west

See also: West

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

west

Etymology

PIE word
*wek(ʷ)speros

From Middle English west, from Old English west, from Proto-West Germanic *westr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

Cognate with Scots wast, Saterland Frisian Wääste, West Frisian west, Dutch west, German West, Danish vest. Cognate also with Old French west, French ouest, Spanish oeste, Portuguese oeste, Catalan oest, Galician oeste, Italian ovest (all ultimately borrowings of the English word). Compare also Latin vesper (“evening”), with which it is possibly cognate via Proto-Indo-European.

Pronunciation

enPR: wĕst, IPA^(key): /wɛst/
Audio (UK): (file)
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -ɛst

Noun

west (plural wests)

The direction opposite to that of the earth's rotation, specifically 270°.
Alternative form: (abbreviation) W

We used to live in the west of the country.

Portugal lies to the west of Spain.
The western region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the gallery, opposite to the altar, and opposite to the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.
- 1997, John Haskell, John Callanan, Sydney Architecture, UNSW Press, →ISBN:
  In two respects, however, the cathedral [of St. Mary's in Sydney, Australia] differs from English traditions: it is oriented north-south, not east-west; and its main entry is from the south (liturgical west) between the two towers, in the French manner.
- 2000, Mark L. MacDonald, The Chant of Life: Liturgical Studies Four, Church Publishing, Inc., →ISBN, page 98:
  The seating for honored persons (clergy) is at the liturgical west, opposite the entrance and lectern.
- 2007, Patrick Malloy, Celebrating the Eucharist: A Practical Ceremonial Guide for Clergy and Other Liturgical Ministers, Church Publishing, Inc., →ISBN, page 155:
  In most worship spaces, this will put the thurifer and gospeller facing liturgical west, book bearer facing liturgical east (or the book on the reading desk), and the torch bearers turned inward, facing the book.
- 2014, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706-2013, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 365:
  Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.

Coordinate terms

(compass points)

northwest	north	northeast
west		east
southwest	south	southeast

Derived terms

Translations

Also see Appendix:Cardinal directions for translations of all compass points

compass point

Afrikaans: wes (af)
Ainu: チュッポㇰ (cuppok)
Albanian: perëndim (sq)
Amharic: ምዕራብ (məʿrab)
Amis: please add this translation if you can
Arabic: غَرْب (ar) m (ḡarb), مَغْرِب (ar) m (maḡrib)
Egyptian Arabic: غرب m (ġarb)
Aramaic:
Aramaic: מערבא m (maʿrəḇā)

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܥܪܒ݂ܵܐ m (maʿrwā)

Classical Syriac: ܡܥܪܒܐ m (maʿrəḇā)

Turoyo: ܡܰܥܪܒ݂ܳܐ m (macrvo)
Armenian: արևմուտք (hy) (arewmutkʻ)
Aromanian: vestu, Vestu, ascãpitatã
Assamese: পশ্চিম (possim)
Asturian: oeste (ast) m
Azerbaijani: qərb (az)
Bashkir: көнбайыш (könbayış)
Basque: sartalde, mendebal
Belarusian: за́хад m (záxad)
Bengali: পশ্চিম (bn) (pościm)
Bhojpuri: पश्चिम (paścim)
Bikol Central: sulnopan (bcl)
Breton: kornôg (br) m
Bulgarian: за́пад (bg) m (západ)
Burmese: အနောက် (my) (a.nauk), ပစ္ဆိမ (pachci.ma.)
Carpathian Rusyn: за́ход m (záxod), за́пад m (západ)
Catalan: oest (ca) m, ponent (ca) m, occident (ca)
Cebuano: kasadpan
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Cherokee: ᏭᏕᎵᎬᎢ (wudeligvi)
Chickasaw: hashaaobya'
Chinese:
Cantonese: 西 (yue) (sai¹)

Dungan: щи (xi), щифон (xifon)

Hakka: 西 (sî)

Hokkien: 西 (sai)

