znak
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See also: znāk
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech znak, from Proto-Slavic *znakъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znak m inan
- character (written or printed symbol, or letter)
- Řetězec "pes" sestává ze tří znaků. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- character, characteristic (a distinguishing feature)
- sign
- coat of arms
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “znak”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “znak”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “znak”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *znakъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znak m inan
- sign (mark or another symbol used to represent something; clearly visible object, generally flat, bearing a short message in words or pictures)
- sign, signal (gesture or look that replaces words and is used to convey some information to someone)
- sign, trace (that which shows that something existed or happened)
- (folklore) omen of death
- (astrology) star sign
Further reading
[edit]- Sychta, Bernard (1973) “znak”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 6 (U – Ž), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 244
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “znak”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *znakъ. First attested in the.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znak m inan
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Kuyavia, Greater Poland) sign (that which shows that something exists or may happen)
- 1968 [End of the 15th century], Roman Laskowski, Józef Reczek, editors, Glosy polskie rękopisu Sermones de tempore et de sanctis nr. XV 32 Biblioteki OO. Dominikanów w Krakowie z drugiej połowy XV wieku[5], Sandomierz: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, page 67:
- Sed eciam ex gracia signaculum, snak, sancte trinitatis sibi impressit
- [Sed eciam ex gracia signaculum, znak, Sancte Trinitatis sibi impressit]
- 1977 [End of the 15th century], “Vergili Georgicorum schedae Gnesnenses”, in Bogdanus Bolz, Wanda Żurowska-Górecka, editors, Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium, volume 3, page 82:
- Promptum est oculis prediscere nigram, et quisquis color zna[y]k
- [Promptum est oculis prediscere nigram, et quisquis color zna[y]k]
- 1981-2001 [Middle of the 15th century], Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editor, Glosy polskie w łacińskich kazaniach średniowiecznych, volume III, Dąbrówka Kujawska, Krakow, page 27:
- Nec fides, nec sciencia,... nec opera exteriora sunt signa, snaky, salutis
- [Nec fides, nec sciencia,... nec opera exteriora sunt signa, znaki, salutis]
- (attested in Greater Poland) sign, trace (that which shows that something existed or happened)
- 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 144:
- O raną szyną y nadąthą, gdzye sznakv szromothy nye czyny na *myeszczyv yawnym...., XXX szelągow mayą dacz za pokup
- [O ranę siną i nadętą, gdzie znaku sromoty nie czyni na mieścu jawnym...., XXX szelągow mają dać za pokup]
- 1868 [1451], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego[6], volume XIV, page 324:
- Nec direxerunt familiam eorum super curiam eius violenter, nec fecerunt hec, nec fecerunt vulnera eciam inferre, nec ibi fuerunt aliqua signeta istius al. znaky, parati sunt reducere de isto
- [Nec direxerunt familiam eorum super curiam eius violenter, nec fecerunt hec, nec fecerunt vulnera eciam inferre, nec ibi fuerunt aliqua signeta istius al. znaki, parati sunt reducere de isto]
- (attested in Masovia) sign (notch in a tree or an artificial mound to mark the boundary separating two areas belonging to two different owners, or the boundary itself)
- 1950 [1430], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 347b, Warsaw:
- Jakom ia Stanislawowy lanky ne *szayol any yemu snakow poczinil samowtor
- [Jakom ja Stanisławowi łąki nie zajął ani jemu znakow poczynił samowtor]
- marvel, wonder (something strange or miraculous)
- (attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain.
Derived terms
[edit]verbs
- znaczyć impf
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “znak”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “znak”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “znak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “znak”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish znak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znak m inan (diminutive znaczek, related adjective znakowy)
- sign (mark or another symbol used to represent something; clearly visible object, generally flat, bearing a short message in words or pictures)
- sign, signal (gesture or look that replaces words and is used to convey some information to someone)
- Synonym: sygnał
- sign (proof or evidence of something)
- Synonym: świadectwo
- sign (that which shows that something exists or may happen)
- Synonym: oznaka
- mark (physical mark on the body left by something) [with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]
- Synonym: ślad
- sign, trace (that which shows that something existed or happened)
- Synonym: ślad
- (archaic, heraldry) banner (coat of arms or a banner with a coat of arms)
- (obsolete, historical, military) banner (military basic organizational and tactical unit, approximately equivalent to the current company)
- (obsolete) paragraph; chapter; section
- (obsolete) tumulus, barrow (mound of earth over a grave)
- Synonym: kopiec
- (obsolete, military) password
- (obsolete) evidence; legitimation (recommendation, issued e.g. through a court to a priest to issue a certificate of interest)
- Synonym: legitymacja
- (obsolete, chemistry) chemical symbol
- Synonym: symbol chemiczny
- (obsolete, philosophy) sign (trait, characteristic)
- (obsolete, medicine) sign (property of the body that indicates a disease and, unlike a symptom, can be detected objectively by someone other than the patient)
- (obsolete, military) banner, emblem
Declension
[edit]Declension of znak
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
nouns
prepositions
verbs
- znaczyć impf
verbs
- być spod znaku impf
- dać się we znaki pf, dawać się we znaki impf
- nie dać znaku życia pf, nie dawać znaku życia impf
- postawić pod znakiem zapytania pf, stawiać pod znakiem zapytania impf
- postawić znak równości pf, stawiać znak równości impf
- stanąć pod znakiem zapytania pf, stawać pod znakiem zapytania impf
Further reading
[edit]- znak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- znak in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “znak”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], (Can we date this quote?)
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “znak”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “znak”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “znak”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 577
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *znakъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znȃk m (Cyrillic spelling зна̑к)
Declension
[edit]Declension of znak
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | znak | znȁkovi / znȃci |
genitive | znaka | znakova / znaka |
dative | znaku | znakovima / znacima |
accusative | znak | znakove / znake |
vocative | znače | znakovi / znaci |
locative | znaku | znakovima / znacima |
instrumental | znakom | znakovima / znacima |
Related terms
[edit]Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish znak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]znak m inan
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
verbs
- znaczyć impf
Related terms
[edit]adverbs
nouns
Further reading
[edit]- znak in silling.org
- Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “znak”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 165
Slovincian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *znakъ.
Noun
[edit]znak m inan
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vъznakъ.
Adverb
[edit]znak (not comparable)
- on one's back
Further reading
[edit]- Lorentz, Friedrich (1912) “znãk”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch[11] (in German), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1426
Categories:
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech terms with usage examples
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns
- cs:Communication
- cs:Heraldry
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ak
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ak/1 syllable
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian masculine nouns
- Kashubian inanimate nouns
- csb:Folklore
- csb:Astrology
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish masculine nouns
- Old Polish inanimate nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Kuyavia Old Polish
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Masovia Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ak
- Rhymes:Polish/ak/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish terms with archaic senses
- pl:Heraldry
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Polish terms with historical senses
- pl:Military
- pl:Chemistry
- pl:Philosophy
- pl:Medicine
- pl:Communication
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ak
- Rhymes:Silesian/ak/1 syllable
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian masculine nouns
- Silesian inanimate nouns
- Slovincian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Slovincian/ak
- Rhymes:Slovincian/ak/1 syllable
- Slovincian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovincian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovincian lemmas
- Slovincian nouns
- Slovincian masculine nouns
- Slovincian inanimate nouns
- Slovincian adverbs
- Slovincian uncomparable adverbs