696205139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/91/9785950/09690032.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/23979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/23979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3144448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/91/9785950/09690032.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1242154059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R2020A045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1366773193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZT08X603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334009","funder_display_name":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1860700528","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006157","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G258156269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20210324093808021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3332848674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R2020A045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4429118438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5403815052","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZT08X603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5737382697","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R2020A045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6246565750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZT08X603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6815789538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B151502018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7097245526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61836005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8217273170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072315","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334009","display_name":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210258675.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210258675.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513801117","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1980128308","https://openalex.org/W2028709512","https://openalex.org/W2043392634","https://openalex.org/W2046079134","https://openalex.org/W2152536757","https://openalex.org/W2158940654","https://openalex.org/W2170748564","https://openalex.org/W2191779130","https://openalex.org/W2217288692","https://openalex.org/W2399296970","https://openalex.org/W2405736740","https://openalex.org/W2508418541","https://openalex.org/W2537763288","https://openalex.org/W2565966100","https://openalex.org/W2582091297","https://openalex.org/W2619772334","https://openalex.org/W2743289088","https://openalex.org/W2754136846","https://openalex.org/W2755308984","https://openalex.org/W2764024122","https://openalex.org/W2769506033","https://openalex.org/W2770896033","https://openalex.org/W2801920224","https://openalex.org/W2804690703","https://openalex.org/W2806874342","https://openalex.org/W2903566196","https://openalex.org/W2912223386","https://openalex.org/W2921249351","https://openalex.org/W2937408455","https://openalex.org/W2963687836","https://openalex.org/W2964439653","https://openalex.org/W2966013379","https://openalex.org/W2979310190","https://openalex.org/W2979997102","https://openalex.org/W2985267475","https://openalex.org/W3004806247","https://openalex.org/W3010143093","https://openalex.org/W4297821991","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6726186668","https://openalex.org/W6739001092","https://openalex.org/W6745861399","https://openalex.org/W6752020275","https://openalex.org/W6752336104","https://openalex.org/W6757351612","https://openalex.org/W6784838754"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060948635","https://openalex.org/W1908432089","https://openalex.org/W2740337880","https://openalex.org/W2136364746","https://openalex.org/W1990925240","https://openalex.org/W3008276873","https://openalex.org/W4384470695","https://openalex.org/W3134840015","https://openalex.org/W4366979180","https://openalex.org/W3036095178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Auscultation":[0],"is":[1,14,138],"an":[2,90],"important":[3],"tool":[4],"for":[5,66],"diagnosing":[6],"respiratory-related":[7],"diseases.":[8],"Unfortunately,":[9],"the":[10,17,21,24,27,45,57,60,117,120,142],"quality":[11],"of":[12,20,26,59,105,119,135],"auscultation":[13,35],"limited":[15],"by":[16,131],"professional":[18],"level":[19],"doctor":[22],"and":[23,55,99,108,122,146],"environment":[25],"auscultation.":[28],"Some":[29],"studies":[30],"have":[31],"focused":[32],"on":[33,141],"automated":[34],"techniques.":[36],"However,":[37],"existing":[38,150],"approaches":[39],"suffer":[40],"from":[41,49],"two":[42],"challenges:":[43],"1)":[44],"models":[46,61],"cannot":[47],"learn":[48,96],"data":[50,98],"distributed":[51,97],"among":[52],"multiple":[53],"hospitals":[54],"2)":[56],"predictions":[58,118],"are":[62,113],"difficult":[63],"to":[64,95,115],"interpret":[65],"physicians.":[67,132],"To":[68],"address":[69],"this":[70,72,136],"issue,":[71],"article":[73],"proposes":[74],"a":[75],"novel":[76],"explainable":[77],"respiratory":[78],"sound":[79],"analysis":[80],"framework":[81,88,137],"with":[82,148],"fuzzy":[83],"decision":[84,111,124],"tree":[85],"regularization.":[86],"This":[87],"develops":[89],"ensemble":[91],"knowledge":[92],"distillation":[93],"technique":[94],"achieves":[100],"good":[101],"performance":[102],"in":[103],"terms":[104],"model":[106,121],"efficiency":[107],"accuracy.":[109],"Fuzzy":[110],"trees":[112],"used":[114],"explain":[116],"produce":[123],"rules":[125],"that":[126],"can":[127],"be":[128],"well":[129],"accepted":[130],"The":[133],"effectiveness":[134],"thoroughly":[139],"validated":[140],"Respiratory":[143],"Sound":[144],"database":[145],"compared":[147],"other":[149],"approaches.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}