Mandarin: 西 (zh) (xī), 西方 (zh) (xīfāng)
Chukchi: ӄэралгын (qėralgyn)
Cornish: west m, howlsedhes m, gorlewin f
Czech: západ (cs) m
Danish: vest (da)
Dhuwal: ^{(please verify)} bärra
Dutch: westen (nl) n
Egyptian: jmn m, jmnt f, jmntt f
Esperanto: okcidento
Estonian: lääs (et)
Finnish: länsi (fi)
French: ouest (fr) m, occident (fr) m, ponant (fr)
Gagauz: batı
Galician: oeste (gl) m, occidente m, poñente m
Georgian: დასავლეთი (dasavleti)
German: West (de) m, Westen (de) m
Greek: δύση (el) f (dýsi)
Ancient: δύσις f (dúsis), δυσμή f (dusmḗ)
Gujarati: પશ્ચિમ (paścim)
Hawaiian: komohana
Hebrew: מַעֲרָב (he) m (ma'aráv), יָם (he) m (yam) (biblical)
Hindi: पश्चिम (hi) (paścim), पश्चिमा (hi) (paścimā), पच्छिम (hi) (pacchim), पच्छम (hi) (paccham), मग़रब (maġrab), मग़रिब (maġrib), अपरा (hi) (aprā), प्रतीची (hi) (pratīcī), पछाँह (hi) (pachā̃h), अस्त (hi) (ast), अथमना (hi) (athamnā), क़िबलई (qiblaī), क़िबला (qiblā), दग्धा (hi) (dagdhā), वारुण (hi) (vāruṇ)
Hungarian: nyugat (hu)
Icelandic: vestur (is) n
Ido: ocidento (io), westo (io)
Ilocano: laud
Indonesian: barat (id)
Ingrian: läns
Interlingua: west
Irish: siar m, iarthar m
Italian: ovest (it), occidente (it), ponente (it)
Japanese: 西 (ja) (にし, nishi), 西方 (ja) (せいほう, seihō)
Javanese: kulon (jv) (ngoko), kilèn (krama), pascima (jv) (literary)
Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ (kn) (paścima)
Kapampangan: albugan
Karachay-Balkar: кюнбатыш (künbatış)
Karo Batak: pustima
Kazakh: күнбатыс (künbatys), батыс (batys), құбыла (qūbyla)
Khakas: кидер (kider)
Khmer: ទិសខាងលិច (tɨh khaang lɨc), ខាងលិច (khaang lɨc), បស្ចិម (km) (bahcəm), បច្ចិមទិស (bahcəm tɨh), លិច (km) (lɨc)
Kikuyu: ithũĩro class 5
Korean: 서(西) (ko) (seo), (nautical) 하늬 (hanui), 서쪽 (ko) (seojjok)
Koryak: тэйкыялӄэвыны (teykəyalqevənə)
Kumyk: гюнбатыш (günbatış)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕۆژئاوا (roj'awa), خۆرئاوا (xor'awa)

Northern Kurdish: rojava (ku) f, xerb (ku) f
Kyrgyz: батыш (ky) (batış), күн батыш (kün batış)
Lao: ຕາວັນຕົກ, ຕາເວັນຕົກ (tā wen tok), ທິດຕາເວັນຕົກ (thit tā wen tok), ປະຈິມ (pa chim)
Latgalian: vokori
Latin: occidens (la), occāsus m
Latvian: rietumi (lv), vakari (lv) pl
Ligurian: ovest
Lithuanian: vakarai (lt)
Macedonian: за́пад m (západ)
Madurese: bârâ' (mad)
Malagasy: andrefana (mg)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت (ms), کولون, مغرب

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Malayalam: പടിഞ്ഞാറ് (ml) (paṭiññāṟŭ), പശ്ചിമം (paścimaṁ), മേക്ക് (ml) (mēkkŭ)
Maltese: punent
Manchu: [script needed] (wargi)
Maori: hauāuru
Marathi: पश्चिम (mr) (paścim)
Mi'kmaq: tg'sn inan
Middle English: west
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: баруун (mn) (baruun)

Mongolian: ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ (baraɣun)
Nahuatl: cihuatlampa
Nanai: пэрхи (perhi)
Navajo: eʼeʼaah
Norman: vouest m (Guernsey), vouêt m (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vest (no)

Nynorsk: vest
Occitan: oèst (oc) m, occident (oc) m, ponent (oc) m
Odia: ପଶ୍ଚିମ (or) (paścima)
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: западъ m (zapadŭ), заходъ m (zaxodŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰸⰰⱂⰰⰴⱏ m (zapadŭ), ⰸⰰⱈⱁⰴⱏ m (zaxodŭ)
Oromo: lixa
Ottoman Turkish: باتی (batı)
Pannonian Rusyn: заход m (zaxod)
Papiamentu: wèst
Pashto: مغرب m (maǧréb), باختر (ps) m (bāxtár)
Persian:
Classical Persian: بَاخْتَر (fa) (bāxtar), غَرْب (fa) (ğarb), مَغْرِب (fa) (mağrib), خْوَرْبَرَان (xwarbarān) (archaic)

Dari: بَاخْتَر (fa) (bāxtar), غَرْب (fa) (ğarb), مَغْرِب (fa) (mağrib), خورْبَرَان (xōrbarān, xurbarān) (archaic)

Iranian Persian: باخْتَر (fa) (bâxtar), غَرْب (fa) (ğarb), مَغْرِب (fa) (mağreb), خورْبَران (xorbarân) (archaic)
Plautdietsch: Wasten n
Polish: zachód (pl) m inan
Portuguese: oeste (pt) m, ocidente (pt) m, poente (pt) m
Punjabi: ਪੱਛਮ m (paccham)
Romanian: vest (ro) n, apus (ro) n, occident (ro)
Romansch: vest
Russian: за́пад (ru) m (západ), вест (ru) m (vest) (nautical), захо́д (ru) m (zaxód) (dated, now means "sunset")
Sami:
Inari Sami: fiestâr

Kildin Sami: вуэррьял (vuerr’’al)
Sanskrit: पश्चिमा (sa) f (paścimā), अपरा (sa) f (aparā)
Santali: ᱯᱟᱪᱮ (pace), ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ (păchim)
Scots: wast
Scottish Gaelic: iar f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: за̑пад m

Roman: zȃpad (sh) m
Seychellois Creole: was
Shor: кӱн-қонужу (kün-qonuju)
Sinhalese: බටහිර (si) (baṭahira)
Slovak: západ m
Slovene: zahod (sl) m
Southern Altai: кӱнбадыш (künbadïš)
Spanish: oeste (es) m, poniente (es), occidente (es)
Swahili: magharibi (sw)
Swedish: väst (sv), väster (sv)
Tagalog: kanluran (tl)
Tajik: ғарб (tg) (ġarb), мағриб (tg) (maġrib)
Tamil: மேற்கு (ta) (mēṟku)
Tatar: көнбатыш (tt) (könbatış)
Telugu: పడమర (te) (paḍamara), పశ్చిమం (paścimaṁ)
Tetum: loromonu
Thai: ทิศตะวันตก (th) (tít dtà-wan dtòk), ตะวันตก (th) (dtà-wan-dtòk), ประจิม (th) (bprà-jim)
Tibetan: ནུབ (nub)
Tigrinya: ምዕራብ (məʿrab)
Toba Batak: pastima, hasundutan
Tocharian B: kauṃ-kläsko
Turkish: batı (tr), garp (tr) (obsolete)
Turkmen: günbatar
Tuvan: барыын чүк (barıın çük)
Ukrainian: за́хід (uk) m (záxid)
Urdu: مَغْرِب (ur) m (maġrib)
Uyghur: غەرب (gherb), كۈنپېتىش (künpëtish)
Uzbek: gʻarb (uz), kunbotish (uz)
Vietnamese: tây (vi) (西 (vi)), phía tây, hướng tây
Volapük: vesüd (vo)
Welsh: gorllewin (cy) m
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westen (fy) n, west (fy)
Yagnobi: ғарб (ġarb)
Yakut: арҕаа (arğaa)
Yámana: inal
Yiddish: מערבֿ m (mayrev)
Yonaguni: イリ (yiri)
Zhuang: sae

Adjective

west

Situated or lying in or toward the west; westward.
(meteorology) Of wind: from the west.
Of or pertaining to the west; western.
From the West; occidental.
(ecclesiastial) Designating, or situated in, the liturgical west, that part of a church which is opposite to, and farthest from, the part containing the chancel.
- 2008, Philip Temple, Northern Clerkenwell and Pentonville, Paul Mellon Ctr for Studies, →ISBN, page 356:
  Interior in 1925, (left) looking north to chancel and (right) looking south (to liturgical west end) It was on account of this connection that St James's became the clowns 'church', an annual clowns' service being held there ...
- 2017, Stephen Kite, Building Ruskin's Italy: Watching Architecture, Routledge, →ISBN, page 48:
  as in the mosaic of the ascension on San Frediano's liturgical west (geographically east) façade.
- 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 371:
  Spence had decided on a huge image of Christ on the [liturgical] east end [which is the geographic north], filling the entire wall and to be visible through the [liturgical] West Window (Fig. 24.2).

