avoyr

Middle French

Verb

avoyr

1. Alternative form of avoir

Conjugation

• Like Modern French avoir, highly irregular
• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of avoyr

infinitive	simple	avoyr
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	ayant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		eu
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ai, ay	as	a	avons	avez	ont
	imperfect	avais	avais	avait	avions	aviez	avoient, avoyent
	past historic	eus	eus	eut	eusmes	eustes	eurent
	future	auroie, auroye	auras	aura	aurons	aurez	auront
	conditional	aurois	aurois	aurait	aurions	auriez	auroient, auroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	aie	aies	ait	ayons	ayez	aient, ayent
	imperfect	eusse	eusses	eust	eussions	eussiez	eussent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	aie	—	ayons, aions	ayez, aiez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).