Semi-supervised outlier detection for partially labeled numerical data using generalized multigranulation fuzzy neighborhood rough set.

Wenhao Shu

Wenhao Shu Yueming Jiang Wenbin Qian Semi-supervised outlier detection for partially labeled numerical data using generalized multigranulation fuzzy neighborhood rough set. 2026 April 174 56 Appl. Intell. 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-026-07203-3 db/journals/apin/apin56.html#ShuJQ26 streams/journals/apin

Ying Yu Bowen Li Jin Qian Wenhao Shu Duoqian Miao 0001 LIMFS: Label interaction-aware multi-label feature selection. 2026 131177 309 Expert Syst. Appl. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.131177 db/journals/eswa/eswa309.html#YuLQSM26 streams/journals/eswa

Fankang Xu Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Jintao Huang Weiping Ding 0001 Shuyin Xia Granular Ball-Guided Disambiguation for Partial Multilabel Feature Selection via Maximum Consistency Minimum Uncertainty. 2026 February 686-700 37 IEEE Trans. Neural Networks Learn. Syst. 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2025.3610795 db/journals/tnn/tnn37.html#XuQSHDX26 streams/journals/tnn

Wenhao Shu Guojing Liao Wenbin Qian Leveraging hyper-interval granules labeling and local mixed neighborhood entropy for semi-supervised feature selection. 131482 2025 657 Neurocomputing https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2025.131482 db/journals/ijon/ijon657.html#ShuLQ25 streams/journals/ijon

Wenhao Shu Jiayu Hu Wenbin Qian Weakly-supervised label distribution feature selection via label-specific features and label correlation. 2181-2201 2025 April 16 Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern. 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13042-024-02385-z db/journals/mlc/mlc16.html#ShuHQ25 streams/journals/mlc

Wenbin Qian Yanqiang Tu Jintao Huang Wenhao Shu Yiu-Ming Cheung Partial Multilabel Learning Using Noise-Tolerant Broad Learning System With Label Enhancement and Dimensionality Reduction. 3758-3772 2025 February 36 IEEE Trans. Neural Networks Learn. Syst. 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2024.3352285 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q129052646 db/journals/tnn/tnn36.html#QianTHSC25 streams/journals/tnn

Wenbin Qian Lijuan Wan Wenhao Shu Semi-supervised feature selection based on discernibility matrix and mutual information. 7278-7295 2024 July 54 Appl. Intell. 13-14 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-024-05481-3 db/journals/apin/apin54.html#QianWS24

Wenhao Shu Qiang Xia 0005 Wenbin Qian Label distribution feature selection based on label-specific features. 9195-9212 2024 October 54 Appl. Intell. 19 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-024-05668-8 db/journals/apin/apin54.html#ShuXQ24 streams/journals/apin

Wenhao Shu Yichen Hu Wenbin Qian Multi-label feature selection for missing labels by granular-ball based mutual information. 12589-12612 2024 December 54 Appl. Intell. 23 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-024-05809-z db/journals/apin/apin54.html#ShuHQ24 streams/journals/apin

Wenhao Shu Qiang Xia 0005 Wenbin Qian Neighborhood multigranulation rough sets for cost-sensitive feature selection on hybrid data. 126990 2024 January 565 Neurocomputing https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2023.126990 db/journals/ijon/ijon565.html#ShuXQ24

Wenhao Shu Dongtao Cao Wenbin Qian Shipeng Li Neighborhood relation-based incremental label propagation algorithm for partially labeled hybrid data. 6293-6339 2024 September 113 Mach. Learn. 9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-024-06560-9 db/journals/ml/ml113.html#ShuCQL24 streams/journals/ml

Wenhao Shu Ting Chen Dongtao Cao Wenbin Qian Incremental feature selection based on uncertainty measure for dynamic interval-valued data. 1453-1472 2024 April 15 Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern. 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13042-023-01977-5 db/journals/mlc/mlc15.html#ShuCCQ24

Wenhao Shu Dongtao Cao Wenbin Qian Multi-label feature selection via spectral clustering-based label enhancement and manifold distribution consistency. 4669-4693 2024 October 15 Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern. 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13042-024-02181-9 db/journals/mlc/mlc15.html#ShuCQ24 streams/journals/mlc

