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{{also|Dame|damé|dáme|Damɛ}}
{{also|Dame|damé|dáme|Damɛ|da'me}}
==English==
==English==
{{was wotd|2018|December|9}}
{{was wotd|2018|December|9}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{dercat|en|itc-pro|ine-pro}}
[[File:Judi Dench at the BAFTAs 2007.jpg|thumb|English actress Dame {{w|Judi Dench}} at the {{w|60th British Academy Film Awards}} in February 2007. Dench was appointed Dame Commander of the {{w|Order of the British Empire}} in 1988, and thus uses the title “Dame” ''(sense 1)'']]
[[File:Judi Dench at the BAFTAs 2007.jpg|thumb|English actress Dame {{w|Judi Dench}} at the {{w|60th British Academy Film Awards}} in February 2007. Dench was appointed Dame Commander of the {{w|Order of the British Empire}} in 1988, and thus uses the title “Dame” ''(sense 1)'']]


From {{inh|en|enm|dame}}, {{m|enm|dam||noble lady}}, from {{der|en|fro|dame||lady; term of address for a woman; the queen in card games and chess}}, from {{der|en|la|domina||mistress of the house}},<ref>{{R:MED Online|entry=dāme|pos=n|id=MED10521|accessdate=16 February 2018}}</ref> {{glossary|feminine}} form of {{m|la|dominus||lord, master, ruler; owner of a residence}}, ultimately either from {{der|en|ine-pro|*demh₂-||to domesticate, tame}} or from {{der|en|la|domus||home, house}} (ultimately from {{der|en|ine-pro|*dem-||to build (up)}}). {{doublet|en|domina|donna}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|dame}}, {{m|enm|dam||noble lady}}, from {{der|en|fro|dame||lady; term of address for a woman; the queen in card games and chess}}, from {{der|en|la|domina||mistress of the house}},<ref>{{R:MED Online|entry=dāme|pos=n|id=MED10521|accessdate=16 February 2018}}</ref> {{glossary|feminine}} form of {{m|la|dominus||lord, master, ruler; owner of a residence}}, or from {{der|en|la|domus||home, house}}. {{doublet|en|domina|donna}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|RP|GA}} {{IPA|en|/deɪm/}}
* {{IPA|en|/deɪm/|a=RP,GA}}
* {{audio|en|en-au-dame.ogg|Audio (AU)}}
* {{audio|en|en-au-dame.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|eɪm|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|en|eɪm|s=1}}


