syndrome

See also: Syndrome

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin syndrome, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ, “concurrence of symptoms, concourse”), from σύνδρομος (súndromos, “running together”), from συν- (sun-, “with”) + δρόμος (drómos, “running, course”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/, /-dɹəm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): / ˈsin-ˌdrōm/, IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/, /-dɹəm/
• Hyphenation: syn‧drome

Noun

syndrome (plural syndromes)

2. (pathology) A recognizable pattern of signs, symptoms and/or behaviours, especially of a disease or medical or psychological condition.

   Down syndrome; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; restless-leg syndrome; battered-wife syndrome

   • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:

     Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.

3. Any set of characteristics regarded as identifying a certain type, condition, etc., usually adverse.

   not-in-my-backyard syndrome; tip-of-the-tongue syndrome

   • 1980 August 9, John D'Emilio, “There's No Place Like Home”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

     My roommate, Tony, and I were sitting in our living room on a Saturday afternoon trying to decide what to do that night. You know the syndrome: Saturday night when everyone is supposed to do something exciting and have a great time. If you don't, you're likely to wake up on Sunday morning feeling weird and lonely.

   • 1989 November 3, “Jimmy Carson Comes Home; He's a Redwing”, in The Argus-Press (Owesso, Michigan)‎^{[news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=19891103&id...sjid...pg...]}:

     Fledgling superstar Jimmy Carson couldn't bear another day in Edmonton living in the void created by the departure of Wayne Gretzky, whose brokenhearted fans never accepted his replacement. It was very difficult for me to play in Edmonton in the whole Gretzky syndrome," Carson said Thurs day after a six-player trade ...

   • 2012, Steven D. Price, Excuses for All Occasions: Alibis Apologies and Cop-Outs That Can Get You Out of (or Into) Trouble‎^[1]:

     Speaking of medicine, rationalizers seem to enjoy latching on health excuses. Syndromes are a fertile field. Let's say you're accused of being unable to accept responsibility or otherwise behaving like an adult. That's not your fault, you counter—you suffer from Peter Pan Syndrome. Can't get around to cleaning up your room or office cubicle? Of course not—you suffer from tertiary Bag Lady Syndrome.

