دفتر
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Persian dptl (daftar), from Aramaic דפתרא / ܕܦܬܪܐ, from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]دَفْتَر • (daftar) m (plural دَفَاتِر (dafātir))
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun دَفْتَر (daftar)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دَفْتَر daftar |
الدَّفْتَر ad-daftar |
دَفْتَر daftar |
| Nominative | دَفْتَرٌ daftarun |
الدَّفْتَرُ ad-daftaru |
دَفْتَرُ daftaru |
| Accusative | دَفْتَرًا daftaran |
الدَّفْتَرَ ad-daftara |
دَفْتَرَ daftara |
| Genitive | دَفْتَرٍ daftarin |
الدَّفْتَرِ ad-daftari |
دَفْتَرِ daftari |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | دَفْتَرَيْن daftarayn |
الدَّفْتَرَيْن ad-daftarayn |
دَفْتَرَيْ daftaray |
| Nominative | دَفْتَرَانِ daftarāni |
الدَّفْتَرَانِ ad-daftarāni |
دَفْتَرَا daftarā |
| Accusative | دَفْتَرَيْنِ daftarayni |
الدَّفْتَرَيْنِ ad-daftarayni |
دَفْتَرَيْ daftaray |
| Genitive | دَفْتَرَيْنِ daftarayni |
الدَّفْتَرَيْنِ ad-daftarayni |
دَفْتَرَيْ daftaray |
| Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دَفَاتِر dafātir |
الدَّفَاتِر ad-dafātir |
دَفَاتِر dafātir |
| Nominative | دَفَاتِرُ dafātiru |
الدَّفَاتِرُ ad-dafātiru |
دَفَاتِرُ dafātiru |
| Accusative | دَفَاتِرَ dafātira |
الدَّفَاتِرَ ad-dafātira |
دَفَاتِرَ dafātira |
| Genitive | دَفَاتِرَ dafātira |
الدَّفَاتِرِ ad-dafātiri |
دَفَاتِرِ dafātiri |
Descendants
[edit]Descendants
- → Afar: daftár
- → Azerbaijani: dəftər
- → Bashkir: дәфтәр (dəftər)
- → Fula: deftere
- → Malay: daftar
- → Indonesian: daftar
- → Kazakh: дәптер (däpter)
- → Kyrgyz: дептер (depter)
- → Ottoman Turkish: دفتر (defter)
- → Persian: دفتر (daftar)
- → Tibetan: དེབ་ཐེར་ (deb ther)
- → Turkmen: depder
- → Uyghur: دەپتەر (depter)
- → Uzbek: daftar
References
[edit]- Wehr, Hans (1979) “دفتر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- ^ "Daftar" in Bernard Lewis (1991), Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd edition, volume 2: C-G, edited by B. Lewis, Ch. Pellat and J. Schacht, assisted by J. Burton-Page, C. Dumont and V.L. Ménage, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, page 77b
- ^ http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/daftar-mid
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar, “register; notebook”), from Aramaic דהפתּיר (defter), ultimately from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra)
Noun
[edit]دفتر • (defter) (plural دفاتر (defatir))
- register, ledger, a book used for the inscription of lists, accounts, etc.
- Synonym: جریده (ceride)
- notebook, rough book, a book in which notes and memoranda are written
- Synonym: سفینه (sefine)
- roll, catalogue, list, inventory, especially the ones kept for official purposes
- Synonym: پوصوله (pusula)
Derived terms
[edit]- دفتر امینی (defter emini, “chief officer of the Finance Department”)
- دفتر خاقانی (defter hakani, “Cadastre Department”)
- دفترخانه (defterhane, “cadastre office”)
- دفتردار (defterdar, “keeper of any register”)
- دفتری (defteri, “pertaining to a register”)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: defter
- → Bulgarian: тефте́р (teftér)
- → Crimean Tatar: defter
- → English: defter
- → Greek: τεφτέρι (teftéri)
- → Ladino: tefter
- → Macedonian: тефтер (tefter)
- → Romanian: tefter
- → Serbo-Croatian:
Further reading
[edit]- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “defter”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1126
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دفتر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 225a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دفتر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 574
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Registrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 1453
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دفتر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 2096
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “defter”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دفتر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 906
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (dptl /daftar/), from Aramaic דפתרא / ܕܦܬܪܐ, from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra). The learned plural دفاتر (dafâter) is re-borrowed from Arabic.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [daf.ˈtaɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪æf.t̪ʰǽɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪äf.t̪ʰǽɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | daftar |
| Dari reading? | daftar |
| Iranian reading? | daftar |
| Tajik reading? | daftar |
Noun
[edit]| Dari | دفتر |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | дафтар |
دفتر • (daftar) (plural دفترها (daftar-hâ) or دفاتر (dafâter))
- register, account book
- وارد دفتر کردن
- vâred-e daftar kardan
- to register, to make an entry in the account book
- notebook, journal
- دفتر خاطرات روزانه
- daftar-e xâterât-e ruzâne
- personal journal
- (literally, “notebook of daily thoughts”)
- c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 162”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ][6]:
- بشوی اوراق اگر همدرس مایی
که علم عشق در دفتر نباشد- bišōy awrāq agar hamdars-i mā-yī
ki ilm-i išq dar daftar na-bāšad - Wash away the pages if you are our classmate,
For the science of love is not in the notebooks.
- bišōy awrāq agar hamdars-i mā-yī
- office, office building
- رفتم دفترم ― raftam daftar-am ― I went to my office
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Bailey, H. W. (1933) “Western Iranian Dialects”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, volume 32, number 1, page 50
- http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/daftar-mid
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Urdu دفتر
Borrowed from Classical Persian دَفْتَر (daftar).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əf.t̪əɾ/
- Rhymes: -əɾ
Noun
[edit]دَفْتَر • (daftar) m (Hindi spelling दफ़्तर)
Declension
[edit]| Declension of دفتر | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| direct | دَفْتَر (daftar) | دَفْتَر (daftar) | ||||||
| oblique | دَفْتَر (daftar) | دَفْتَروں (daftarõ) | ||||||
| vocative | دَفْتَر (daftar) | دَفْتَرو (daftaro) | ||||||
References
[edit]Categories:
- Arabic terms borrowed from Middle Persian
- Arabic terms derived from Middle Persian
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- ar:Paper
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Aramaic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Books
- Persian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Aramaic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with collocations
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Persian terms with quotations
- fa:Paper
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns