lis

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lis"

Translingual

Symbol

lis

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Lisu.

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Lisu terms

English

Etymology 1

Noun

lis (plural lisses)

1. (heraldic) Fleur-de-lis.
   • 1915, Guy Cadogan Rothery, ABC of Heraldry, page 175:

     […] it may be dimidiated: for instance, half a rose and half a lis being stuck together, or half a lis and half an eagle.

Etymology 2

Noun

lis

1. plural of li

Etymology 3

From Latin lis (“quarrel, lawsuit”).

Noun

lis

1. (law) The substance of a legal dispute.

Anagrams

• ILS, ILs, ISL, LSI, SIL, SLI, Sil, isl., sil

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch list, from Middle Dutch list, from Old Dutch list, from Proto-Germanic *listiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ləs/

Noun

lis (plural liste)

1. A ruse, a trick, a cunning plan.

Derived terms

• listig

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lis/

Etymology 1

Most likely a formation after lëndë (“timber”), similarly to the connection of vis with vend. Alternatively, Orel suggests a borrowing from Proto-Slavic *lěsъ (“forest, woods”), whence Serbo-Croatian lȇs／ле̑с, Bulgarian лес (les), although in this case one would expect the auslaut to have gone palatalization. Because of the /-i-/ < *-ě-, the Slavic dialect is identified as Ikavian.

Noun

lis m (plural lisa, definite lisi, definite plural lisat)

1. oak (Quercus, specifically Q. robur)

   Synonym: dushk

   Coordinate terms: bung, ilqe, qarr, shpardh

2. tall tree
3. (genealogy) lineage

   lis i gjakut ― patrilineal descendants

   lis i gjinisë ― matrilineal descendants

Declension

Declension of lis

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lis	lisi	lisa	lisat
accusative		lisin
dative	lisi	lisit	lisave	lisave
ablative			lisash

Hyponyms

• lis i bardhë (“Quercus cerris”)
• lis bujk (“Quercus trojana”)
• lis i butë (“Quercus pubescens”)
• lis i egër (“Ilex”)

Adjective

lis (feminine lise)

1. (figurative) strong and tall

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “lis”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• “lis”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[2] (in Albanian), 1980
• Newmark, L. (1999) “lis”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary

Etymology 2

From Proto-Albanian *leitšja, from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to pour”). Cognate with Latin libare (“to pour, to libate”), Old Church Slavonic лити (liti, “to pour”), Gothic 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿 (leiþu, “fruit wine”).

Verb

lis (aorist lysa, participle lysur)

1. to pour

Derived terms

• lise

Related terms

• lot

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin ille (“that one”).

Pronoun

lis

1. (to) them (indirect object)

Synonyms

• les

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from French lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈlis]

Noun

lis m (plural lisos)

1. Sprekelia formosissima (Jacobean lily)

   Synonym: lliri azteca

Derived terms

• flor de lis

Further reading

• “lis” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech lis (“press”), from Proto-Slavic *lisъ (“fox”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɪs]

Noun

lis m inan

1. (machine) press, squeezer

   Synonym: pres

Declension

Declension of lis (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	lis	lisy
genitive	lisu	lisů
dative	lisu	lisům
accusative	lis	lisy
vocative	lise	lisy
locative	lisu, lise	lisech
instrumental	lisem	lisy

Derived terms

• lisovat

 

Related terms

• liška
• lísat

 

Further reading

• “lis”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “lis”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “lis”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Dutch

Alternative forms

• (obsolete) lisch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch lesch, lesche, lisc, lyse; probably from the same ultimate origin as Old High German liska, which see (modern German Liesch).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɪs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lis

Noun

lis m or n (plural lissen, diminutive lisje n)

1. an iris, a plant of the genus Iris

Derived terms

• gele lis
• lisdodde
• Siberische lis

 

Further reading

• lis on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

Franco-Provençal

Alternative forms

• lire

Etymology

Inherited from Latin lilium.

Noun

lis m (plural lis) (ORB, broad)

1. lily

References

• lys in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• lis in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French lis, from Old French lis, generalised from the nominative singular and accusative plural of earlier lil, from Latin lilium. The final /s/ survives from the Middle French pausal pronunciation (as in fils, ours, os, tous, etc.), but fleur de lis was formerly also pronounced with /li/.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lis/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: lice, lices, lisse, lissent, lisses

Noun

lis m (plural lis)

1. lily

Alternative forms

• lys

Derived terms

• fleur de lis
• lis de mer

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /li/

Verb

lis

1. inflection of lire:
   1. first/second-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular present imperative

Further reading

• “lis”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• ils, s’il

Friulian

Friulian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	il l'	i
feminine	la l'	lis

Etymology

From Latin illas, accusative feminine plural of illae.