Hypernyms

• Aarskog-Scott syndrome
• Ackerman syndrome
• acquired immune deficiency syndrome
• acute respiratory distress syndrome
• acute retroviral syndrome
• adult respiratory distress syndrome
• alpha-gal syndrome
• army ant syndrome
• Asherman's syndrome
• Asperger syndrome
• Axenfeld syndrome
• baby duck syndrome
• Baggio–Yoshinari syndrome
• balloon syndrome
• Basedow's syndrome
• battered child syndrome
• battered person syndrome
• battered woman syndrome
• Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
• Behçet's syndrome
• Bernhardt-Roth syndrome
• Bloom syndrome
• Bloom-Torre-Machacek syndrome
• Boerhaave syndrome
• broken-heart syndrome
• Brown-Séquard syndrome
• Brown syndrome
• Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome
• bubble baby syndrome
• burning feet syndrome
• burning tongue syndrome
• Carey Fineman Ziter syndrome
• Carpenter syndrome
• Carvajal syndrome
• CHAPLE syndrome
• Cheadle-Möller-Barlow syndrome
• chemosyndrome
• Chernobyl syndrome
• Chiari-Frommel syndrome
• CHILD syndrome
• China syndrome
• chronic COVID syndrome
• chronic fatigue syndrome
• Columbine syndrome
• Costen's syndrome
• Cowden syndrome
• crowned dens syndrome
• Danbolt-Closs syndrome
• deer in the headlight syndrome
• de la Chapelle syndrome
• derangement syndrome
• Derangement Syndrome
• Desert Storm syndrome
• Diogenes syndrome
• domestication syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Down syndrome regression disorder
• Dubowitz syndrome
• dummy foal syndrome
• Dunning-Kruger syndrome
• Dutch-Kentucky syndrome
• economy class syndrome
• Edwards syndrome
• Eisenmenger's syndrome
• Ekbom's syndrome
• Ekiri syndrome
• Elejalde syndrome
• empty nest syndrome
• empty nose syndrome
• Everest syndrome
• false memory syndrome
• Fashoda syndrome
• fetal alcohol syndrome
• Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome
• foreign accent syndrome
• Fowler's syndrome
• Franceschetti-Klein syndrome
• full-nest syndrome
• full nest syndrome
• GAPO syndrome
• Gardner's syndrome
• Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome
• Gorlin's syndrome
• Gouverneur's syndrome
• Greither syndrome
• Griscelli syndrome
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome
• hand-arm vibration syndrome
• Havana syndrome
• Heerfordt-Mylius syndrome
• Heerfordt-Waldenström syndrome
• Helsinki syndrome
• hemisyndrome
• Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
• Horton's syndrome
• Hunter-Russell syndrome
• Hunter syndrome
• Huriez syndrome
• Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
• Hutchinson–Gilford syndrome
• imaginary lat syndrome
• impostor syndrome
• Irlen syndrome
• irritable bowel syndrome
• island syndrome
• jabs and jolts syndrome
• Jackson-Weiss syndrome
• Jeavons syndrome
• Jerusalem syndrome
• kabuki makeup syndrome
• kabuki syndrome
• Kallmann syndrome
• Kartagener syndrome
• Kearns-Sayre syndrome
• Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome
• Kindler syndrome
• Kleine-Levin syndrome
• Klinefelter's syndrome
• Klingsor syndrome
• Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
• Korsakoff's syndrome
• Landau-Kleffner syndrome
• leaning toothpick syndrome
• Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome
• Lima syndrome
• Lobstein syndrome
• Löffler's syndrome
• long QT syndrome
• lucky girl syndrome
• lung-digit syndrome
• lymph node syndrome
• main-character syndrome
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• mean world syndrome
• meeting recovery syndrome
• megasyndrome
• MERRF syndrome
• metabolic syndrome
• middle-child syndrome
• middle child syndrome
• missing white girl syndrome
• missing white woman syndrome
• Mount Everest syndrome
• Mt. Everest syndrome
• mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
• Muenke syndrome
• Münchausen syndrome
• myorenal syndrome
• needle-in-the-eye syndrome
• neural crest syndrome
• Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome
• oral allergy syndrome
• Oslo syndrome
• pace-of-life syndrome
• paper qualification syndrome
• parental alienation syndrome
• Paris syndrome
• Parkinson-plus syndrome
• Parkinson's syndrome
• Pascual-Castroviejo syndrome type 1
• Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome
• peeling skin syndrome
• PEHO syndrome
• pervasive arousal withdrawal syndrome
• Peter Pan syndrome
• pink cloud syndrome
• Pinkerton syndrome
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
• postconcussive syndrome
• post-concussive syndrome
• post-COVID-19 syndrome
• post-COVID syndrome
• post-finasteride syndrome
• post-micturition convulsion syndrome
• postphlebitic syndrome
• post-phlebitic syndrome
• postthrombophlebitic syndrome
• postthrombotic syndrome
• post-traumatic stress syndrome
• post-viral fatigue syndrome
• preacher's kid syndrome
• premenstrual syndrome
• Proteus syndrome
• psychosyndrome
• Queequeg syndrome
• rage syndrome
• red man syndrome
• red neck syndrome
• resignation syndrome
• restless legs syndrome
• retired husband syndrome
• Rett syndrome
• revolving door syndrome
• Reye's syndrome
• RIDDLE syndrome
• Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
• savant syndrome
• seat belt syndrome
• second-impact syndrome
• serotonin syndrome
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• shifting baseline syndrome
• Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome
• sick building syndrome
• sick office syndrome
• silent forest syndrome
• skeeter syndrome
• Skoptic syndrome
• small man syndrome
• smoking stool syndrome
• space adaptation syndrome
• stiff man syndrome
• stiff-person syndrome
• Stockholm syndrome
• student syndrome
• subsyndrome
• sudden infant death syndrome
• sudden sniffing death syndrome
• sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome
• sundowner syndrome
• superior mesenteric artery syndrome
• tall poppy syndrome
• Tourette syndrome
• toxic shock syndrome
• toxidrome
• tree man syndrome
• true believer syndrome
• Truman syndrome
• tube feeding syndrome
• Turner's syndrome
• Unna-Thost syndrome
• upper airway cough syndrome
• Vietnam syndrome
• Werner's syndrome
• WHIM syndrome
• white coat syndrome
• wild man syndrome
• Williams syndrome
• Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

