{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119222956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","title":"Automatic ECG-based Discrimination of 20 Atrial Flutter Mechanisms: Influence of Atrial and Torso Geometries","display_name":"Automatic ECG-based Discrimination of 20 Atrial Flutter Mechanisms: Influence of Atrial and Torso Geometries","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119222956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","mag":"3119222956"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22489/cinc.2020.066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650825","display_name":"Computing in cardiology","issn_l":"2325-8861","issn":["2325-8861","2325-887X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082579774","display_name":"Giorgio Luongo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1531-4814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Luongo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061036202","display_name":"Steffen Schuler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6515-3807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Schuler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054009456","display_name":"Massimo W. Rivolta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo W Rivolta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058790709","display_name":"Olaf Doessel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-7970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olaf Doessel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039803457","display_name":"Roberto Sassi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9729-2641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Sassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039680827","display_name":"Axel Loewe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2487-4744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Axel Loewe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082579774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0485,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80349086,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torso","display_name":"Torso","score":0.9057106375694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-flutter","display_name":"Atrial flutter","score":0.8003799915313721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flutter","display_name":"Flutter","score":0.587611973285675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4258066713809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.418051540851593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2386740744113922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","score":0.22547373175621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2171766459941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.07130023837089539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerodynamics","display_name":"Aerodynamics","score":0.046469807624816895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523889960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160695","display_name":"Torso","level":2,"score":0.9057106375694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778292772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506572","display_name":"Atrial flutter","level":3,"score":0.8003799915313721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13417156","display_name":"Flutter","level":3,"score":0.587611973285675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4258066713809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.418051540851593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2386740744113922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.22547373175621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2171766459941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.07130023837089539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.046469807624816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22489/cinc.2020.066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650825","display_name":"Computing in cardiology","issn_l":"2325-8861","issn":["2325-8861","2325-887X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:air.unimi.it:2434/824343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2434/824343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400516","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","host_organization_name":"University of Milan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22489/cinc.2020.066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2020.066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650825","display_name":"Computing in cardiology","issn_l":"2325-8861","issn":["2325-8861","2325-887X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7555456852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"766082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119222956.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119222956.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1765620587","https://openalex.org/W1999184428","https://openalex.org/W2002216760","https://openalex.org/W2021151132","https://openalex.org/W2069873093","https://openalex.org/W2080554468","https://openalex.org/W2144501678","https://openalex.org/W2144876478","https://openalex.org/W2164845663","https://openalex.org/W2346701114","https://openalex.org/W2586880591","https://openalex.org/W2730689278","https://openalex.org/W2790737607","https://openalex.org/W2942807636","https://openalex.org/W3030906988","https://openalex.org/W4230460768"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1531601525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Atrial":[0],"flutter":[1],"(AFl)":[2],"is":[3,26],"a":[4,120,127],"common":[5],"heart":[6],"rhythm":[7],"disorder":[8],"driven":[9],"by":[10],"different":[11,131],"self-sustaining":[12],"electrophysiological":[13],"atrial":[14,46,142,160],"mechanisms.":[15],"In":[16],"the":[17,28,43,51,66,96,110,135,140,155,159,164,170,180],"present":[18],"work,":[19],"we":[20,41],"sought":[21],"to":[22,154,178,189],"discriminate":[23],"which":[24],"mechanism":[25],"sustaining":[27],"arrhythmia":[29],"in":[30,145],"an":[31],"individual":[32],"patient":[33],"using":[34,134],"non-invasive":[35,174],"12-lead":[36],"electrocardiogram":[37],"(ECG)":[38],"signals.":[39,67],"Specifically,":[40],"analyse":[42],"influence":[44,157],"of":[45,53,90,130],"and":[47,60,78,93,101,167,186,194],"torso":[48],"geometries":[49],"for":[50,95],"success":[52],"such":[54],"discrimination.":[55],"2,512":[56],"ECG":[57,165],"were":[58,63,71],"simulated":[59],"151":[61],"features":[62],"extracted":[64],"from":[65],"Three":[68],"classification":[69,175],"scenarios":[70],"investigated:":[72],"random":[73,97],"set":[74,98],"classification;":[75],"leave-one-atrium-out":[76],"(LOAO);":[77],"leave-onetorso-out":[79],"(LOTO).":[80],"A":[81],"radial":[82],"basis":[83],"neural":[84],"network":[85],"classifier":[86],"achieved":[87],"test":[88,114],"accuracies":[89],"89.84%,":[91],"88.98%,":[92],"59.82%":[94],"classification,":[99],"LOTO,":[100],"LOAO,":[102],"respectively.":[103],"The":[104],"most":[105],"discriminative":[106],"single":[107],"feature":[108],"was":[109],"F-wave":[111],"duration":[112],"(74%":[113],"accuracy).":[115],"Our":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119,158],"machine":[121],"learning":[122],"approach":[123],"can":[124,176],"potentially":[125],"identify":[126,179],"high":[128],"number":[129],"AFl":[132],"mechanisms":[133],"12lead":[136],"ECG.":[137],"More":[138],"than":[139],"8":[141],"models":[143],"used":[144],"this":[146],"work":[147],"should":[148],"be":[149],"included":[150],"during":[151],"training":[152],"due":[153],"significant":[156],"geometry":[161],"has":[162],"on":[163,169],"signals":[166],"thus":[168],"resulting":[171],"classification.":[172],"This":[173],"help":[177],"optimal":[181],"ablation":[182,195],"strategy,":[183],"reducing":[184],"time":[185],"resources":[187],"required":[188],"conduct":[190],"invasive":[191],"cardiac":[192],"mapping":[193],"procedures.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}