कवि

See also: कवी

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कवि (kaví).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /kə.ʋiː/, [kɐ.ʋiː]

Noun

कवि • (kavi) m (feminine कवयित्री)

1. poet

Declension

Declension of कवि (masc i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कवि kavi	कवि kavi
oblique	कवि kavi	कवियों kaviyõ
vocative	कवि kavi	कवियो kaviyo

Marathi

Etymology

From Old Marathi 𑘎𑘪𑘱 (kavi), from Sanskrit कवि (kaví).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kə.ʋi/, [kə.ʋiː]

Noun

कवि • (kavi) m

1. poet

Declension

Declension of कवि (masc ī-stem)
direct singular	कवि kavi
direct plural	कव kav
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	कवि kavi		कव kav
oblique सामान्यरूप	कव kav		कवं- kavn-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	कवला kavlā		कवंना kavnnā
ergative	कवने, कवनं kavne, kavna		कवंनी kavnnī
instrumental	कवशी kavśī		कवंशी kavnśī
locative सप्तमी	कवत kavt		कवंत kavt
vocative संबोधन	कव kav		कवंनो kavnno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of कवि (masc ī-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	कवचा kavċā	कवचे kavċe	कवची kavcī	कवच्या kavcā	कवचे, कवचं kavċe, kavċa	कवची kavcī	कवच्या kavcā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	कवंचा kavnċā	कवंचे kavnċe	कवंची kavñcī	कवंच्या kavncā	कवंचे, कवंचं kavnċe, kavnċa	कवंची kavñcī	कवंच्या kavñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कवि”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “कवि”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “कवि”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• kavi (Latin script)
• 𑀓𑀯𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• কৰি (Bengali script)
• කවි (Sinhalese script)
• ကဝိ or ၵဝိ (Burmese script)
• กวิ or กะวิ (Thai script)
• ᨠᩅᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ກວິ or ກະວິ (Lao script)
• កវិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄇𑅇𑄨 (Chakma script)

Noun

कवि m

1. Devanagari script form of kavi

Declension

Declension table of "कवि" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	कवि (kavi)	कवयो (kavayo) or कवी (kavī)
Accusative (second)	कविं (kaviṃ)	कवयो (kavayo) or कवी (kavī)
Instrumental (third)	कविना (kavinā)	कवीहि (kavīhi) or कवीभि (kavībhi)
Dative (fourth)	कविस्स (kavissa) or कविनो (kavino)	कवीनं (kavīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	कविस्मा (kavismā) or कविम्हा (kavimhā)	कवीहि (kavīhi) or कवीभि (kavībhi)
Genitive (sixth)	कविस्स (kavissa) or कविनो (kavino)	कवीनं (kavīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	कविस्मिं (kavismiṃ) or कविम्हि (kavimhi)	कवीसु (kavīsu)
Vocative (calling)	कवि (kavi)	कवयो (kavayo) or कवी (kavī)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কৱি (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬯᬶ (Balinese script)
• কবি (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰪𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀯𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ကဝိ (Burmese script)
• કવિ (Gujarati script)
• ਕਵਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑌵𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦮꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑂫𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಕವಿ (Kannada script)
• កវិ (Khmer script)
• ກວິ (Lao script)
• കവി (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᠠᠸᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘪𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠠᠸᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑧊𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐰𑐶 (Newa script)
• କଵି (Odia script)
• ꢒꢮꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆮𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖪𑖰 (Siddham script)
• කවි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩾𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚦𑚮 (Takri script)
• கவி (Tamil script)
• కవి (Telugu script)
• กวิ (Thai script)
• ཀ་ཝི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒫𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨭𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *káwHiš (“seer, saint, poet”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kowh₁-i-s, from *(s)kewh₁- (“to observe, to perceive”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 (kauui), Ancient Greek κῦδος (kûdos), Latin caveō, Old Armenian ցուցանեմ (cʻucʻanem, “I show”) and English show.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ.ʋí/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐ.ʋi/

Noun

कवि • (kaví) stem, m

1. wise man, sage, seer, prophet
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.32.2:

     स मा॒तरा॒ सूर्ये॑णा कवी॒नाम्अवा॑सयद्रु॒जदद्रिं॑ गृणा॒नः। स्वा॒धीभि॒ॠक्व॑भिर्वावशा॒न उदु॒स्रिया॑णामसृजन्नि॒दान॑म्॥

     sá mātárā sū́ryeṇā kavīnā́mávāsayadrujádádriṃ gṛṇānáḥ. svādhī́bhiṝ́kvabhirvāvaśāná údusríyāṇāmasṛjannidā́nam.

     Amid the sages, with the Sun he brightened the Parents: glorified, he burst the mountain;
     And, roaring with the holy-thoughted singers, he loosed the bond that held the beams of Morning.

