Soft power allows a nation to influence others' preferences and behaviors through attraction rather than coercion. Krzymowski (2022) recommends the UAE's foreign aid program as a soft power tool to achieve the SDGs. Strategically distributing aid has helped the UAE improve its global reputation and influence international relations and policies. This strategy involves significant public policy investments to boost soft power and cultural and diplomatic efforts to promote the UAE's dynamic and cosmopolitan image. Only some people like the UAE's soft power. Matheson (2020) criticizes the UAE's digital authoritarianism, arguing that online restrictions could damage its soft power by tarnishing its progressive image. Despite this, the UAE's infrastructure projects like the Burj Khalifa and Palm Islands boost its global standing. Some of the UAE's soft power initiatives are effective, but they also face unique challenges and criticisms.
To develop soft power, the UAE uses its multicultural diversity and promotes cultural exchange and tolerance. A large Indian diaspora and other expatriate communities, along with Dubai Expo 2020, boost its cultural and economic status. Educational partnerships and international workforce integration boost UAE soft power. These efforts, along with strong economic and diplomatic ties with India, show the UAE's comprehensive approach to global influence.
Public diplomacy, while essential for soft power, has drawbacks. As foreign policy becomes ineffective, it may fail due to consistency and shifting goals. This instability can make public diplomacy too tied to changing political agendas. Public diplomacy addresses many issues with different goals, making it hard to evaluate. Understanding public diplomacy's history and methods helps explain why practitioners sometimes fail. Power in international relations is complex, with public diplomacy competing with hard power strategies, making its assessment and application difficult. The UAE's public diplomacy efforts to boost soft power need to be studied more, as are the moderating and mediating effects of various factors. Previous studies focused on the direct relationship between public diplomacy and soft power without considering the complex effects on international relations. We need to study how media and communication affect this relationship and how UAE citizens view their nation's public diplomacy. The study incorporates these dimensions to create a sustainable national-context soft power framework model, filling research gaps and analyzing the UAE's soft power strategies and their global impact...
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