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教

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 敎
教 U+6559, 教
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6559
← 敘
[U+6558] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敚 →
[U+655A]

Translingual

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Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

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教 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十木人大 (JDOK), four-corner 48440, composition ⿰孝攵)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 472, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13213
  • Dae Jaweon: page 823, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1459, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6559

Chinese

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trad. 教/敎
simp. 教
alternative forms
斅／𢽾
𧧿
𤕝
敎／教
𡥉
斅／𢽾
𧧿
𤕝
敎／教
𡥉
𡥈
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 教
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːw, *kraːws) : phonetic 爻 (OC *ɢraːw, “divination”) + semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 攵 (“teaching cane; stick that represents authority”) – teaching a child either counting with bamboo slips or divination with yarrow stalks. See also 學 and 算.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

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Note: gaau1 - rare.
Note:
  • háu - vernacular;
  • ga̿u - literary.
Note:
  • gá - vernacular;
  • gáu - literary.
Note:
  • kà - vernacular;
  • kàu - literary.
Note:
  • 5kau - vernacular;
  • 5ciau - literary.
Note:
  • gau4 - vernacular;
  • jiau4 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 肴 (90)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古肴切
    Baxter kaew
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠau/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚau/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kau/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨw/
    Li
    Rong         		/kau/
    Wang
    Li         		/kau/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kau/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiāo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaau1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiāo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæw ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s.[k]ˁraw/
    English teach

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 14642
    Phonetic
    component         		爻
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		交
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraːw/
    Notes 甲文即象執杖敎子，
    再加爻聲

    Definitions

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    教

    1. to teach; to instruct
      我來教你。／我来教你。  ―  Wǒ lái jiāo nǐ.  ―  Let me teach you.
    Synonyms
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    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 2

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    Rime
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 肴 (90)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古肴切
    Baxter kaew
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠau/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚau/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kau/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨw/
    Li
    Rong         		/kau/
    Wang
    Li         		/kau/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kau/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiāo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaau1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiāo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæw ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s.[k]ˁraw/
    English teach

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 教
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 14642
    Phonetic
    component         		爻
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		交
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraːw/
    Notes 甲文即象執杖敎子，
    再加爻聲

    Definitions

    [edit]

    教

    1. to cause; to make
      Synonym: 叫 (jiào)
      教人哭笑不得  ―  jiào rén kūxiàobùdé  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 3

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    Note:
    • kà - vernacular (“to tell someone to do something”);
    • kàu - literary.
    Note:
    • ga3 - vernacular;
    • gao3 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 教
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 肴 (90)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古孝切
    Baxter kaewH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠauH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚauH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kauH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨwH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kauH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kauH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kauH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaau3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 教
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiào
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæwH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s.kˁraw-s/
    English teaching; instruction

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 教
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 14643
    Phonetic
    component         		爻
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		敎
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraːws/

    Definitions

    [edit]

    教

    1. to provide guidance; to instruct
    2. (obsolete or Southern Min) to tell (someone to do something); to let; to instruct
    3. etiquette; rules; customs
    4. religion; faith; religious teachings
      你信什麼教？／你信什么教？  ―  Nǐ xìn shénme jiào?  ―  What is your religion?
    5. a surname

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    教

    (Second grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. to teach; teachings, doctrine

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Compounds

    Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    教
    きょう
    Grade: 2
    on'yomi

    /keu/ → /kjoː/

    From Middle Chinese 教 (MC kaew|kaewH, “to teach, to instruct”).

    Pronunciation

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    Affix

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    教(きょう) • (kyō) ←けう (keu)?

    1. teaching
    2. doctrine
    Usage notes
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    Only used in kanji compounds. Never used in isolation with this reading.

    Suffix

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    教(きょう) • (-kyō) ←けう (-keu)?

    1. -ism (religion)
    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

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    Kanji in this term
    教
    さとし
    Grade: 2
    kun'yomi

    From either the classical 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal form”) satoshi of modern adjective 聡い (satoi, “clever, sharp-witted”), or the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) satoshi of cognate verb 諭す (satosu, “to admonish, persuade, remonstrate → to redirect into a smarter direction”).

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    教(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

    1. a male given name

    References

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    • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    教 (eumhun 가르칠 교 (gareuchil gyo))

    1. Alternative form of 敎 (“hanja form? of 교 (“to teach; class”)”)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    教: Hán Việt readings: giao, giáo
    教: Nôm readings: dáo, giáo, ráu, tráo

    1. chữ Hán form of giáo (“of teaching or educating; religion”).
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