Article

lis f pl (singular la)

1. the

See also

• i

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French liste (“list”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lis/

Noun

lis

1. list

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• les

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɪs]
• Hyphenation: lis

Etymology 1

From Dutch lijst, from Italian lista, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *leizd (“band, border”).

Noun

lis

1. list, a register or roll of paper consisting of a compilation or enumeration of a set of possible items; the compilation or enumeration itself.

   Synonym: daftar

Etymology 2

From Dutch lijst, from Middle Dutch lijste, from Old Dutch *līsta, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *leizd (“band, border”).

Noun

lis

1. frame, border.

   Synonym: bingkai

Further reading

• “lis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Etymology

From Old Latin stlīs, from Proto-Italic *slītis (“accusation, dispute”), likely from Proto-Indo-European *sliH-ti-, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyH-, related to Old Irish liid (“accuse, charge”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /liːs/, [lʲiːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /lis/, [lis]

Noun

līs f (genitive lītis); third declension

1. lawsuit, action
2. contention, strife, quarrel

   Synonyms: rixa, certatus, iūrgium

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.29–30:

     līte vacent aurēs, īnsānaque prōtinus absint
     iūrgia; differ opus, līvida lingua, tuum!

     • 1851 translation by Henry T. Riley

       Let our ears be relieved from strife, and forthwith let maddening discords he far away; and thou envious tongue, postpone thy occupation.

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	līs	lītēs
genitive	lītis	lītium
dative	lītī	lītibus
accusative	lītem	lītēs lītīs
ablative	līte	lītibus
vocative	līs	lītēs

Derived terms

• lītigō

Descendants

• Galician: lide
• Italian: lite
• Portuguese: lide
• Sicilian: liti
• Spanish: lid

See also

• causa
• crīmen
• quaestiō
• rēs

 

References

• “lis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• lis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• lis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the case is still undecided: adhuc sub iudice lis est (Hor. A. P. 77)
    
  • to lose one's case: causā or lite cadere (owing to some informality)
    
  • chicanery (specially of wrongfully accusing an innocent man): calumniae litium (Mil. 27. 74)
    
  • (ambiguous) to go to law with, sue a person: litem alicui intendere
    
  • (ambiguous) to win a case: causam or litem obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) to lose one's case: causam or litem amittere, perdere
    

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lʲɪs̪]

Verb

lìs

1. third-person singular future of lyti
2. third-person plural future of lyti

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lisъ (“fox”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈlis/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈlis/

Noun

lis m inan

1. winepress

Declension

Declension of lis (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	lis	lisy	lisi, lisové
genitive	lisa, lisu	lisú	lisóv
dative	lisu	lisoma	lisóm
accusative	lis	lisy	lisy
vocative	lise	lisy	lisi, lisové
locative	lisě, lisu	lisú	lisiech
instrumental	lisem	lisoma	lisy

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Related terms

• lisa
• lisicě
• liška
• lísati

 

Descendants

• Czech: lis

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “lis”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lisъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlis/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: lis
• Homophone: Lis

Noun

lis m animal (female equivalent lisica, diminutive lisek, augmentative lisisko)

1. fox (Vulpini, especially the genus Vulpes)
2. (colloquial) fox fur

Declension

Declension of lis

	singular	plural
nominative	lis	lisy
genitive	lisa	lisów
dative	lisowi	lisom
accusative	lisa	lisy
instrumental	lisem	lisami
locative	lisie	lisach
vocative	lisie	lisy

Derived terms

• lisaty
• lisawy
• lisi
• lisiątko
• lisię
• lisiura
• lisowaty
• lisowczyk
• liszka

 

Noun

lis m pers

1. (colloquial) a clever or cunning person; fox

Declension

Declension of lis

	singular	plural
nominative	lis	lisy
genitive	lisa	lisów
dative	lisowi	lisom
accusative	lisa	lisów
instrumental	lisem	lisami
locative	lisie	lisach
vocative	lisie	lisy

Further reading

• lis in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• lis in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French lisse.

Adjective

lis m or n (feminine singular lisă, masculine plural liși, feminine and neuter plural lise)

1. smooth

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	lis		lisă		liși	lise
	definite	lisul		lisa		lișii	lisele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	lis		lise		liși	lise
	definite	lisului		lisei		lișilor	liselor

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from French lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlis/ [ˈlis]
• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: lis

Noun

lis f (plural lises)

1. lily

   Synonym: lirio

2. fleur-de-lis

   Synonym: flor de lis

Further reading

• “lis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28