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# {{lb|en|Britain}} ''Usually capitalized as'' '''{{l|en|Dame}}''': a [[title#Noun|title]] [[equivalent]] to [[Sir]] for a [[female#Adjective|female]] [[knight#Noun|knight]].
# {{lb|en|Britain}} ''Usually capitalized as'' '''{{l|en|Dame}}''': a [[title#Noun|title]] [[equivalent]] to [[Sir]] for a [[female#Adjective|female]] [[knight#Noun|knight]].
#: {{ux|en|'''Dame''' Edith Sitwell}}
#: {{ux|en|'''Dame''' Edith Sitwell}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Marcia Pointon|authorlink=Marcia Pointon|chapter=Something Rich and Strange|title=Brilliant Effects: A Cultural History of Gem Stones and Jewellery|location=New Haven, Conn.; London|publisher=Published for the {{w|Paul Mellon Center for Studies in British Art}} by {{w|Yale University Press}}|year=2009|section=part 1 (Stories Touching Stones)|page=144|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=fs9GAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA144|isbn=978-0-300-14278-5|passage=The cover of the modern {{smallcaps|cd}}, issued by EMI Classics with '''Dame''' {{w|Janet Baker}} and Sir {{w|John Barbirolli}} in 1965, carries a portrait of '''Dame''' Janet wearing a long coral necklace in reference to the song 'Where the Corals lie' to words by [[w:Richard Garnett (writer)|Richard Garnett]] (1835–1906).}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Marcia Pointon|chapter=Something Rich and Strange|title=Brilliant Effects: A Cultural History of Gem Stones and Jewellery|location=New Haven, Conn.; London|publisher=Published for the {{w|Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art}} by {{w|Yale University Press}}|year=2009|section=part 1 (Stories Touching Stones)|page=144|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=fs9GAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA144|isbn=978-0-300-14278-5|passage=The cover of the modern {{smallcaps|cd}}, issued by EMI Classics with '''Dame''' {{w|Janet Baker}} and Sir {{w|John Barbirolli}} in 1965, carries a portrait of '''Dame''' Janet wearing a long coral necklace in reference to the song 'Where the Corals lie' to words by [[w:Richard Garnett (writer)|Richard Garnett]] (1835–1906).}}
# {{lb|en|Britain}} A [[matron]] at a [[school#Noun|school]], especially {{w|Eton College}}.
# {{lb|en|Britain}} A [[matron]] at a [[school#Noun|school]], especially {{w|Eton College}}.
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Paul Shrimpton|chapter=Darnell’s School|title=A Catholic Eton?: Newman’s Oratory School|location=Leominster, Herefordshire|publisher=Gracewing|year=2005|page=88|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=q6yhgA-nHAMC&pg=PA88|isbn=978-0-85244-661-4|passage=Even though the '''dames'''’ houses were being gradually phased out at Eton, [[w:John Henry Newman|[John Henry] Newman]] was enthusiastic about the arrangement since it met one of the promoters’ key demands; besides, he had experienced something similar as a boy at Ealing School, where the boarding houses were also under the jurisdiction of '''dames'''. The Ealing '''dames''' ensured that boys were properly dressed and cared for them when sick, and they also ran the tuck shops.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Paul Shrimpton|chapter=Darnell’s School|title=A Catholic Eton?: Newman’s Oratory School|location=Leominster, Herefordshire|publisher=Gracewing|year=2005|page=88|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=q6yhgA-nHAMC&pg=PA88|isbn=978-0-85244-661-4|passage=Even though the '''dames'''’ houses were being gradually phased out at Eton, [[w:John Henry Newman|[John Henry] Newman]] was enthusiastic about the arrangement since it met one of the promoters’ key demands; besides, he had experienced something similar as a boy at Ealing School, where the boarding houses were also under the jurisdiction of '''dames'''. The Ealing '''dames''' ensured that boys were properly dressed and cared for them when sick, and they also ran the tuck shops.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=David Noy|chapter=Parents, Childhood, Youth (1739–1760)|title=[[w:Samuel Johnson|Dr Johnson]]’s Friend and {{w|Robert Adam}}’s Client Topham Beauclerk|location=Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|year=2016|page=14|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApX6DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA14|isbn=978-1-4438-9037-3|passage=As he [Fréderic Guyaz] worked for [[w:Topham Beauclerk|Topham [Beauclerk]]] while he was at Eton, it is likely that Topham was a day-boarder there, living at home in Windsor. His Eton "'''dame'''" was Mrs. Bland; day-boarders were allocated to a '''dame''' at whose house they took their meals.|footer={{small|Windsor is on the opposite side of the River Thames from Eton.}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=David Noy|chapter=Parents, Childhood, Youth (1739–1760)|title=[[w:Samuel Johnson|Dr Johnson]]’s Friend and {{w|Robert Adam}}’s Client Topham Beauclerk|location=Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|year=2016|page=14|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApX6DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA14|isbn=978-1-4438-9037-3|passage=As he [Fréderic Guyaz] worked for [[w:Topham Beauclerk|Topham [Beauclerk]]] while he was at Eton, it is likely that Topham was a day-boarder there, living at home in Windsor. His Eton "'''dame'''" was Mrs. Bland; day-boarders were allocated to a '''dame''' at whose house they took their meals.|footer={{small|Windsor is on the opposite side of the River Thames from Eton.}}}}
# {{lb|en|Britain|theater}} In [[traditional]] [[pantomime]]: a [[melodramatic]] [[female#Noun|female]] often [[play#Verb|played]] by a [[man#Noun|man]] in [[drag#Noun|drag]].
# {{lb|en|Britain|theater}} In [[traditional]] [[pantomime]]: a [[melodramatic]] [[female#Noun|female]] often [[play#Verb|played]] by a [[man#Noun|man]] in [[drag#Noun|drag]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|title=English Pantomime. In Two Parts.—Part II.|editors=[[w:William Chambers (publisher)|William]] and [[w:Robert Chambers (publisher, born 1802)|Robert Chambers]]|magazine=[[w:Chambers's Edinburgh Journal|Chambers’s Journal of Popular Literature, Science and Art]]|location=London; Edinburgh|publisher=W. & R. Chambers|date=29 January 1870|volume=VII (Fourth Series)|issue=318|section=chapter X|pages=73 and 74|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73|oclc=793924257|passage=&#91;[https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73 page 73, column 2]&#93; ''Mother Goose'' was produced on the 29th of December; Simmons playing the Old '''Dame'''; {{...}} &#91;[https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73 page 74, column 1]&#93; Bugle condemns her to the ducking-stool, a sentence opposed by Colin, who espouses the cause of the Old '''Dame''', who, escaping from her persecutors, puts an end to the wedding festivities by raising the ghost of the Squire's first wife.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|title=English Pantomime. In Two Parts.—Part II.|editors=[[w:William Chambers (publisher)|William]]; [[w:Robert Chambers (publisher, born 1802)|Robert Chambers]]|magazine=[[w:Chambers's Edinburgh Journal|Chambers’s Journal of Popular Literature, Science and Art]]|location=London; Edinburgh|publisher=W. & R. Chambers|date=29 January 1870|volume=VII (Fourth Series)|issue=318|section=chapter X|pages=73 and 74|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73|oclc=793924257|passage=&#91;[https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73 page 73, column 2]&#93; ''Mother Goose'' was produced on the 29th of December; Simmons playing the Old '''Dame'''; {{...}} &#91;[https://books.google.com/books?id=wQTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA73 page 74, column 1]&#93; Bugle condemns her to the ducking-stool, a sentence opposed by Colin, who espouses the cause of the Old '''Dame''', who, escaping from her persecutors, puts an end to the wedding festivities by raising the ghost of the Squire's first wife.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Maureen Hughes|chapter=Welcome to the Magical World of Pantomime|title=A History of Pantomime|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire|publisher=[[w:Pen and Sword Books|Pen & Sword History]]|year=2013|page=34|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Utk7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|isbn=978-1-84468-077-1|passage=The '''Dame''' in a Panto is generally a large, gregarious and out-going man who plays the part of a large, gregarious and out-going woman. {{...}} Every successful actor who plays the part of '''Dame''' in Panto knows that the secret of his success is that it should be obvious that it is a man playing a part, for this is not a Drag act; the intention is not to be as womanly as possible, but always to be 'a feller in a frock'. {{...}} Oh how everyone loves the Panto '''Dame''' for she ''is'' Panto.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Maureen Hughes|chapter=Welcome to the Magical World of Pantomime|title=A History of Pantomime|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire|publisher=[[w:Pen and Sword Books|Pen & Sword History]]|year=2013|page=34|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Utk7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|isbn=978-1-84468-077-1|passage=The '''Dame''' in a Panto is generally a large, gregarious and out-going man who plays the part of a large, gregarious and out-going woman. {{...}} Every successful actor who plays the part of '''Dame''' in Panto knows that the secret of his success is that it should be obvious that it is a man playing a part, for this is not a Drag act; the intention is not to be as womanly as possible, but always to be 'a feller in a frock'. {{...}} Oh how everyone loves the Panto '''Dame''' for she ''is'' Panto.