Fankang Xu Wenbin Qian Xingxing Cai Wenhao Shu Jintao Huang Yiu-Ming Cheung Weiping Ding 0001 Label Disambiguation-Based Feature Selection for Partial Multi-label Learning. 265-279 2024 ICPR (7) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-78183-4_17 conf/icpr/2024-7 db/conf/icpr/icpr2024-7.html#XuQCSHCD24 streams/conf/icpr Longwu Peng Wenhao Shu Multi-label feature selection based on granular ball and fuzzy neighborhood mutual information. 260-266 2024 IoTML https://doi.org/10.1145/3697467.3697656 conf/iotml/2024 db/conf/iotml/iotml2024.html#PengS24

Wenhao Shu Zhenchao Yan Jianhui Yu Wenbin Qian Information gain-based semi-supervised feature selection for hybrid data. 7310-7325 2023 March 53 Appl. Intell. 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03770-3 db/journals/apin/apin53.html#ShuYYQ23

Wenhao Shu Jianhui Yu Ting Chen Wenbin Qian Neighbourhood discernibility degree-based semisupervised feature selection for partially labelled mixed-type data with granular ball. 22467-22487 2023 October 53 Appl. Intell. 19 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04657-7 db/journals/apin/apin53.html#ShuYCQ23

Wenhao Shu Jianhui Yu Zhenchao Yan Wenbin Qian Semi-supervised feature selection for partially labeled mixed-type data based on multi-criteria measure approach. 258-279 2023 153 Int. J. Approx. Reason. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2022.11.020 db/journals/ijar/ijar153.html#ShuYYQ23

Wenbin Qian Yihui Li Qianzhi Ye Weiping Ding 0001 Wenhao Shu Disambiguation-based partial label feature selection via feature dependency and label consistency. 152-168 2023 June 94 Inf. Fusion https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2023.01.019 db/journals/inffus/inffus94.html#QianLYDS23

Wenbin Qian Jintao Huang Fankang Xu Wenhao Shu Weiping Ding 0001 A survey on multi-label feature selection from perspectives of label fusion. 101948 2023 December 100 Inf. Fusion https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2023.101948 db/journals/inffus/inffus100.html#QianHXSD23

Wenbin Qian Fankang Xu Jin Qian Wenhao Shu Weiping Ding 0001 Multi-label feature selection based on rough granular-ball and label distribution. 119698 2023 December 650 Inf. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2023.119698 db/journals/isci/isci650.html#QianXQSD23

Wenhao Shu Ting Chen Wenbin Qian Zhenchao Yan A multi-measure feature selection method for decision systems with preference relation. 3379-3392 2023 45 J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 2 https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-224474 db/journals/jifs/jifs45.html#ShuCQY23

Wenbin Qian Yanqiang Tu Jin Qian Wenhao Shu Partial multi-label learning via three-way decision-based tri-training. 110743 2023 276 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2023.110743 db/journals/kbs/kbs276.html#QianTQS23

Jintao Huang Wenbin Qian Chi-Man Vong Weiping Ding 0001 Wenhao Shu Qin Huang Multi-Label Feature Selection via Label Enhancement and Analytic Hierarchy Process. 1377-1393 2023 October 7 IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Comput. Intell. 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TETCI.2022.3231655 db/journals/tetci/tetci7.html#HuangQVDSH23

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Yonghong Xie Incremental neighborhood entropy-based feature selection for mixed-type data under the variation of feature set. 4792-4806 2022 52 Appl. Intell. 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02526-9 db/journals/apin/apin52.html#ShuQX22

Wenhao Shu Zhenchao Yan Ting Chen Jianhui Yu Wenbin Qian Information granularity-based incremental feature selection for partially labeled hybrid data. 33-56 2022 26 Intell. Data Anal. 1 https://doi.org/10.3233/IDA-205560 db/journals/ida/ida26.html#ShuYCYQ22

Wenbin Qian Yinsong Xiong Jun Yang Wenhao Shu Feature selection for label distribution learning via feature similarity and label correlation. 38-59 2022 582 Inf. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2021.08.076 db/journals/isci/isci582.html#QianXYS22

Xuandong Long Wenbin Qian Yinglong Wang Wenhao Shu Cost-sensitive feature selection on multi-label data via neighborhood granularity and label enhancement. 2210-2232 2021 51 Appl. Intell. 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01993-w db/journals/apin/apin51.html#LongQWS21