 

Derived terms

• syndromal
• syndromed
• syndrome X
• syndromic
• syndromics

 

Translations

recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours

• Arabic: مُتَلَازِمَة f (mutalāzima), أَعْرَاض m (ʔaʕrāḍ), سِنْدُرُم m (sindurum)

  Egyptian Arabic: لازمة f (lázma), سيندروم m (sind(e)rōm)

• Armenian: համախտանիշ (hy) (hamaxtaniš)
• Asturian: síndrome m
• Azerbaijani: sindrom
• Belarusian: сіндро́м m (sindróm)
• Bulgarian: синдром m (sindrom)
• Catalan: síndrome (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 症候群 (zh) (zhènghòuqún), 綜合徵／综合征 (zh) (zònghézhēng), 綜合症／综合症 (zh) (zònghézhèng)

• Czech: syndrom (cs) m
• Danish: syndrom (da) n
• Dutch: syndroom (nl) n
• Esperanto: sindromo
• Finnish: oireyhtymä (fi), syndrooma (fi)
• French: syndrome (fr) m
• Georgian: სინდრომი (sindromi)
• German: Syndrom (de) n
• Greek: σύνδρομο (el) n (sýndromo)
• Hungarian: szindróma (hu), tünetegyüttes (hu), tünetcsoport (hu)
• Indonesian: sindrom (id)
• Irish: siondróm m
• Italian: sindrome (it) f
• Japanese: 症候群 (ja) (しょうこうぐん, shōkōgun), シンドローム (ja) (shindorōmu)
• Kazakh: синдром (sindrom), нышанат (nyşanat)
• Korean: 증후군(症候群) (ko) (jeunghugun)
• Lithuanian: sindromas m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: syndrom n

  Nynorsk: syndrom n

• Persian: سندرم (fa), نشانگان (fa) (nešāngān)
• Polish: zespół (pl), syndrom (pl) m
• Portuguese: síndrome (pt) (masc. in pt-pt, fem. in pt-br), síndroma (pt) m (used in pt-pt only)
• Russian: синдро́м (ru) m (sindróm)
• Samogitian: sėndruoms m
• Serbo-Croatian: sìndrōm (sh) m
• Sinhalese: සහලක්ෂණය (si) (sahalakṣaṇaya)
• Spanish: síndrome (es) m
• Swedish: syndrom (sv) n
• Thai: กลุ่มอาการ (glùm-aa-gaan)
• Turkish: sendrom (tr)
• Ukrainian: синдро́м m (syndróm)
• Vietnamese: hội chứng (vi) (會症)

set of characteristics

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 典型特徵／典型特征 (diǎnxíng tèzhēng)

• Finnish: ilmiö (fi), oireisto (fi)
• Polish: syndrom (pl) m
• Portuguese: please add this translation if you can

References

• syndrome on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “syndrome”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “syndrome”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin syndrome, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɛ̃.dʁom/, (allowed by some authorities) /sɛ̃.dʁɔm/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

Noun

syndrome m (plural syndromes)

1. syndrome

Derived terms

• syndrome de Gilles de La Tourette
• syndrome de la page blanche
• syndrome de Paris
• syndrome de Stein-Leventhal
• syndrome de Stevens-Johnson
• syndrome du cœur brisé
• syndrome du cri du chat
• syndrome d’Asperger
• syndrome d’immunodéficience acquise
• syndrome prémenstruel

 

Further reading

• “syndrome”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Noun

syndrome (plural syndromes)

1. syndrome