}}
# {{lb|en|US|dated|informal|slightly|derogatory}} A [[woman]].
# {{lb|en|US|dated|informal|slightly|derogatory}} A [[woman]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Guy Wetmore Carryl|authorlink=Guy Wetmore Carryl|chapter=|title=The Lieutenant-Governor: A Novel|location=Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.|publisher=[[w:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|Houghton, Mifflin and Company]]; [[w:Riverside Publishing|Riverside Press]], Cambridge [Mass.]|month=March|year=1903|page=37|pageurl=https://archive.org/stream/lieutenantgovern00carriala#page/37/mode/1up|oclc=2223403|passage=I can see that would be the kind of a chap that the '''dames''' would stand for everlastingly.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Guy Wetmore Carryl|chapter=|title=The Lieutenant-Governor: A Novel|location=Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.|publisher=[[w:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|Houghton, Mifflin and Company]]; [[w:Riverside Publishing|Riverside Press]], Cambridge [Mass.]|month=March|year=1903|page=37|pageurl=https://archive.org/stream/lieutenantgovern00carriala#page/37/mode/1up|oclc=2223403|passage=I can see that would be the kind of a chap that the '''dames''' would stand for everlastingly.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author={{w|Oscar Hammerstein II}} (lyrics), {{w|Richard Rodgers}} (music)|chapter={{w|There Is Nothing Like a Dame}}|title=[[w:South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]|year=1949|newversion=published in|2ndauthor=Oscar Hammerstein II (lyrics); Oscar Hammerstein II and {{w|Joshua Logan}} (book); Albert Sirmay [''i.e.'', {{w|Albert Szirmai}}] (vocal score editor)|title2=South Pacific. A Musical Play. [...] Adapted from {{w|James A. Michener}}’s [...] {{w|Tales of the South Pacific}} [...]|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Williamson Music; Milwaukee, Wis.: [[w:Hal Leonard Corporation|Hal Leonard]]|year2=1949|page2=30|oclc2=497235024|passage=There is nothin' like a '''dame''' / Nothin' in the world. / There is nothin' you can name / That is anythin' like a '''dame'''.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author={{w|Oscar Hammerstein II}} (lyrics); {{w|Richard Rodgers}} (music)|chapter=w:There Is Nothing Like a Dame|title=[[w:South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]|year=1949|newversion=published in|2ndauthor=Oscar Hammerstein II (lyrics); Oscar Hammerstein II; {{w|Joshua Logan}} (book); Albert Sirmay [''i.e.'', {{w|Albert Szirmai}}] (vocal score editor)|title2=South Pacific. A Musical Play. [...] Adapted from {{w|James A. Michener}}’s [...] {{w|Tales of the South Pacific}} [...]|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Williamson Music; Milwaukee, Wis.: [[w:Hal Leonard Corporation|Hal Leonard]]|year2=1949|page2=30|oclc2=497235024|passage=There is nothin' like a '''dame''' / Nothin' in the world. / There is nothin' you can name / That is anythin' like a '''dame'''.}}
# {{lb|en|archaic}} A [[lady]], a woman.
# {{lb|en|archaic}} A [[lady]], a woman.
#* {{RQ:Whetstone Rocke of Regard|part=1|page=55|passage=Now, thou, deare '''dame''', that workſte theſe ſweete effectes in mee, / Vouchsafe my zeale, that onely ſeeke to ſerve and honour thee.}}
#* {{RQ:Whetstone Rocke of Regard|page=55|passage=Now, thou, deare '''dame''', that workſte theſe ſweete effectes in mee, / Vouchsafe my zeale, that onely ſeeke to ſerve and honour thee.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Ben Jonson|authorlink=Ben Jonson|chapter=The Twelvth Night’s Revells|mainauthor=Peter Cunningham|editor=[[w:David Laing (antiquary)|David Laing]]|title={{w|Inigo Jones}} and Ben Jonson: Being the Life of Inigo Jones.{{nb...|Illustrated with Numerous Fac-similes of His Designs for Masques. And Ben Jonson’s Conversations with Drummond of Hawthornden.}}|location=London|publisher=Printed for the Shakespeare Society,{{nb...|and to be had of W. Skeffington, agent to the Society, 192, Piccadilly.}}|year=a. 1638|year_published=1853|page=101|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=20w4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA101|oclc=462046256|passage=[T]hough they were first-form'd '''dames''' of Earth, / And in whose sparcklinge and refulgent eyes / The glorious sonne did still delight to rise; {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Ben Jonson|chapter=The Twelvth Night’s Revells|mainauthor=Peter Cunningham|editor=[[w:David Laing (antiquary)|David Laing]]|title={{w|Inigo Jones}} and Ben Jonson: Being the Life of Inigo Jones.{{nb...|Illustrated with Numerous Fac-similes of His Designs for Masques. And Ben Jonson’s Conversations with Drummond of Hawthornden.}}|location=London|publisher=Printed for the Shakespeare Society,{{nb...|and to be had of W. Skeffington, agent to the Society, 192, Piccadilly.}}|year=a. 1638|year_published=1853|page=101|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=20w4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA101|oclc=462046256|passage=[T]hough they were first-form'd '''dames''' of Earth, / And in whose sparcklinge and refulgent eyes / The glorious sonne did still delight to rise; {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Edward Ravenscroft|authorlink=Edward Ravenscroft|title=Dame Dobson: Or, The Cunning Woman. A Comedy as it is Acted at the Duke’s Theatre|location=London|publisher=Printed for Joseph Hindmarsh,{{nb...|bookseller to His Royal Highness, at the Black Bull in Cornhil.}}|year=1684|section=Act I, scene xi|page=25|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=UgNEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA23|oclc=808808278|passage=And do you think my '''Dame''' ''Dobſon'' don't know a little better than you? She tells you, you need ſay no more, and 'tis an affront to her Art not to believe her; and I'le not ſee my '''Dame''' affronted.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Edward Ravenscroft|title=Dame Dobson: Or, The Cunning Woman. A Comedy as it is Acted at the Duke’s Theatre|location=London|publisher=Printed for Joseph Hindmarsh,{{nb...|bookseller to His Royal Highness, at the Black Bull in Cornhil.}}|year=1684|section=act I, scene xi|page=25|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=UgNEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA23|oclc=808808278|passage=And do you think my '''Dame''' ''Dobſon'' don't know a little better than you? She tells you, you need ſay no more, and 'tis an affront to her Art not to believe her; and I'le not ſee my '''Dame''' affronted.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=[Nathaniel Hawthorne]|authorlink=Nathaniel Hawthorn|title=Young Goodman Brown|magazine={{w|The New-England Magazine}}|location=Boston, Mass.|publisher=E. R. Broaders,{{nb...|127, Washington Street. Eastburn’s Press.}}|month=April|year=1835|volume=VIII|page=252|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyXZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA252|oclc=1065920053|passage=[H]e pointed his staff at a female figure on the path, in whom goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary '''dame''', who had taught him his catechism, in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with the minister and deacon Gookin.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=[[w:Nathaniel Hawthorn|[Nathaniel Hawthorne]]]|title=Young Goodman Brown|magazine=w:The New-England Magazine|location=Boston, Mass.|publisher=E. R. Broaders,{{nb...|127, Washington Street. Eastburn’s Press.}}|month=April|year=1835|volume=VIII|page=252|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyXZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA252|oclc=1065920053|passage=[H]e pointed his staff at a female figure on the path, in whom goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary '''dame''', who had taught him his catechism, in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with the minister and deacon Gookin.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Wolfgang Menzel|authorlink=Wolfgang Menzel|author2=Mrs. George Horrocks, transl.|chapter=First Period. Heathen Antiquity.|title=The History of Germany, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. [...] Translated from the Fourth German Edition. [...] In Three Volumes|location=London|publisher=[[w:Henry George Bohn|Henry G[eorge] Bohn]],{{nb...|York Street, Covent Garden.}}|year=1849|volume=I|section=part I (Origin and Manners of the Ancient Germans), section XX (Wolen and Walkyren)|page=45|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA45|oclc=913051751|passage=The poetical relation between the pagan warrior and his celestial bride changed, in course of time, to that between the Christian knight and his ladye-bright, who also was not always an earthly '''dame''', but the holy Virgin or some saint.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Wolfgang Menzel|tlr=Mrs. George Horrocks|chapter=First Period. Heathen Antiquity.|title=The History of Germany, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. [...] Translated from the Fourth German Edition. [...] In Three Volumes|location=London|publisher=[[w:Henry George Bohn|Henry G[eorge] Bohn]],{{nb...|York Street, Covent Garden.}}|year=1849|volume=I|section=part I (Origin and Manners of the Ancient Germans), section XX (Wolen and Walkyren)|page=45|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNo7AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA45|oclc=913051751|passage=The poetical relation between the pagan warrior and his celestial bride changed, in course of time, to that between the Christian knight and his ladye-bright, who also was not always an earthly '''dame''', but the holy Virgin or some saint.}}
# The hereditary feudal ruler ([[seigneur]]) of Sark, when the title is held by a woman in her own right.
# {{lb|en|chess|slang}} A [[queen]].
# {{lb|en|chess|slang}} A [[queen]].


