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杯

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 盃
杯 U+676F, 杯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-676F
← 杮
[U+676E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 杰 →
[U+6770]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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杯 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木一火 (DMF), four-corner 41990, composition ⿰木不)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 513, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14497
  • Dae Jaweon: page 899, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1166, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+676F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 杯
alternative forms 桮
盃

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (不) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
肧 *pʰlɯː, *pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː
俖 *pʰɯːʔ
娝 *prɯʔ
痞 *prɯʔ, *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ
丕 *pʰrɯ
伾 *pʰrɯ
秠 *pʰrɯ, *pʰrɯʔ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ
駓 *pʰrɯ
怌 *pʰrɯ
豾 *pʰrɯ
髬 *pʰrɯ
魾 *pʰrɯ, *brɯ
鉟 *pʰrɯ, *brɯ
嚭 *pʰrɯʔ
邳 *brɯ
岯 *brɯ
否 *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ
抔 *bɯ, *pʰlɯː
不 *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ'
紑 *pɯ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ
鴀 *pɯ, *pɯʔ
衃 *pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː
罘 *bɯ
芣 *bɯ
杯 *plɯː
盃 *plɯː
桮 *pɯː
坯 *pʰɯː
胚 *pʰɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *plɯː) : semantic 木 + phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ'). According to a variant, the phonetic component is 否, which also had the ancient meaning of "to block", perhaps referred to liquids in a glass.

Etymology 1

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Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཕོར་པ (phor pa, “bowl; cup”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 杯
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 布回切
Baxter pwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/puʌi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/puoi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/puɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pwəj/
Li
Rong 		/puᴀi/
Wang
Li 		/puɒi/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/puɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bēi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bui1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 杯
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bēi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pwoj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁə/
English cup

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 杯
Reading # 1/1
No. 1040
Phonetic
component 		不
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		桮
Old
Chinese 		/*plɯː/
Notes 同桮

