gissel

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Danish gidsel, from Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡis.sel/, [ˈɡɪs.səl], [ˈɡɪs.sl̩]

Noun

gissel n (definite singular gisselet or gislet, indefinite plural gisler or gissel, definite plural gislene or gisla)

1. a hostage

Usage notes

• In 2020, the Language council of Norway made the masculine inflection obsolete, including the form gisselen m.

Derived terms

• gisseldrama
• gisseltaker

References

• “gissel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz, from Proto-Celtic *geistlos (“hostage, pledge”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡis.sel/, [ˈɡɪs.səl], [ˈɡɪs.sl̩]

Noun

gissel m (definite singular gisselen, indefinite plural gislar, definite plural gislane)
gissel n (definite singular gisselet, indefinite plural gissel, definite plural gissela)

1. a hostage

Usage notes

• In 2020, a neuter inflection was made co-official.

Derived terms

• gisseldrama
• gisseltakar

Swedish

Etymology

Old Swedish gisl and the older gesl, having feminine gender. Used in the 1541 Bible translation with the plural gisslar. Corresponding to Old Norse geisli, related to Old Norse geirr (“spear”), Old English ger (“spear”) and English gear. Cognates include Icelandic geisli, German Geißel, Dutch gesel.

Noun

gissel n

1. a scourge (whip)
2. (figuratively) a scourge (source of persistent trouble)

   Korruptionen är landets gissel

   Corruption is the scourge of the country

Declension

Declension of gissel

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	gissel	gissels
	definite	gisslet	gisslets
plural	indefinite	gissel	gissels
	definite	gisslen	gisslens

Synonyms

• plåga
• piska
• spö
• stav

Related terms

• gissla

References

• gissel in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• gissel in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• gissel in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• gissel in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)