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====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|dameish|dameship|damewort|schooldame
* {{l|en|beldame}}
* {{l|en|dame school}}
|beldame|dame school|damehood|damely|daming|hake's-dame}}
* {{l|en|damehood}}
* {{l|en|damely}}
* {{l|en|daming}}


====Related terms====
====Related terms====
{{rel3|en|belle dame sans merci
{{col3|en
|dame de compagnie
|damsel
|damsel
|demoiselle
|demoiselle
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|daami}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|daami}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|dama|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|dama|f}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kahurangi}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|да́ма|f}}
* Maori: {{t+|mi|kahurangi}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dama|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dama|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|doamnă|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|doamnă|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|ле́ди|f}}, {{t|ru|дейм|f}}, {{t+|ru|да́ма|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|ле́ди|f}}, {{t|ru|дейм|f}}, {{t+|ru|да́ма|f}}
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{{trans-top|(''US, dated, informal, slightly derogatory'') a woman}}
{{trans-top|(''US, dated, informal, slightly derogatory'') a woman}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|daami}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|daami}}
⚫
* Polish: {{t+|pl|białogłowa|f}}, {{t+|pl|dama|f}}, {{t+|pl|facetka|f}}, {{t+|pl|kobiałka|f}}, {{t+|pl|kobieta|f}}, {{t+|pl|niewiasta|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
⚫
* Polish: {{t+|pl|białogłowa|f}}, {{t+|pl|dama|f}}, {{t+|pl|facetka|f}}, {{t|pl|kobiałka|f}}, {{t+|pl|kobieta|f}}, {{t+|pl|niewiasta|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|да́мочка|f}}, {{t+|ru|бабёнка|f}} {{qualifier|derogatory}}, {{t+|ru|ба́ба|f}} {{qualifier|derogatory}}, {{t+|ru|тётка|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|да́мочка|f}}, {{t+|ru|бабёнка|f}} {{qualifier|derogatory}}, {{t+|ru|ба́ба|f}} {{qualifier|derogatory}}, {{t+|ru|тётка|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


