richten
Appearance
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch richten, from Old Dutch rihten, from Proto-Germanic *rihtijaną (“to right”), derived from *rehtaz (“right, straight”). Equivalent to recht (“straight”) + -en (“deadjectival”) and shows the effect of historical i-mutation.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]richten
- (transitive) to direct, aim
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of richten (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | richten | |||
past singular | richtte | |||
past participle | gericht | |||
infinitive | richten | |||
gerund | richten n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | richt | richtte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | richt | richtte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | richt | richtte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | richt | richtte | ||
3rd person singular | richt | richtte | ||
plural | richten | richtten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | richte | richtte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | richten | richtten | ||
imperative sing. | richt | |||
imperative plur.1 | richt | |||
participles | richtend | gericht | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Middle High German richten, from Old High German rihten, from Proto-West Germanic *rihtijan (“to right”). Cognate with English right.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]richten (weak, third-person singular present richtet, past tense richtete, past participle gerichtet, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to direct, to point [with accusative ‘e.g. a weapon’ and auf (+ accusative) ‘at someone/something’]
- Richte diese Waffe nicht auf mich!
- Don't point that gun at me!
- (transitive) to fix, to rectify, to put right
- Wer kann diese Krise richten?
- Who can solve this crisis?
- (transitive) to straighten (something bent or tilted or not lined up properly); to right
- Kannst du den Löffel auch richten?
- Can you also straighten the spoon?
- zugrunde richten.
- to destroy (to level to the ground).
- (reflexive) to be directed (at) (of emotions, words, etc.); to turn (toward) (of a look, one's eyes, gaze, etc.) [with auf (+ accusative) or gegen (+ accusative) ‘someone’]
- Keine Sorge, ihre Wut richtet sich nicht gegen Sie.
- Don't worry, her anger isn't directed at you.
- (transitive) to judge
- Synonym: urteilen
- (reflexive) to follow the lead of, to abide by (to adjust one's behavior according to a person, rule etc.) [with nach]
- Das ist mir egal; ich richte mich nach dir. ― I don’t care; I will follow your lead.
- (reflexive) to depend [with nach ‘on’] (impersonal)
- Der Wechselkurs richtet sich nach den politischen Geschehnissen. ― The exchange rate depends on political events.
- (transitive, dated, higher register) to execute, to put to death
- Synonym: hinrichten
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | richten | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | richtend | ||||
past participle | gerichtet | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich richte | wir richten | i | ich richte | wir richten |
du richtest | ihr richtet | du richtest | ihr richtet | ||
er richtet | sie richten | er richte | sie richten | ||
preterite | ich richtete | wir richteten | ii | ich richtete1 | wir richteten1 |
du richtetest | ihr richtetet | du richtetest1 | ihr richtetet1 | ||
er richtete | sie richteten | er richtete1 | sie richteten1 | ||
imperative | richt (du) richte (du) |
richtet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “richten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “richten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “richten” in Duden online
- “richten” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Dutch rihten, from Proto-West Germanic *rihtijan.
Verb
[edit]richten
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “richten”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “richten”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Categories:
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms suffixed with -en (deadjectival)
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪxtən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪxtən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch transitive verbs
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch i-mutated deadjectival verbs
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
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- German reflexive verbs
- German dated terms
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- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch weak verbs