Definitions

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杯

  1. drinkware; cup; glass; mug (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
    杯子  ―  bēizi  ―  drinkware; cup; glass
  2. cup; trophy
    世界杯  ―  shìjièbēi  ―  world cup
  3. alcoholic drink
    貪杯／贪杯  ―  tānbēi  ―  to drink alcohol excessively
  4. Classifier for cups/glasses of drinks/food.
    一杯茶  ―  yī bēi chá  ―  a cup of tea
    還想喝一杯嗎？／还想喝一杯吗？  ―  Hái xiǎng hē yī bēi ma?  ―  Would you like another drink?
    一大杯水 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 daai6 bui1 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  a huge glass of water
    一杯雪糕 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 bui1 syut3 gou1 [Jyutping]  ―  a cup of ice cream
  5. (Cantonese, Eastern Min, Southern Min) moon blocks (divination device)
Usage notes
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  • Nowadays, the variant character 盃 is chiefly used as sense 2, "cup, trophy".
Synonyms
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  • (drinkware):
Dialectal synonyms of 杯子 (“drinkware; cup; glass; mug”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 杯子
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 杯子
Taiwan 杯子
Malaysia 杯
Singapore 杯
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 杯子
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 杯子
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 杯子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 杯杯, 杯子
Wuhan 杯子, 盞子
Guilin 杯子
Liuzhou 杯子
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 杯子
Hefei 杯子, 盞子
Cantonese Guangzhou 杯
Hong Kong 杯
Dongguan 杯
Yangjiang 杯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 杯
Singapore (Guangfu) 杯
Gan Nanchang 杯子, 盅子, 甌子
Pingxiang 杯子, 盅子
Hakka Meixian 杯仔
Xingning 杯哩
Huidong (Daling) 杯仔
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 杯子
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 杯仔
Changting 甌哩
Wuping 杯
Wuping (Pingyu) 杯
Liancheng 甌子
Ninghua 杯
Ruijin 盞子, 杯
Shicheng 盅子, 杯
Shangyou (Shexi) 甌子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 杯仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 杯仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 杯仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 杯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 杯仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 甌, 杯
Huizhou Jixi 杯子, 杯
Jin Taiyuan 杯子
Xinzhou 杯子
Northern Min Jian'ou 甌仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 杯杯
Matsu 杯杯
Southern Min Xiamen 杯, 杯仔, 甌仔
Quanzhou 杯, 甌仔
Zhangzhou 杯, 甌仔
Tainan 杯仔, 甌仔
Penang (Hokkien) 甌
Singapore (Hokkien) 杯, 杯仔
Manila (Hokkien) 杯
Medan (Hokkien) 杯
Chaozhou 杯
Shantou 杯, 盅
Jieyang 杯
Haifeng 杯仔
Singapore (Teochew) 杯
Wenchang 盅
Haikou 盅
Singapore (Hainanese) 盅
Puxian Min Putian 杯
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 茶杯
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 杯
Wu Shanghai 杯子
Suzhou 杯子
Wenzhou 杯
Xiang Changsha 杯子, 盅子
Shuangfeng 杯子, 盅子
  • (trophy): 獎盃／奖杯 (jiǎngbēi)
  • (classifier for cups):
Dialectal synonyms of 杯 (“classifier for cups of drinks/food”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 杯
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 杯
Malaysia 杯
Singapore 杯
Cantonese Hong Kong 杯
Singapore (Guangfu) 杯
Hakka Meixian 杯
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 杯
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 杯
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 杯
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 杯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 杯
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 杯
Southern Min Xiamen 杯
Quanzhou 杯
Zhangzhou 杯
Tainan 杯
Penang (Hokkien) 甌
Singapore (Hokkien) 杯
Manila (Hokkien) 杯
Haifeng 杯
Singapore (Teochew) 杯
Wenchang 盅
Haikou 盅
Singapore (Hainanese) 盅
Wu Shanghai 杯
  • (moon blocks):
Dialectal synonyms of 杯珓 (“moon blocks”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 珓, 杯珓
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 杯筊, 杯
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 卦
Wuhan 珓
Liuzhou 珓杯
Jianghuai Mandarin Nantong 珓
Cantonese Guangzhou 杯, 珓杯
Hong Kong 杯
Dongguan 杯
Gan Nanchang 珓
Lichuan 珓片, 珓
Hakka Meixian 珓
Yudu 珓
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 珓
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 珓
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 珓
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 珓
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 珓
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 珓
Huizhou Jixi 珓
Northern Min Jian'ou 珓杯, 神珓仔, 神珓
Eastern Min Fuzhou 珓杯, 杯
Southern Min Xiamen 杯
Quanzhou 杯, 信杯
Zhangzhou 杯
Shantou 杯
Shantou (Chenghai) 杯
Jieyang 杯
Leizhou 杯殼
Haikou 杯
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 珓子
Wu Suzhou 珓
Hangzhou 珓
Ningbo 珓背
Wenzhou 珓杯
Jinhua 珓
Xiang Changsha 卦
Descendants
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Sino-Xenic (杯):
  • → Japanese: 杯(はい) (hai)

Others:

  • → Zhuang: boi
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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From 杯葛 (bui1 got3).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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杯

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to boycott

Japanese

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Kanji

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杯

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. cup

Readings

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  • Go-on: へ (he)
  • Kan-on: はい (hai, Jōyō)
  • Kun: さかずき (sakazuki, 杯, Jōyō)←さかづき (sakaduki, 杯, historical)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
杯
さかずき
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 杯 – see the following entry.
【さかずき】
[noun] a sake cup
[noun] This term needs a translation to English.
[noun] an exchange of cups at a drinking party
Alternative spellings
盃, 巵, 盞, 坏, 酒坏, 酒盃
(This term, 杯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
杯
はい
Grade: S
Alternative spelling
盃

From Middle Chinese 杯 (puʌi).

Counter

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杯(はい) • (-hai) 

  1. cupfuls
  2. squids (as food)

Suffix

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杯(はい) • (-hai) 

  1. (games) cup (contest)

Synonyms

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Korean

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Hanja

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杯 (eumhun 잔 배 (jan bae))

  1. hanja form? of 배 (“cup, glass”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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杯: Hán Việt readings: bôi[1][2][3][4][5]
杯: Nôm readings: bôi[1][2]

  1. chữ Hán form of bôi (“cup”).

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Trần (2004).
  3. ^ Trần (1999).
  4. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
  5. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
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