{{trans-top|(''archaic'') lady, woman}}
{{trans-top|(''archaic'') lady, woman}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|да́ма|f}}, {{t|mk|го́споѓа|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dama|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dama|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|да́ма|f}}, {{t+|ru|госпожа́|f}}, {{t+|ru|суда́рыня|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|да́ма|f}}, {{t+|ru|госпожа́|f}}, {{t+|ru|суда́рыня|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t+|gd|baintighearna|f}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t+|gd|baintighearna|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|dama|f}}, {{t+|sh|gospa}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|dama|f}}, {{t+|sh|gospa}}
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# To [[make]] a dame.
# To [[make]] a dame.
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Richard Twiss|authorlink=Richard Twiss (writer)|chapter=On Draughts|title=Miscellanies|volume=II|location=London|publisher={{nb...|Printed for the author, and sold by T. Egerton, Military Library, Whitehall; J. Booth, Duke-Street, Portland-Place; and J. Murray, Fleet-Street}}|year=1805|page=162|passage=The French call simply ''Pawn'', “''la Dame qui n’est point Damée, et l’on n’appelle Dame proprement dite, que le Pion qui est Damé, et couvert d’un autre Pion,''” which means “the Draught or Pawn which is not '''''damed''''', and which is only termed ''Dame'' or ''Queen'', when the Pawn which is '''''damed''''', is covered with another Pawn.”}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:Richard Twiss (writer)|Richard Twiss]]|chapter=On Draughts|title=Miscellanies|volume=II|location=London|publisher={{nb...|Printed for the author, and sold by T. Egerton, Military Library, Whitehall; J. Booth, Duke-Street, Portland-Place; and J. Murray, Fleet-Street}}|year=1805|page=162|passage=The French call simply ''Pawn'', “''la Dame qui n’est point Damée, et l’on n’appelle Dame proprement dite, que le Pion qui est Damé, et couvert d’un autre Pion,''” which means “the Draught or Pawn which is not '''''damed''''', and which is only termed ''Dame'' or ''Queen'', when the Pawn which is '''''damed''''', is covered with another Pawn.”}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=H. Paul Jeffers|title=A Grand Night For Murder|year=1995|passage=Jonathan’s first edition of ''Calais'' was signed by Dame [[w:Agatha Christie|Agatha [Christie]]]. Not as Dame Agatha, just plain Agatha. She got '''Damed''' later.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=H. Paul Jeffers|title=A Grand Night For Murder|year=1995|passage=Jonathan’s first edition of ''Calais'' was signed by Dame [[w:Agatha Christie|Agatha [Christie]]]. Not as Dame Agatha, just plain Agatha. She got '''Damed''' later.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|journal=Mediaweek|year=1995|page=C-8|passage={{...}}{{w|Joanna Lumley}}, both pros in their respective fields, and both Brits in their respective hearts, are now both newly knighted ('''damed''', in Lumley’s case) by England’s Queen Lizzy.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|journal=Mediaweek|year=1995|page=C-8|passage={{...}}{{w|Joanna Lumley}}, both pros in their respective fields, and both Brits in their respective hearts, are now both newly knighted ('''damed''', in Lumley’s case) by England’s Queen Lizzy.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=John Lahr|authorlink=John Lahr|chapter=Barry Humphries: Playing possum|editor=Matthew Ricketson|title=The Best Australian Profiles|publisher=[[w:Schwartz Publishing|Black Inc.]]|year=2004|page=215|isbn=1 86395 293 4|passage=[[w:Dame Edna Everage|Edna [Everage]]] was '''damed''' spontaneously, on camera, by the Socialist Australian prime minister {{w|Gough Whitlam}}.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:John Lahr|chapter=Barry Humphries: Playing possum|editor=Matthew Ricketson|title=The Best Australian Profiles|publisher=[[w:Schwartz Publishing|Black Inc.]]|year=2004|page=215|isbn=1 86395 293 4|passage=[[w:Dame Edna Everage|Edna [Everage]]] was '''damed''' spontaneously, on camera, by the Socialist Australian prime minister {{w|Gough Whitlam}}.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Andrew Hosken|title=Nothing Like a Dame: The Scandals of Shirley Porter|location=London|publisher=[[w:Granta#Granta Books|Granta Books]]|year=2006|page=289|isbn=978-1-86207-809-3|passage=[[w:Peter Bradley (politician)|Peter Bradley]], deputy leader of the Labour group, scoffed that she &#91;{{w|Shirley Porter}}&#93; had been ‘'''Damed''' with faint praise’ and further observed that every pantomime needs a Dame.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Andrew Hosken|title=Nothing Like a Dame: The Scandals of Shirley Porter|location=London|publisher=[[w:Granta#Granta Books|Granta Books]]|year=2006|page=289|isbn=978-1-86207-809-3|passage=[[w:Peter Bradley (politician)|Peter Bradley]], deputy leader of the Labour group, scoffed that she &#91;{{w|Shirley Porter}}&#93; had been ‘'''Damed''' with faint praise’ and further observed that every pantomime needs a Dame.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Tracy Farr|title=Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt|publisher={{w|Fremantle Press}}|year=2013|passage=And then, of course, there was the '''dame-ing'''. It didn’t take much to be made a dame in the ’70s.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Tracy Farr|title=Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt|publisher=w:Fremantle Press|year=2013|passage=And then, of course, there was the '''dame-ing'''. It didn’t take much to be made a dame in the ’70s.}}


===References===
===References===
Line 115: Line 114:
* {{anagrams|en|a=adem|ADEM|ADME|Adem|Edam|MEDA|Mead|made|mead}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=adem|ADEM|ADME|Adem|Edam|MEDA|Mead|made|mead}}


[[Category:en:Female]]
{{C|en|Female|Female people}}

----


==Afrikaans==
==Afrikaans==
Line 166: Line 163:
}}
}}


⚫
====See also====
----
{{table:chess pieces/af}}


==Danish==
==Danish==
Line 179: Line 177:
{{da-noun|n|r}}
{{da-noun|n|r}}


# {{lb|da|polite}} {{l|en|lady}}, {{l|en|woman}} {{q|adult female}}
# {{lb|da|polite}} [[lady]], [[woman]] {{q|adult female}}
# {{l|en|lady}} {{q|adult female with a cultivated appearance}}
# [[lady]] {{q|adult female with a cultivated appearance}}
# {{lb|da|informal}} {{l|en|girlfriend}}
# {{lb|da|informal}} [[girlfriend]]
# {{lb|da|card games}} {{l|en|queen}}
# {{lb|da|card games}} [[queen]]


====Inflection====
====Declension====
{{da-decl|n|r}}
{{da-decl|n|r}}


Line 194: Line 192:
* {{pedia|lang=da}}
* {{pedia|lang=da}}
* {{pedia|Dame (kort)|lang=da}}
* {{pedia|Dame (kort)|lang=da}}

----


==Dutch==
==Dutch==
Line 204: Line 200:
===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈdaː.mə/}}
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈdaː.mə/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-dame.ogg|Audio}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-dame.ogg}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|da|me}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|da|me}}
* {{rhyme|nl|aːmə}}
* {{rhyme|nl|aːmə}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{nl-noun|f|-s|dametje}}
{{nl-noun|f|-s|+}}


# {{l|en|lady}}
# [[lady]]
## {{l|en|noblewoman}}
## [[noblewoman]]
## {{n-g|Polite term or title of address for any (adult or adolescent) woman.}}
## {{n-g|Polite term or title of address for any (adult or adolescent) woman.}}
# {{lb|nl|chess|card games}} {{l|en|queen}}
##: {{syn|nl|madam}}
⚫
# {{lb|nl|chess|card games}} [[queen]]
#: {{syn|nl|koningin}}
#: {{syn|nl|koningin}}

====Usage notes====
* The nonstandard plural {{m|nl|damesch}} is occasionally encountered in archaising contexts, particularly in [[sorority|sororities]]. This spelling, however, is an [[unetymological]] faux-archaism, as the plural marker {{m|nl|-s}} was historically never spelled {{m|nl|-sch}}.