Translations

towards the west

Armenian: արևմտյան (hy) (arewmtyan)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Chinese:
Mandarin: 西 (zh) (xī)
Dutch: west (nl), westelijk (nl), westelijke (nl)
Esperanto: okcidenta
Finnish: länteen päin
French: vers l’ouest
German: westlich (de), westwärts (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) (dytikós)
Japanese: 西 (ja) (にし, nishi)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: (ber bi) rojava(yê), (ber bi) xerb(ê) f, (berew (ku)) rojawa (ku), (berew (ku)) xorawa (ku)
Macedonian: за́падно (západno)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت (ms), کولون, مغرب

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Navajo: eʼeʼaahjigo
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vestlig (no), vestre (no)

Nynorsk: vestleg, vestre
Persian: خوروران (xôrvarân), غرب (fa) (ğarb)
Polish: na zachód
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Rohingya: fosím
Scottish Gaelic: siar, an iar
Spanish: al oeste
Swedish: västerut (sv)
Telugu: పడమటి (te) (paḍamaṭi), పాశ్చాత్య (pāścātya), పశ్చిమ (paścima)
Volapük: vesüdio (vo), (older term) vesüvedo
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westlik
Yonaguni: イリ (yiri)

western

Armenian: արևմտյան (hy) (arewmtyan)
Belarusian: захо́дні m (zaxódni)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Czech: západní (cs)
Finnish: läntinen (fi)
French: occidental (fr)
German: westlich (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) m (dytikós)
Japanese: 西部 (ja) (せいぶ, seibu)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: rojawayî, xorawayî

Northern Kurdish: rojavayî (ku), xerbî (ku)
Latin: occidentalis (la)
Latvian: rietumu
Macedonian: за́паден (západen)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت (ms), کولون, مغرب

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vestlig (no), vestre (no)

Nynorsk: vestleg, vestre
Persian: غربی (fa) (ğarbi)
Polish: zachodni (pl)
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Russian: за́падный (ru) (západnyj)
Sami:
Kildin Sami: вуэррьял (vuerr’’al)
Scottish Gaelic: siar, an iar
Slovak: západný (sk)
Spanish: occidental (es)
Swedish: västlig (sv)
Telugu: పాశ్చాత్య (pāścātya), పశ్చిమ (paścima)
Ukrainian: за́хідний (uk) m (záxidnyj)
Volapük: vesüdik (vo)
West Coast Bajau: barat

occidental

Armenian: արևմտյան (hy) (arewmtyan)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Czech: západní (cs)
Finnish: länsimaalainen
French: occidental (fr)
German: westlich (de), abendländisch (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) m (dytikós)
Japanese: 西洋 (ja) (せいよう, seiyō), 欧米 (ja) (おうべい, ōbei)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: rojawayî, xorawayî

Northern Kurdish: rojavayî (ku), xerbî (ku)
Latvian: rietumu
Macedonian: за́паден (západen), оксидента́лен (oksidentálen)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت (ms), کولون, مغرب

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Persian: غربی (fa) (ğarbi)
Polish: zachodni (pl)
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Russian: за́падный (ru) (západnyj)
Spanish: occidental (es)
Swedish: västerländsk (sv)
Volapük: vesüdänik (vo)
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westlik

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Basque: ^{(please verify)} sartaldeko, ^{(please verify)} mendebaleko
Breton: ^{(please verify)} kornôg (br)
Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} occidental, ^{(please verify)} del west
Italian: ^{(please verify)} occidentale (it)
Turkish: ^{(please verify)} batı (tr)

Adverb

west (not comparable)

Towards the west; westwards.

