RESUMEN Se evaluó la efectividad de Pseudomonas donghuensis y Bacillus subtilis para el control de Fusarium oxysporum y Pythium aphanidermatum causantes del ahogamiento de plántulas de chile en invernadero. Se comprobó su patogenicidad para ocasionar la enfermedad y se realizaron pruebas de antagonismo en placas con PDA enriquecido. Mediante la confrontación in vitro de estos fitopatógenos con tres cepas de Bacillus subtilis se comprobó que este esporulado inhibió en mayor o menor grado (39.35- 56.24 %) el crecimiento micelial de F. oxysporum, pero no tuvo efecto alguno para P. aphanidermatum, ningún Bacillus inhibió a este Oomycete, debido a su rápido crecimiento en la placa de cultivo (36 h de incubación). En contraste P. donghuensis inhibió en un 56 % el crecimiento de P. aphanidermatum, y no presentó efecto inhibitorio para F. oxysporum, por lo que la mezcla de ambos antagonistas pudiera tener potencial para el control de los problemas de ahogamiento ‘‘Damping off” causados por estos fitopatógenos.
ABSTRACT The effectiveness of the Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas donghuensis strains for the control of Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium aphanidermatum, which cause the drowning of chili seedlings in the greenhouse, was evaluated. Its pathogenicity to cause the disease was verified and antagonism tests were obtained in culture plates with enriched PDA. Through the in vitro confrontation of these phytopathogens with three strains of the species Bacillus subtilis, it was observed that this sporulate has the capacity to inhibit to a greater or lesser degree (39.35- 56.24 %) the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum, but not the from P. aphanidermatum, none of the Bacillus isolates used in this study had an effect in inhibiting this Oomycete, since it grew faster than the spore-forming bacteria, since P. aphanidermatum developed and grew to fill the culture plate in just 36 hours. On the other hand, P. donghuensis inhibited the growth of this last phytopathogen by 56 %, however, it did not present an inhibition effect against F. oxysporum, so it could be feasible to use mixtures of these two antagonists for the management of this disease and be able to control Damping off problems caused by these phytopathogens.
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