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|nl
* {{l|nl|damesblad}}
|damesblad
⚫
* {{l|nl|damesfiets}}
|damesdispuut
⚫
* {{l|nl|dameskapper}}
⚫
|damesfiets
⚫
* {{l|nl|dameskleding}}
⚫
|dameskapper
⚫
* {{l|nl|damestoilet}}
⚫
|dameskleding
⚫
* {{l|nl|dameszadel}}
⚫
|damestoilet
⚫
* {{l|nl|eredame}}
⚫
|dameszadel
⚫
* {{l|nl|hofdame}}
⚫
|eredame

⚫
|hofdame
⚫
====Related terms====
}}
* {{l|nl|madam}}


====Descendants====
====Descendants====
Line 238: Line 238:
===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{l|nl|adem}}, {{l|nl|made}}
* {{l|nl|adem}}, {{l|nl|made}}

----


==French==
==French==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|fr|fro|dame}}, from {{inh|fr|LL.|domna}}, shortened variant of {{inh|fr|la|domina}}.
{{inh+|fr|fro|dame}}, from {{inh|fr|LL.|domna}}, shortened variant of {{inh|fr|la|domina}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-dame.ogg|audio}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-dame.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|fr|am|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|fr|am|s=1}}


Line 254: Line 252:
{{fr-noun|f}}
{{fr-noun|f}}


# a {{l|en|lady}}
# [[lady]]
# {{lb|fr|chess|card games}} [[queen]]
# a polite form of address for a woman
# {{lb|fr|chess}} {{l|en|queen}}
# {{lb|fr|in the plural}} [[draughts]] {{i|UK}}, [[checkers]] {{i|US}}
⚫
# {{lb|fr|card games}} {{l|en|queen}}


====Usage notes====
====Usage notes====
Line 274: Line 271:
|grande dame
|grande dame
|jeu de dames
|jeu de dames
|julienne des dames
|madame
|madame
|Notre Dame
|Notre Dame
Line 283: Line 281:
* {{desc|gl|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desc|gl|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desc|de|Dame|bor=1}}
* {{desc|de|Dame|bor=1}}
* {{desc|fa|دام|tr=dâm|bor=1}}
* {{desctree|it|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desctree|it|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desc|pl|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desc|pl|dama|bor=1}}
Line 288: Line 287:
* {{desc|ro|damă|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ro|damă|bor=1}}
* {{desc|es|dama|bor=1}}
* {{desc|es|dama|bor=1}}

===Interjection===
{{head|fr|interjection}}

# {{lb|fr|dated}} [[why]], [[indeed]]


===See also===
===See also===
Line 294: Line 298:


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:TLFi}}
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}


{{C|fr|Poker}}
{{C|fr|Poker}}

----


==Italian==
==Italian==
Line 309: Line 311:
===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=adem|Meda|meda}}
* {{anagrams|it|a=adem|Meda|meda}}

----


==Japanese==
==Japanese==
Line 319: Line 319:
# {{ja-romanization of|だめ}}
# {{ja-romanization of|だめ}}
# {{ja-romanization of|ダメ}}
# {{ja-romanization of|ダメ}}

----


==Middle English==
==Middle English==
Line 383: Line 381:
# {{alt form|enm|dampnen}}
# {{alt form|enm|dampnen}}


[[Category:Middle English terms of address]]
{{cln|enm|terms of address}}
[[Category:enm:Female animals]]
{{C|enm|Female animals|Female family members|Nobility|Female people}}
[[Category:enm:Female family members]]
[[Category:enm:Nobility]]

----


==Norwegian Bokmål==
==Norwegian Bokmål==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{der|nb|la|domina}}, via {{bor|nb|fro|dame}} and late {{inh|nb|non|damma}}.
From {{der|nb|la|domina}}, via {{der|nb|fro|dame}} and late {{inh|nb|non|damma}}.


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{nb-noun-c}}
{{nb-noun-c}}


# a {{l|en|lady}}, {{l|en|woman}}
# a [[lady]], [[woman]]
# {{q|romantic relationship}} a [[girlfriend]]
# {{q|romantic relationship}} a [[girlfriend]]
# {{q|card games}} a {{l|en|queen}}
# {{q|card games}} a [[queen]]


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col3-u|nb
{{col3|nb
|dametoalett
|dametoalett
|dameundertøy
|dameundertøy
Line 413: Line 407:
===References===
===References===
* {{R:The Bokmål Dictionary}}
* {{R:The Bokmål Dictionary}}

----


==Norwegian Nynorsk==
==Norwegian Nynorsk==
Line 424: Line 416:
{{nn-noun-f2}}
{{nn-noun-f2}}


# a {{l|en|lady}}, {{l|en|woman}}
# a [[lady]], [[woman]]
# {{q|romantic relationship}} a [[girlfriend]]
# {{q|romantic relationship}} a [[girlfriend]]
# {{q|card games}} a {{l|en|queen}}
# {{q|card games}} a [[queen]]


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col3-u|nn
{{col3|nn
|dametoalett
|dametoalett
|dameundertøy
|dameundertøy
|[[fyrstedame]], [[førstedame]]
|fyrstedame
|førstedame
|hoffdame
|hoffdame
|kassadame
|kassadame
Line 439: Line 432:
===References===
===References===
* {{R:The Nynorsk Dictionary}}
* {{R:The Nynorsk Dictionary}}

----


==Old French==
==Old French==
Line 457: Line 448:


====Usage notes====
====Usage notes====
* {{m|fr||Dame}} was the usual term referring to women of high social status, while {{m|fro|fame}} was used of such women chiefly in the sense of “wife”.
* Unlike in modern French, ''[[fame#Old French|fame]]'' usually refers to a {{l|en|wife}}, while ''dame'' refers to a {{l|en|woman}}.