Junchao Li Wenhao Shu Yanan Yang Ran Yan Parametric modeling and performance analysis of a personalized insole based on 3D scanning and selective laser sintering. 936-945 2020 33 Int. J. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 9 https://doi.org/10.1080/0951192X.2020.1815849 db/journals/ijcim/ijcim33.html#LiSYY20

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Yonghong Xie Incremental feature selection for dynamic hybrid data using neighborhood rough set. 105516 2020 194 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.105516 db/journals/kbs/kbs194.html#ShuQX20

Wenbin Qian Jintao Huang Yinglong Wang Wenhao Shu Mutual information-based label distribution feature selection for multi-label learning. 105684 2020 195 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.105684 db/journals/kbs/kbs195.html#QianHWS20

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Yonghong Xie Knowledge Acquisition Approach Based on Incremental Objects From Data With Missing Values. 54863-54878 2019 7 IEEE Access https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2913312 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q127950434 db/journals/access/access7.html#ShuQX19

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Yonghong Xie Zhaoping Tang An Efficient Uncertainty Measure-based Attribute Reduction Approach for Interval-valued Data with Missing Values. 931-947 2019 27 Int. J. Uncertain. Fuzziness Knowl. Based Syst. 6 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218488519500417 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q126808476 db/journals/ijufks/ijufks27.html#ShuQXT19

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Yonghong Xie Incremental approaches for feature selection from dynamic data with the variation of multiple objects. 320-331 2019 163 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2018.08.028 db/journals/kbs/kbs163.html#ShuQX19

Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Attribute reduction in incomplete ordered information systems with fuzzy decision. 242-253 2018 73 Appl. Soft Comput. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2018.08.032 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q129302532 db/journals/asc/asc73.html#QianS18

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Jun Yang An efficient approximation algorithm for the extension facility location problem on torus internetwork topology. 189-196 2018 9 Int. J. Comput. Sci. Math. 2 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCSM.2018.10012785 db/journals/ijcsm/ijcsm9.html#ShuQY18

Lisha Peng Wenbin Qian Yinglong Wang Wenhao Shu A Three-Way Decisions Approach for Computing Approximations in Continuous Data. 374-380 2018 FSDM https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-927-0-374 conf/fsdm/2018 db/conf/fsdm/fsdm2018.html#PengQWS18 Qin Huang Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Binglong Wu Shuangshuang Feng Multi-Label Cost-Sensitive Feature Selection Algorithm In Incomplete Data. 56-62 2018 ICMLC https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMLC.2018.8526938 conf/icmlc/2018 db/conf/icmlc/icmlc2018.html#HuangQSWF18 Wenbin Qian Jun Yang Wenhao Shu Hong Deng Jun Liu Approximate optimization for facility location on two-dimensional internetwork topology. 1905-1909 2017 ICNC-FSKD https://doi.org/10.1109/FSKD.2017.8393058 conf/icnc/2017 db/conf/icnc/icnc2017.html#QianYSDL17 Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Jun Liu Yinglong Wang Feature Selection based on Discernibility Function in Incomplete Data with Fuzzy Decision. 899-904 2017 ICTAI https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2017.00139 https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2017.00139 conf/ictai/2017 db/conf/ictai/ictai2017.html#QianSLW17

Ke Ji Runyuan Sun Xiang Li Wenhao Shu Improving matrix approximation for recommendation via a clustering-based reconstructive method. 912-920 2016 173 Neurocomputing https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.08.046 db/journals/ijon/ijon173.html#JiSLS16

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Changsheng Zhang 0005 Feature Selection from the Perspective of Knowledge Granulation in Dynamic Set-valued Information System. 783-798 2016 32 J. Inf. Sci. Eng. 3 http://www.iis.sinica.edu.tw/page/jise/2016/201605_15.html db/journals/jise/jise32.html#ShuQZ16

Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 Multi-criteria feature selection on cost-sensitive data with missing values. 268-280 2016 51 Pattern Recognit. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2015.09.016 db/journals/pr/pr51.html#ShuS16

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian An incremental approach to attribute reduction from dynamic incomplete decision systems in rough set theory. 116-132 2015 100 Data Knowl. Eng. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2015.06.009 db/journals/dke/dke100.html#ShuQ15

Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Mutual information criterion for feature selection from incomplete data. 210-220 2015 168 Neurocomputing https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.05.105 db/journals/ijon/ijon168.html#QianS15

Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Yonghong Xie Bingru Yang Jun Yang Feature Selection using Compact Discernibility Matrix-based Approach in Dynamic Incomplete Decision System. 509-527 2015 31 J. Inf. Sci. Eng. 2 http://www.iis.sinica.edu.tw/page/jise/2014/2015/201503_09.html db/journals/jise/jise31.html#QianSXYY15

Ke Ji Runyuan Sun Wenhao Shu Xiang Li Next-song recommendation with temporal dynamics. 134-143 2015 88 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2015.07.039 db/journals/kbs/kbs88.html#JiSSL15

Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Jun Yang Yinglong Wang Cost-Sensitive Feature Selection on Heterogeneous Data. 397-408 2015 PAKDD (2) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18032-8_31 conf/pakdd/2015-2 db/conf/pakdd/pakdd2015-2.html#QianSYW15

Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 Updating attribute reduction in incomplete decision systems with the variation of attribute set. 867-884 2014 55 Int. J. Approx. Reason. 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2013.09.015 db/journals/ijar/ijar55.html#ShuS14

Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian A fast approach to attribute reduction from perspective of attribute measures in incomplete decision systems. 60-71 2014 72 Knowl. Based Syst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2014.08.024 db/journals/kbs/kbs72.html#ShuQ14

Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 Incremental feature selection based on rough set in dynamic incomplete data. 3890-3906 2014 47 Pattern Recognit. 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2014.06.002 db/journals/pr/pr47.html#ShuS14

Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu Yinglong Wang A Consistency-Based Dimensionality Reduction Algorithm in Incomplete Data. 576-583 2014 APWeb https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11116-2_54 conf/apweb/2014 db/conf/apweb/apweb2014.html#QianSW14 Wenhao Shu Wenbin Qian Mutual Information-Based Feature Selection from Set-Valued Data. 733-739 2014 ICTAI https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2014.114 https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2014.114 conf/ictai/2014 db/conf/ictai/ictai2014.html#ShuQ14 Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 Yingpeng Sang Yidong Li Jun Wu 0007 A New Evaluation Function for Entropy-Based Feature Selection from Incomplete Data. 98-109 2014 PAKDD (2) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06605-9_9 conf/pakdd/2014-2 db/conf/pakdd/pakdd2014-2.html#ShuSSLW14

Wenhao Shu A Fast Algorithm for Facility Location Problem. 2360-2366 2013 8 J. Softw. 9 https://doi.org/10.4304/jsw.8.9.2360-2366 http://www.jsoftware.us/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=88&id=1445 db/journals/jsw/jsw8.html#Shu13

Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 A rough-set based incremental approach for updating attribute reduction under dynamic incomplete decision systems. 1-7 2013 FUZZ-IEEE https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2013.6622431 conf/fuzzIEEE/2013 db/conf/fuzzIEEE/fuzzIEEE2013.html#ShuS13 Wenhao Shu Hong Shen 0001 Incremental Attribute Reduction in Incomplete Decision Systems. 250-254 2012 PAAP https://doi.org/10.1109/PAAP.2012.42 conf/paap/2012 db/conf/paap/paap2012.html#ShuS12

Zhangyan Xu Shichao Shang 0001 Wenbin Qian Wenhao Shu A method for fuzzy risk analysis based on the new similarity of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. 1920-1927 2010 37 Expert Syst. Appl. 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.07.015 db/journals/eswa/eswa37.html#XuSQS10

Zhangyan Xu Bo Yang Wenhao Shu Bingru Yang Efficient Algorithm for Attribute Reduction of Incomplete Information Systems Based on Assignment Matrix. 787-796 2009 ICFIE https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03664-4_86 conf/icfie/2009 db/conf/icfie/icfie2009.html#XuYSY09 Zhangyan Xu Wenhao Shu Bo Yang New Algorithm for Computing the Core Based on Information Entropy. 383-386 2009 ISCID (2) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCID.2009.242 https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ISCID.2009.242 conf/iscid/2009 db/conf/iscid/iscid2009-2.html#XuSY09

Kei Yuen Hung Robert Wing Pong Luk Daniel S. Yeung Korris Fu-Lai Chung Wenhao Shu A multiple classifier approach to detect Chinese character recognition errors. 723-738 2005 38 Pattern Recognit. 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2004.09.004 db/journals/pr/pr38.html#HungLYCS05

