奮

See also: 奋

奮 U+596E, 奮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-596E ← 奭 [U+596D] CJK Unified Ideographs 奯 → [U+596F]

Translingual

Han character

奮 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大人土田 (KOGW), four-corner 4060₁, composition ⿱奞田)

Derived characters

• 𢅯, 𢤬

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 254, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6012
• Dae Jaweon: page 515, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 550, character 3
• Unihan data for U+596E

Chinese

trad.		奮
simp.		奋*
alternative forms		𡚒 possibly erroneous

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奮
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 奞 (“bird”) + 田 (“field”) – bird spreading its wings to fly.

Etymology

Related to 翂 (OC *pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and 飛 (OC *pɯl, “to fly”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun
• Eastern Min (BUC): hóng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hùn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hung³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
    • Wade–Giles: fên⁴
    • Yale: fèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
    • Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fan⁵
    • Yale: fáhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fun⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hóng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /houŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
    • Tâi-lô: hùn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hung³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵fen
    • MiniDict: fen^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fən³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjunH

Rime
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方問切
Baxter	pjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨunH/
Pan Wuyun	/piunH/
Shao Rongfen	/piuənH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/punH/
Li Rong	/piuənH/
Wang Li	/pĭuənH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯uənH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*(Cə.)pə[r]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjunH ›
Old Chinese	/*(Cə.)pə[r]-s/ (W dialect)
English	spread wings and fly
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
No.	3196
Phonetic component	奮
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	糞
Old Chinese	/*pɯns/

Definitions

奮

1. (of bird) to spread and flutter the wings
2. to shake; to vibrate
3. to wield; to wave
4. to dash ahead; to put to good use
5. to strive; to exert effort
6. to arouse; to stimulate
7. a surname

Compounds

• 亢奮／亢奋 (kàngfèn)
• 勤奮／勤奋 (qínfèn)
• 告奮勇／告奋勇
• 奮不顧身／奋不顾身 (fènbùgùshēn)
• 奮力／奋力 (fènlì)
• 奮勉／奋勉 (fènmiǎn)
• 奮勇／奋勇 (fènyǒng)
• 奮勇爭先／奋勇争先
• 奮勇當先／奋勇当先
• 奮勵／奋励
• 奮威／奋威 (fènwēi)
• 奮志／奋志 (fènzhì)
• 奮戰／奋战 (fènzhàn)
• 奮擊／奋击
• 奮武揚威／奋武扬威
• 奮激／奋激 (fènjī)
• 奮然／奋然 (fènrán)
• 奮發／奋发 (fènfā)
• 奮發向上／奋发向上
• 奮發圖強／奋发图强 (fènfātúqiáng)
• 奮發有為／奋发有为
• 奮發自強／奋发自强
• 奮發蹈厲／奋发蹈厉
• 奮矜／奋矜
• 奮筆疾書／奋笔疾书
• 奮翅／奋翅
• 奮臂／奋臂
• 奮袂攘襟／奋袂攘襟
• 奮袂而起／奋袂而起
• 奮起／奋起 (fènqǐ)
• 奮起直追／奋起直追
• 奮身／奋身
• 奮身獨步／奋身独步
• 奮辭／奋辞
• 奮進／奋进 (fènjìn)
• 奮逸響／奋逸响
• 奮飛／奋飞
• 奮鬥／奋斗 (fèndòu)
• 奮鬥不懈／奋斗不懈
• 孤軍奮戰／孤军奋战 (gūjūnfènzhàn)
• 感奮／感奋 (gǎnfèn)
• 愈挫愈奮／愈挫愈奋
• 振奮／振奋 (zhènfèn)
• 振奮人心／振奋人心 (zhènfènrénxīn)
• 振鱗奮翼／振鳞奋翼
• 揚眉奮髯／扬眉奋髯
• 浴血奮戰／浴血奋战
• 激奮／激奋 (jīfèn)
• 猛奮／猛奋
• 自告奮勇／自告奋勇 (zìgàofènyǒng)
• 興奮／兴奋 (xīngfèn)
• 興奮劑／兴奋剂 (xīngfènjì)
• 艱苦奮鬥／艰苦奋斗 (jiānkǔfèndòu)
• 貫頤奮戟／贯颐奋戟
• 蹈厲奮發／蹈厉奋发
• 韜光俟奮／韬光俟奋

 

Japanese

Kanji

奮

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. agitation
2. rouse

Readings

• Go-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
• Kun: ふるう (furuu, 奮う, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 奮(ふん)闘(とう) (funtō): tough struggle
• 奮(ふん)発(ぱつ) (funpatsu): splurge

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 奮 (MC pjunH).

Hanja

奮 (eumhun 떨칠 분 (tteolchil bun))

1. hanja form^? of 분 (“strive, exert effort”)
2. hanja form^? of 분 (“arouse”)

Vietnamese

Han character

奮: Hán Nôm readings: phấn

1. chữ Hán form of phấn (“to agitate; to shake; to arouse; impetuous”).

Compounds

• 奮激 (phấn khích)
• 奮發 (phấn phát)
• 奮起 (phấn khởi)
• 奮鬥 (phấn đấu)
• 興奮 (hưng phấn)