Since the destruction of cultural heritage is a main target in identity armed conflicts to produce cultural cleansing, there is a growing consensus in the International Community on the protection and respect of cultural diversity and the promotion of cultural pluralism. As recent experiences in the field -mainly the United Nations Mission in Mali- have shown, the closest possible cooperation between the United Nations and UNESCO to incorporate the protection and respect of culture into humanitarian action, security strategies and peace-building processes through UN peacekeeping operations is essential: Both on underlining the role of peacekeeping operations on the protection of cultural heritage and diversity and on enhancing the respect of cultural heritage by peacekeeping operations themselves.
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