Guoliang Qian Daniel S. Yeung Eric C. C. Tsang Wenhao Shu Feature Selection For Chinese Character Recognition Based On Inductive Learning. 1453-1471 2004 18 Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell. 8 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218001404003836 db/journals/ijprai/ijprai18.html#QianYTS04

Daniel S. Yeung Hank-Shun Fong Eric C. C. Tsang Wenhao Shu Xiaolong Wang 0001 An Approach To Natural Stroke Extraction For Off-Line Loosely-Constrained Handwritten Chinese Characters. 1483-1513 2003 17 Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell. 8 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218001403002988 db/journals/ijprai/ijprai17.html#YeungFTSW03

Kei Yuen Hung Robert W. P. Luk Daniel S. Yeung Korris Fu-Lai Chung Wenhao Shu Determination of Context Window Size. 71-80 2001 14 Int. J. Comput. Process. Orient. Lang. 1 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219427901000291 db/journals/ijcpol/ijcpol14.html#HungLYCS01

Kei Yuen Hung Robert Wing Pong Luk Daniel S. Yeung Korris Fu-Lai Chung Wenhao Shu Detection of Language (Model) Errors. 2000 EMNLP https://aclanthology.org/W00-1311/ https://doi.org/10.3115/1117794.1117805 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q130801740 conf/emnlp/2000 db/conf/emnlp/emnlp2000.html#HungLYCS00 87-94 Wenhao Shu Daming Shi 0001 Guoliang Qian Fusi Wang An extension matrix approach to Chinese character recognition. 2763-2768 2000 SMC https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.2000.884415 conf/smc/2000 db/conf/smc/smc2000.html#ShuSQW00 Daming Shi 0001 Wenhao Shu Haitao Liu Feature selection for handwritten Chinese character recognition based on genetic algorithms. 4201-4206 1998 SMC https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1998.727504 conf/smc/1998 db/conf/smc/smc1998.html#0001SL98 Daming Shi 0001 Jianglong Tang Wenhao Shu Traverse Features and Structural Features in Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition. 131-137 1996 conf/mta/1996 Multimedia Technology and Applications db/conf/mta/mta96.html#ShiTS96 Wenhao Shu Guo-wei Cui Ri-hua Zhao An accurate method for recognition of printed Chinese characters. 908-910 1988 ICPR https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.1988.28397 https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICPR.1988.28397 conf/icpr/1988 db/conf/icpr/icpr1988.html#ShuCZ88 Wenhao Shu Dong-min Guo A Prototype of Multi-Font Printed Chinese Character Reader. 319-322 1988 MVA http://www.mva-org.jp/Proceedings/CommemorativeDVD/1988/papers/1988319.pdf conf/mva/1988 db/conf/mva/mva1988.html#ShuG88 Xingxing Cai Dongtao Cao Ting Chen Yiu-Ming Cheung Korris Fu-Lai Chung Guo-wei Cui Hong Deng Weiping Ding 0001 Shuangshuang Feng Hank-Shun Fong Dong-min Guo Jiayu Hu Yichen Hu Jintao Huang Qin Huang Kei Yuen Hung Ke Ji Yueming Jiang Bowen Li Junchao Li Shipeng Li Xiang Li Yidong Li Yihui Li Guojing Liao Haitao Liu Jun Liu Xuandong Long Robert Wing Pong LukRobert W. P. Luk Duoqian Miao 0001 Lisha Peng Longwu Peng Guoliang Qian Jin Qian Wenbin Qian Yingpeng Sang Hong Shen 0001 Daming Shi 0001 Runyuan Sun Jianglong Tang Zhaoping Tang Eric C. C. Tsang Yanqiang Tu Chi-Man Vong Lijuan Wan Fusi Wang Xiaolong Wang 0001 Yinglong Wang Binglong Wu Jun Wu 0007 Qiang Xia 0005 Shuyin Xia Yonghong Xie Yinsong Xiong Fankang Xu Zhangyan Xu Ran Yan Zhenchao Yan Bingru Yang Bo Yang Jun Yang Yanan Yang Qianzhi Ye Daniel S. Yeung Jianhui Yu Ying Yu Changsheng Zhang 0005 Shichao Zhang 0001Shichao Shang 0001 Ri-hua Zhao