Determination of non-IgE antibodies and expression of cytokine and FoxP3 genes in asthma

• Orraca-Castillo, Odalys ^[1] ; Blanco Valdés, Tatiana Margarita ^[2] ; Pérez Díaz, Ana Beatriz ^[3] ; Sierra Vázquez, Beatriz ^[3] ; Miló-Valdés, Carlos Alfredo ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”. Pinar del Río, Cuba.
  2. [2] Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente “Pepe Portilla”. Departamento de Inmunología. Pinar del Río, Cuba.
  3. [3] Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí (IPK). Departamento de Virología. La Habana, Cuba.

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• Localización: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias, ISSN-e 2953-4860, Vol. 2, Nº. 0, 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias)
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Introduction: the inflammatory cascade in asthma involves cells of the innate and adaptive response of the immune system, in addition to molecular mediators such as antibodies, cytokines, chemokines, and costimulatory and regulatory signals corresponding to each of the cellular subpopulations that orchestrate this process.

    Objective: to determine the concentration of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies and the expression of cytokine genes TNFα, IFNγ, TGF-β 1, IL-10, IL-1 α, IL-1β and IL-6 and transcription factor FoxP3 in blood mononuclear cells stimulated in vitro, case-control studies were carried out in asthmatic children and adults respectively.

    Methods: the study was conducted in Pinar del Río, Cuba, from 2015 to 2019. Samples were taken from 735 asthmatic children for antibody quantification. For the expression of cytokine genes, samples were taken from 18 adults from the Immunology clinic.

    Results: significant differences were found in increasing order of IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies in favor of asthmatic children; and lower values of cytokine and FoxP3 expression in adult asthmatics. A predominance of a Th1 pattern was observed in controls compared to asthmatics, where the latter's predisposition to a Th2 response pattern is known. Therefore, the lower expression of non-Th2 cytokine genes suggests complex cellular and molecular interactions in asthmatic adults.

    Conclusions: a lower expression of cytokines other than Th2 was evident in the blood mononuclear cells of adult asthmatics.