====Descendants====
====Descendants====
Line 468: Line 459:
** {{desctree|fr|dame}}
** {{desctree|fr|dame}}
** {{desc|dum|dame|bor=1}}
** {{desc|dum|dame|bor=1}}
*** {{desc|nl|dame}}
*** {{desctree|nl|dame}}
* {{desc|nrf|dame}}
* {{desc|nrf|dame}}
* {{desc|nb|dame|bor=1}}
* {{desc|nb|dame|bor=1}}
Line 474: Line 465:
* {{desc|pcd|danme}}
* {{desc|pcd|danme}}


[[Category:fro:People]]
{{C|fro|People}}

----


==Romanian==
==Romanian==
Line 487: Line 476:


# {{noun form of|ro|damă||indef|pl|;|indef|gen//dat|s}}
# {{noun form of|ro|damă||indef|pl|;|indef|gen//dat|s}}

----


==Spanish==
==Spanish==


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
{{es-IPA}}
{{es-pr}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
{{head|es|verb form}}
{{head|es|verb form}}


# {{es-compound of|d|ar|da|me|mood=imp|person=tú}}
# {{es-verb form of|dar}}

Latest revision as of 21:43, 13 November 2024

See also: Dame, damé, dáme, Damɛ, and da'me

English

[edit]
WOTD – 9 December 2018

Etymology

[edit]
English actress Dame Judi Dench at the 60th British Academy Film Awards in February 2007. Dench was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1988, and thus uses the title “Dame” (sense 1)

From Middle English dame, dam (“noble lady”), from Old French dame (“lady; term of address for a woman; the queen in card games and chess”), from Latin domina (“mistress of the house”),[1] feminine form of dominus (“lord, master, ruler; owner of a residence”), or from Latin domus (“home, house”). Doublet of domina and donna.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

dame (plural dames)

  1. (British) Usually capitalized as Dame: a title equivalent to Sir for a female knight.
    Dame Edith Sitwell
  2. (British) A matron at a school, especially Eton College.
    • 2005, Paul Shrimpton, “Darnell’s School”, in A Catholic Eton?: Newman’s Oratory School, Leominster, Herefordshire: Gracewing, →ISBN, page 88:
      Even though the dames’ houses were being gradually phased out at Eton, [John Henry] Newman was enthusiastic about the arrangement since it met one of the promoters’ key demands; besides, he had experienced something similar as a boy at Ealing School, where the boarding houses were also under the jurisdiction of dames. The Ealing dames ensured that boys were properly dressed and cared for them when sick, and they also ran the tuck shops.
    • 2016, David Noy, “Parents, Childhood, Youth (1739–1760)”, in Dr Johnson’s Friend and Robert Adam’s Client Topham Beauclerk, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, →ISBN, page 14:
      As he [Fréderic Guyaz] worked for Topham [Beauclerk] while he was at Eton, it is likely that Topham was a day-boarder there, living at home in Windsor. His Eton "dame" was Mrs. Bland; day-boarders were allocated to a dame at whose house they took their meals.
      Windsor is on the opposite side of the River Thames from Eton.
  3. (British, theater) In traditional pantomime: a melodramatic female often played by a man in drag.
    • 1870 January 29, “English Pantomime. In Two Parts.—Part II.”, in William, Robert Chambers, editors, Chambers’s Journal of Popular Literature, Science and Art, volume VII (Fourth Series), number 318, London, Edinburgh: W. & R. Chambers, →OCLC, chapter X, pages 73 and 74:
      [page 73, column 2] Mother Goose was produced on the 29th of December; Simmons playing the Old Dame; […] [page 74, column 1] Bugle condemns her to the ducking-stool, a sentence opposed by Colin, who espouses the cause of the Old Dame, who, escaping from her persecutors, puts an end to the wedding festivities by raising the ghost of the Squire's first wife.
    • 2013, Maureen Hughes, “Welcome to the Magical World of Pantomime”, in A History of Pantomime, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword History, →ISBN, page 34:
      The Dame in a Panto is generally a large, gregarious and out-going man who plays the part of a large, gregarious and out-going woman. […] Every successful actor who plays the part of Dame in Panto knows that the secret of his success is that it should be obvious that it is a man playing a part, for this is not a Drag act; the intention is not to be as womanly as possible, but always to be 'a feller in a frock'. […] Oh how everyone loves the Panto Dame for she is Panto.
  4. (US, dated, informal, slightly derogatory) A woman.
  5. (archaic) A lady, a woman.
    • 1576, George Whetstone, “The Castle of Delight: […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 55:
      Now, thou, deare dame, that workſte theſe ſweete effectes in mee, / Vouchsafe my zeale, that onely ſeeke to ſerve and honour thee.
    • a. 1638, Ben Jonson, “The Twelvth Night’s Revells”, in Peter Cunningham, edited by David Laing, Inigo Jones and Ben Jonson: Being the Life of Inigo Jones. […], London: Printed for the Shakespeare Society, […], published 1853, →OCLC, page 101:
      [T]hough they were first-form'd dames of Earth, / And in whose sparcklinge and refulgent eyes / The glorious sonne did still delight to rise; […]
    • 1684, Edward Ravenscroft, Dame Dobson: Or, The Cunning Woman. A Comedy as it is Acted at the Duke’s Theatre, London: Printed for Joseph Hindmarsh, […], →OCLC, act I, scene xi, page 25:
      And do you think my Dame Dobſon don't know a little better than you? She tells you, you need ſay no more, and 'tis an affront to her Art not to believe her; and I'le not ſee my Dame affronted.
    • 1835 April, [Nathaniel Hawthorne], “Young Goodman Brown”, in The New-England Magazine, volume VIII, Boston, Mass.: E. R. Broaders, […], →OCLC, page 252:
      [H]e pointed his staff at a female figure on the path, in whom goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary dame, who had taught him his catechism, in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with the minister and deacon Gookin.
    • 1849, Wolfgang Menzel, “First Period. Heathen Antiquity.”, in Mrs. George Horrocks, transl., The History of Germany, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. [...] Translated from the Fourth German Edition. [...] In Three Volumes, volume I, London: Henry G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, part I (Origin and Manners of the Ancient Germans), section XX (Wolen and Walkyren), page 45:
      The poetical relation between the pagan warrior and his celestial bride changed, in course of time, to that between the Christian knight and his ladye-bright, who also was not always an earthly dame, but the holy Virgin or some saint.
  6. The hereditary feudal ruler (seigneur) of Sark, when the title is held by a woman in her own right.
  7. (chess, slang) A queen.

