This chapter aims to prove that explicit teaching of derivational morphology (DM) in the second language (L2) Spanish classroom is necessary for students to develop morphological awareness skills, present the current situation of DM teaching in L2 Spanish courses and textbooks and suggest some pedagogical practices that can be easily implemented in the classroom. The development of morphological awareness (MA), as the ability to recognize and manipulate morphemes, has been proven to be key in L2 vocabulary learning and lexical inferencing. The fact that L2 learners seem to develop MA to different extents and that inaccurate use of such knowledge can lead to incorrect inferences of word meanings should be sufficient to advocate for the explicit teaching of morphological skills in L2 classrooms. Interestingly, contrary to the situation in English, Spanish frequency lists and vocabulary tests are based on lemmas and not word families.
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