2. a singer, bard, poet
3. thinker, intelligent man, man of understanding, leader
4. (figuratively) name of the gates of the sacrificial enclosure (compare कवष् (kaváṣ))

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of कवि (kaví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कविः kavíḥ	कवी kavī́	कवयः kaváyaḥ
Vocative	कवे káve	कवी kávī	कवयः kávayaḥ
Accusative	कविम् kavím	कवी kavī́	कवीन् kavī́n
Instrumental	कविना / कव्या¹ kavínā / kavyā́¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभिः kavíbhiḥ
Dative	कवये kaváye	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Ablative	कवेः / कव्यः¹ kavéḥ / kavyáḥ¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Genitive	कवेः / कव्यः¹ kavéḥ / kavyáḥ¹	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कवीनाम् kavīnā́m
Locative	कवौ / कवा¹ kavaú / kavā́¹	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कविषु kavíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• काव्य (kāvyá, “poem”)

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀇 (kaï)
• Pali: kavi
• → French: kawi
• → Old Javanese: kawi
  • Javanese: ꦏꦮꦶ (kawi, “Old Javanese; poet”)
  • → Balinese: ᬓᬯᬶ (kawi, “Old Javanese”)
• → Russian: кави (kavi)
• → Bengali: কবি (kobi) (learned)
• → Chakma: 𑄇𑄧𑄝𑄨 (kabi) (learned)
• → Hindi: कवि (kavi) (learned)
• → Kannada: ಕವಿ (kavi) (learned)
• → Malay: kawi (learned)
• → Malayalam: കവി (kavi) (learned)
• → Marathi: कवि (kavi) (learned)
• → Punjabi: ਕਵੀ (kavī) (learned)
• → Tamil: கவி (kavi) (learned)
• → Telugu: కవి (kavi) (learned)
• → Thai: กวี (gà-wii) (learned)

Adjective

कवि • (kaví) stem

1. gifted with insight, intelligent, knowing, enlightened, wise, sensible, prudent, skilful, cunning
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.11.4:

     पु॒रां भि॒न्दुर्युवा॑ क॒विर्अमि॑तौजा अजायत।
     इन्द्रो॒ विश्व॑स्य॒ कर्म॑णो ध॒र्ता व॒ज्री पु॑रुष्टु॒तः॥

     purā́ṃ bhindúryúvā kavírámitaujā ajāyata.
     índro víśvasya kármaṇo dhartā́ vajrī́ puruṣṭutáḥ.

     Crusher of forts, the young, the wise, of strength unmeasured, was he born
     Sustainer of each sacred rite, Indra, the Thunderer, much-extolled.

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of कवि (kaví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कविः kavíḥ	कवी kavī́	कवयः kaváyaḥ
Vocative	कवे káve	कवी kávī	कवयः kávayaḥ
Accusative	कविम् kavím	कवी kavī́	कवीन् kavī́n
Instrumental	कविना / कव्या¹ kavínā / kavyā́¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभिः kavíbhiḥ
Dative	कवये kaváye	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Ablative	कवेः / कव्यः¹ kavéḥ / kavyáḥ¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Genitive	कवेः / कव्यः¹ kavéḥ / kavyáḥ¹	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कवीनाम् kavīnā́m
Locative	कवौ / कवा¹ kavaú / kavā́¹	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कविषु kavíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine i-stem declension of कवि (kaví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कविः kavíḥ	कवी kavī́	कवयः kaváyaḥ
Vocative	कवे káve	कवी kávī	कवयः kávayaḥ
Accusative	कविम् kavím	कवी kavī́	कवीः kavī́ḥ
Instrumental	कव्या / कवी¹ kavyā́ / kavī́¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभिः kavíbhiḥ
Dative	कवये / कव्यै² / कवी¹ kaváye / kavyaí² / kavī́¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Ablative	कवेः / कव्याः² / कव्यै³ kavéḥ / kavyā́ḥ² / kavyaí³	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Genitive	कवेः / कव्याः² / कव्यै³ kavéḥ / kavyā́ḥ² / kavyaí³	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कवीनाम् kavīnā́m
Locative	कवौ / कव्याम्² / कवा¹ kavaú / kavyā́m² / kavā́¹	कव्योः kavyóḥ	कविषु kavíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

Neuter i-stem declension of कवि (kaví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कवि kaví	कविनी kavínī	कवीनि / कवि¹ / कवी¹ kavī́ni / kaví¹ / kavī́¹
Vocative	कवि / कवे kávi / káve	कविनी kávinī	कवीनि / कवि¹ / कवी¹ kávīni / kávi¹ / kávī¹
Accusative	कवि kaví	कविनी kavínī	कवीनि / कवि¹ / कवी¹ kavī́ni / kaví¹ / kavī́¹
Instrumental	कविना / कव्या¹ kavínā / kavyā́¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभिः kavíbhiḥ
Dative	कविने / कवये¹ kavíne / kaváye¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Ablative	कविनः / कवेः¹ kavínaḥ / kavéḥ¹	कविभ्याम् kavíbhyām	कविभ्यः kavíbhyaḥ
Genitive	कविनः / कवेः¹ kavínaḥ / kavéḥ¹	कविनोः kavínoḥ	कवीनाम् kavīnā́m
Locative	कविनि / कवौ¹ / कवा¹ kavíni / kavaú¹ / kavā́¹	कविनोः kavínoḥ	कविषु kavíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• “कवि” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 114.
• Monier Williams (1899) “कवि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0264/2.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कवि”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 065
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 204
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 328-9