Synonyms

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]
[edit]

Translations

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

dame (third-person singular simple present dames, present participle daming, simple past and past participle damed)

  1. To make a dame.
    • 1805, Richard Twiss, “On Draughts”, in Miscellanies, volume II, London:  […], page 162:
      The French call simply Pawn, “la Dame qui n’est point Damée, et l’on n’appelle Dame proprement dite, que le Pion qui est Damé, et couvert d’un autre Pion,” which means “the Draught or Pawn which is not damed, and which is only termed Dame or Queen, when the Pawn which is damed, is covered with another Pawn.”
    • 1995, H. Paul Jeffers, A Grand Night For Murder:
      Jonathan’s first edition of Calais was signed by Dame Agatha [Christie]. Not as Dame Agatha, just plain Agatha. She got Damed later.
    • 1995, Mediaweek, page C-8:
      […] Joanna Lumley, both pros in their respective fields, and both Brits in their respective hearts, are now both newly knighted (damed, in Lumley’s case) by England’s Queen Lizzy.
    • 2004, John Lahr, “Barry Humphries: Playing possum”, in Matthew Ricketson, editor, The Best Australian Profiles, Black Inc., →ISBN, page 215:
      Edna [Everage] was damed spontaneously, on camera, by the Socialist Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam.
    • 2006, Andrew Hosken, Nothing Like a Dame: The Scandals of Shirley Porter, London: Granta Books, →ISBN, page 289:
      Peter Bradley, deputy leader of the Labour group, scoffed that she [Shirley Porter] had been ‘Damed with faint praise’ and further observed that every pantomime needs a Dame.
    • 2013, Tracy Farr, Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt, Fremantle Press:
      And then, of course, there was the dame-ing. It didn’t take much to be made a dame in the ’70s.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “dāme, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 16 February 2018.

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Afrikaans

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Dutch dame, from Middle Dutch dame, from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina.

Noun

[edit]

dame (plural dames, diminutive dametjie)

  1. lady
  2. (chess) queen

Derived terms

[edit]

See also

[edit]
Chess pieces in Afrikaans · skaakstukke (skaak + stukke) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
koning dame toring loper ruiter pion

Danish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from French dame (“lady”).

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /daːmə/, [ˈd̥æːmə]

Noun

[edit]

dame c (singular definite damen, plural indefinite damer)

  1. (polite) lady, woman (adult female)
  2. lady (adult female with a cultivated appearance)
  3. (informal) girlfriend
  4. (card games) queen

Declension

[edit]
Declension of dame
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative dame damen damer damerne
genitive dames damens damers damernes

Derived terms

[edit]
  • damet (“ladyish, ladylike”)

See also

[edit]
Playing cards in Danish · kort, spillekort (layout · text)
es toer treer firer femmer sekser syver
otter nier tier knægt, bonde dame, dronning konge joker

Dutch

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Dutch dame, from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

dame f (plural dames, diminutive dametje n)

  1. lady
    1. noblewoman
    2. Polite term or title of address for any (adult or adolescent) woman.
      Synonym: madam
  2. (chess, card games) queen
    Synonym: koningin

Usage notes

[edit]
  • The nonstandard plural damesch is occasionally encountered in archaising contexts, particularly in sororities. This spelling, however, is an unetymological faux-archaism, as the plural marker -s was historically never spelled -sch.

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • Afrikaans: dame

See also

[edit]
Chess pieces in Dutch · schaakstukken (schaak + stukken) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
koning koningin, dame toren loper, bisschop, raadsheer paard pion

Anagrams

[edit]

French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Old French dame, from Late Latin domna, shortened variant of Latin domina.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dame f (plural dames)

  1. lady
  2. (chess, card games) queen
  3. (in the plural) draughts (UK), checkers (US)

Usage notes

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Occasionally, in very formal or official registers, dame can be used as a title with a woman's name, for example dame Jeanne Dupont. Normal usage would be Madame Jeanne Dupont.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Interjection

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dame

  1. (dated) why, indeed

See also

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Chess pieces in French · pièces d’échecs (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
roi dame tour fou cavalier pion
Playing cards in French · cartes à jouer (layout · text)
as deux trois quatre cinq six sept
huit neuf dix valet dame roi joker

Further reading

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Italian

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Noun

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dame f

  1. plural of dama

Anagrams

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Japanese

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Romanization

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dame

  1. Rōmaji transcription of だめ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ダメ

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old French dame, from Latin domina.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdaːm(ə)/, /ˈdam(ə)/

Noun

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dame (plural dames)

  1. lady (high-ranking or noble woman):
    1. abbess (governor of a nunnery)
    2. (rare) A female anchorite (with servants)
  2. A housewife (mistress of a family)
  3. A mother (of humans, animals, or plants)
  4. A term of address for a noble lady.
  5. A respectful term of address for any woman (sometimes sarcastic).
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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dame

  1. Alternative form of dam (“dam”)

Etymology 3

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Noun

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dame

  1. Alternative form of damey

Etymology 4

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Noun

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dame

  1. (when preceding labials) Alternative form of dan

Etymology 5

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Verb

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dame

  1. Alternative form of dampnen

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Latin domina, via Old French dame and late Old Norse damma.

Noun

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dame f or m (definite singular dama or damen, indefinite plural damer, definite plural damene)

  1. a lady, woman
  2. (romantic relationship) a girlfriend
  3. (card games) a queen

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Latin domina, via Old French dame and late Old Norse damma.

Noun

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dame f (definite singular dama, indefinite plural damer, definite plural damene)

  1. a lady, woman
  2. (romantic relationship) a girlfriend
  3. (card games) a queen

Derived terms

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References

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Late Latin domna, shortened variant of Latin domina.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dame oblique singular, f (oblique plural dames, nominative singular dame, nominative plural dames)

  1. lady; woman

Usage notes

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  • Dame was the usual term referring to women of high social status, while fame was used of such women chiefly in the sense of “wife”.

Descendants

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Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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dame f

  1. inflection of damă:
    1. indefinite plural
    2. indefinite genitive/dative singular

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdame/ [ˈd̪a.me]
  • Rhymes: -ame
  • Syllabification: da‧me

Verb

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dame

  1. inflection of dar:
    1. second-person singular imperative combined with me
    2. second-person singular voseo imperative combined with me
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