{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376957642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201","title":"Crime Risk Analysis of Tangible Cultural Heritage in China from a Spatial Perspective","display_name":"Crime Risk Analysis of Tangible Cultural Heritage in China from a Spatial Perspective","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376957642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/201/pdf?version=1684815445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/201/pdf?version=1684815445","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108769217","display_name":"Ning Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8064-7311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37448385","display_name":"China People's Public Security University","ror":"https://ror.org/05twya590","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003657233","display_name":"Yiming Zhai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112683239","display_name":"Shanghai University of Political Science and Law","ror":"https://ror.org/032gae017","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112683239"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Policing Studies, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201701, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Policing Studies, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201701, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112683239"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030946671","display_name":"Hongyu Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37448385","display_name":"China People's Public Security University","ror":"https://ror.org/05twya590","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Investigation, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","College of Investigation, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Investigation, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Investigation, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Security Behavioral Science Lab, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37448385"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003657233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112683239"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.1907,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78522396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"5","first_page":"201","last_page":"201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12644","display_name":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12644","display_name":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12364","display_name":"Archaeological Research and Protection","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.7339910268783569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.6623901128768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.6100159287452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"Tourism","score":0.5225300788879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.46278172731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4477246403694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.42204049229621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yangtze-river","display_name":"Yangtze river","score":0.41605454683303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.3704862594604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-science","display_name":"Regional science","score":0.36794668436050415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-planning","display_name":"Environmental planning","score":0.32143524289131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1419949233531952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09486529231071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.0943237841129303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.7339910268783569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.6623901128768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6100159287452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.5225300788879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.46278172731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4477246403694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42204049229621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018003528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5413","display_name":"Yangtze river","level":3,"score":0.41605454683303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3704862594604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.36794668436050415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.32143524289131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1419949233531952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09486529231071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0943237841129303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/201/pdf?version=1684815445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b9dbc194c1cd4717810c351f56a9ec29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b9dbc194c1cd4717810c351f56a9ec29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 12, Iss 5, p 201 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/12/5/201/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 12; Issue 5; Pages: 201","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050201","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/201/pdf?version=1684815445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330924","display_name":"People's Public Security University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/05twya590"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376957642.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493043756","https://openalex.org/W1969076842","https://openalex.org/W1973749534","https://openalex.org/W1987443249","https://openalex.org/W2000057866","https://openalex.org/W2011301734","https://openalex.org/W2030221054","https://openalex.org/W2047120335","https://openalex.org/W2049342250","https://openalex.org/W2052611179","https://openalex.org/W2062518320","https://openalex.org/W2075989663","https://openalex.org/W2096635897","https://openalex.org/W2143868121","https://openalex.org/W2257442567","https://openalex.org/W2280682113","https://openalex.org/W2352847337","https://openalex.org/W2595220979","https://openalex.org/W2622648140","https://openalex.org/W2624003334","https://openalex.org/W2765133097","https://openalex.org/W2766401417","https://openalex.org/W2791613831","https://openalex.org/W2891183758","https://openalex.org/W2902028233","https://openalex.org/W2905290611","https://openalex.org/W2969553181","https://openalex.org/W2992914601","https://openalex.org/W2995920186","https://openalex.org/W3045687474","https://openalex.org/W3082348958","https://openalex.org/W3103151992","https://openalex.org/W3106447854","https://openalex.org/W3107905525","https://openalex.org/W3117877332","https://openalex.org/W3121438048","https://openalex.org/W3131544260","https://openalex.org/W3133507130","https://openalex.org/W3163605947","https://openalex.org/W3173485171","https://openalex.org/W3213451140","https://openalex.org/W4237028280","https://openalex.org/W4243565376","https://openalex.org/W4245488615","https://openalex.org/W4281633726","https://openalex.org/W4297004821","https://openalex.org/W4310191647","https://openalex.org/W6629628353","https://openalex.org/W6692133666","https://openalex.org/W6745587134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391061603","https://openalex.org/W2386798499","https://openalex.org/W4388017739","https://openalex.org/W2352379149","https://openalex.org/W3216130691","https://openalex.org/W2365806741","https://openalex.org/W2273215308","https://openalex.org/W2070964676","https://openalex.org/W3148037394","https://openalex.org/W1515089658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tangible":[0],"cultural":[1,42,157],"heritage":[2,80,181],"is":[3],"vulnerable":[4],"to":[5,36,38,57,148,170],"various":[6],"risks,":[7],"particularly":[8],"those":[9],"stemming":[10],"from":[11,23,55],"criminal":[12],"activity.":[13],"Through":[14],"analyzing":[15],"the":[16,39,49,62,68,76,94,99,105,109,113,122,127,150,178],"distribution":[17,130],"and":[18,47,67,83,91,101,108,133,156,177],"flow":[19],"of":[20,41,52,93,104,131,139,164,180],"crime":[21,53,84,119,140,154,174],"risks":[22,31,54,85,120,155],"a":[24],"spatial":[25,50,123],"perspective":[26],"based":[27],"on":[28,118],"quantitative":[29,162],"methods,":[30],"can":[32,167],"be":[33,168],"better":[34],"managed":[35],"contribute":[37],"protection":[40,159],"heritage.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"explores":[46],"summarizes":[48],"characteristics":[51],"2011":[56],"2019":[58],"in":[59,89,98,121],"China.":[60],"Firstly,":[61],"average":[63],"nearest":[64],"neighbor":[65],"(ANN)":[66],"Jenks":[69],"Natural":[70],"Breaks":[71],"Classification":[72],"method":[73],"showed":[74],"that":[75],"national":[77],"key":[78],"protected":[79],"sites":[81],"(NPS)":[82],"exhibit":[86],"clustering":[87],"features":[88],"space,":[90],"most":[92],"NPS":[95],"were":[96],"located":[97],"middle":[100],"lower":[102],"reaches":[103],"Yangtze":[106],"River":[107],"Yellow":[110],"River.":[111],"Secondly,":[112],"economy":[114],"has":[115],"no":[116],"impact":[117],"statistical":[124],"analysis.":[125],"However,":[126],"population":[128],"density,":[129],"NPS,":[132],"tourism":[134],"development":[135],"influenced":[136],"specific":[137],"types":[138],"risks.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"Global":[143],"Moran\u2019s":[144],"I":[145],"was":[146],"used":[147],"examine":[149],"strong":[151],"sensitivity":[152],"between":[153],"relics":[158],"policies.":[160],"The":[161],"results":[163],"this":[165],"study":[166],"applied":[169],"improve":[171],"strategies":[172],"for":[173],"risk":[175],"prevention":[176],"effectiveness":[179],"security":[182],"policy":[183],"formulation.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}