Translations

towards the west

Dutch: westwaarts (nl)
Estonian: läänes
Greek: δυτικά (el) (dytiká)
Icelandic: vestur (is)
Japanese: 西へ (nishi e)
Latvian: uz rietumiem
Polish: na zachód
Scottish Gaelic: an iar

Verb

west (third-person singular simple present wests, present participle westing, simple past and past participle wested)

To move to the west; (of the sun) to set. [from 15th c.]
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Prologue”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
  Foure times his place he shifted hath in sight, / And twice has risen, where he now doth West, / And wested twice, where he ought rise aright.

Anagrams

ESWT, Stew, Tews, ewts, stew, tews, wets

Cornish

Etymology

From English west.

Noun

west m

west

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

north-west (“north-west”)
soth-west (“south-west”)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch west, from Old Dutch west, from Proto-West Germanic *westr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą. Compare German West, English and West Frisian west, Danish vest.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋɛst/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: west
Rhymes: -ɛst

Adverb

west

(only in compounds) west
westwards

Synonyms

westwaarts

Antonyms

oost

Coordinate terms

(compass points)

noordwest	noord	noordoost
west		oost
zuidwest	zuid	zuidoost

Derived terms

Descendants

Afrikaans: wes
Negerhollands: west
→ Papiamentu: wèst

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English west.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwɛst/^[1]
Rhymes: -ɛst
Hyphenation: wèst

Noun

west m (invariable)

West (historic area of America)

References

^ west in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

See also: ost

Kashubian

Etymology

Borrowed from German West.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvɛst/
Rhymes: -ɛst
Syllabification: west

Noun

west m inan

(fishing) west
Synonyms: zôchód, zôpôd

Declension

Declension of west

	singular	plural
nominative	west	westë
genitive	westu	westów
dative	westowi	westóm
accusative	west	westë
instrumental	westã	westama
locative	wesce	westach
vocative	west/wesce	westë

Coordinate terms

(compass points)

Normal names

	norda północ
zôchód		pòrénk wschód
	pôłnie

Fishing names

nordwest	norda	nordóst
west		óst
zudwest	zuda	zudóst

Low German

Verb

west

past participle of wesen

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English west, from Proto-West Germanic *west, *westr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą, from *westraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wek(ʷ)speros (“evening”).

Alternative forms

wæst, weeste, weste

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /wɛst/
Rhymes: -ɛst

Noun

west

west (compass point)
A location to the south; the south
The west wind

Coordinate terms

(compass point): north, east, south

Derived terms

Westmestre
westen (“to move west”)

Related terms

westen (“west”)
westerne
westward

Descendants

English: west
Scots: wast

Adjective

west

west, western
At the west

Descendants

English: west
Scots: wast

Adverb

west

To the west, westwards, westbound
From the west, western
In the west

Descendants

English: west
Scots: wast

References

“west, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.
“west, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.
“west, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.

Etymology 2

Adjective

west

Alternative form of weste (“desolate”)

Etymology 3

Verb

west

Alternative form of westen (“to move west”)

Northern Kurdish

Noun

west f

act of tiring or getting tired

Derived terms

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *westr, see also Old High German west, Old Norse vestr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /west/

Adverb

west

west
- late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
  [Wiht] is þrittiġes mīla lang ēast ⁊ west, ⁊ twelf mīla brād sūð ⁊ norð.
  [Wight] is thirty miles long east-to-west and twelve miles wide north-to-south.

Derived terms

Descendants

Middle English: west
- English: west
- Scots: wast
→ Old French: west (see there for further descendants)

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Old English west.

Adverb

west

west

Descendants

French: ouest
- → Catalan: oest
- → Galician: oeste
- → Italian: ovest
- → Portuguese: oeste
- → Spanish: oeste

Old Saxon

Verb

wēst

second-person present indicative of witan

[1] west in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

[1]

west

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

Translations

Adverb

Translations

Verb

Anagrams

Cornish

Etymology

Noun

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Synonyms

Antonyms

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

Italian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Kashubian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Coordinate terms

Further reading

Low German

Verb

Middle English

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Adjective

Descendants

Adverb

Descendants

References

Etymology 2

Adjective

Etymology 3

Verb

Northern Kurdish

Noun

Derived terms

Old English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Derived terms

Descendants

Old French

Etymology

Adverb

Descendants

Old Saxon

Verb

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