群

See also: 羣

群 U+7FA4, 群 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FA4 ← 羣 [U+7FA3] CJK Unified Ideographs 羥 → [U+7FA5]

Translingual

Han character

群 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸口廿手 (SRTQ) or 難尸口廿手 (XSRTQ), four-corner 1865₁, composition ⿰君羊)

Derived characters

• 𡀳, 𡑱, 𪷧, 𤐆, 𫲳, 𨆤, 𨮉, 𬚀, 𤺽, 𦏓, 𭁝, 𱻖

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 952, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28498
• Dae Jaweon: page 1396, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3134, character 12
• Unihan data for U+7FA4

Chinese

trad.		群/羣
simp.		群

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (君) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
涒	*l̥ʰuːn
麏	*krun
莙	*krun, *ɡrunʔ, *klun
輑	*kʰrun
蜠	*kʰrun, *ɡrunʔ
峮	*kʰrun
窘	*ɡrunʔ
僒	*ɡrunʔ
君	*klun
桾	*klun
宭	*klun, *ɡlun
鮶	*klun
捃	*kluns
群	*ɡlun
羣	*ɡlun
裙	*ɡlun
裠	*ɡlun
帬	*ɡlun
焄	*qʰlun
郡	*ɡluns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡlun) : phonetic 君 (OC *klun) + semantic 羊.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kul (“twenty; all”); cognate with 昆 (OC *kuːn, “swarming”), Tibetan ཀུན (kun, “all”), Burmese အကုန် (a.kun, “all”) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qún (qun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄣˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чүн (čün, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan⁴

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiùn
• Eastern Min (BUC): gùng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kûn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kung⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jiun

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qún
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyún
    • Wade–Giles: chʻün²
    • Yale: chyún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyun
    • Palladius: цюнь (cjunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyn³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qúnr
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyúnr
    • Wade–Giles: chʻün²-ʼrh
    • Yale: chyúnr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyul
    • Palladius: цюньр (cjunʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyə̯ɻ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чүн (čün, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kwan⁴
    • Yale: kwàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiun²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kûn
    • Tâi-lô: kûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kun²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kung⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khûng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶jiun
    • MiniDict: jiuin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjyn
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑyn²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjun

Rime
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠云切
Baxter	gjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gun/
Li Rong	/ɡiuən/
Wang Li	/ɡĭuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ur/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡlun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qún
Middle Chinese	‹ gjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ur/
English	flock, herd, group
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
No.	7295
Phonetic component	君
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	羣
Old Chinese	/*ɡlun/
Notes	羣字所注或體

Definitions

群

1. group; crowd; flock; herd; pack
2. multitude; many people
3. (group theory) group
4. (social media) group (of a group chat)

   入群、退群  ―  rùqún, tuìqún  ―  to join a group, to leave a group

   群裡的dalao們／群里的dalao们  ―  qúnlǐ de dàlǎomen  ―  all the great masters in the group

   發錯群／发错群  ―  fā cuò qún  ―  to post to the wrong group

5. numerous; many
6. Classifier for groups of people or animals: group of; flock of; herd of; pack of
7. (Cantonese, often derogatory) to hang out with
8. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 群 (MC gjun)
9. a surname

Synonyms

• (group of people): 幫子／帮子 (bāngzi), 伙 (huǒ)

Compounds

• 一群 (yīqún)
• 不群
• 交群
• 人群 (rénqún)
• 佼佼不群
• 倜儻不群／倜傥不群
• 傲視群倫／傲视群伦
• 冠群
• 出群
• 出群拔萃
• 出類拔群／出类拔群
• 卓然不群
• 卓爾不群／卓尔不群 (zhuó'ěrbùqún)
• 卓爾出群／卓尔出群
• 卓絕群倫／卓绝群伦
• 博愛濟群／博爱济群
• 博覽群書／博览群书 (bólǎnqúnshū)
• 句群
• 合群 (héqún)
• 咬群
• 墓群 (mùqún, “cemetery”)
• 子群 (zǐqún, “subgroup”)
• 孢子囊群
• 害群之馬／害群之马 (hàiqúnzhīmǎ)
• 山群
• 廣群芳譜／广群芳谱
• 愛群／爱群
• 成群 (chéngqún)
• 拔群 (báqún)
• 拔群出萃
• 拔群出類／拔群出类
• 拔萃出群
• 挺拔不群
• 推群獨步／推群独步
• 敬業樂群／敬业乐群
• 族群 (zúqún)
• 星群 (xīngqún)
• 普濟群生／普济群生
• 李群 (lǐqún)
• 植物群落 (zhíwù qúnluò)
• 植群
• 樂群／乐群
• 機群／机群 (jīqún)
• 毛群 (máoqún)
• 波群
• 海水群飛／海水群飞
• 牧群 (mùqún)
• 狐群狗黨／狐群狗党 (húqún-gǒudǎng)
• 狗黨狐群／狗党狐群
• 獨立不群／独立不群
• 生物群聚
• 症候群 (zhènghòuqún)
• 矯矯不群／矫矫不群
• 空群
• 結黨聚群／结党聚群
• 結黨連群／结党连群
• 羊群 (yángqún)
• 群下
• 群倫／群伦
• 群像 (qúnxiàng)
• 群力 (qúnlì)
• 群口鑠金／群口铄金
• 群后
• 群小
• 群居 (qúnjū)
• 群屋
• 群山
• 群島／群岛 (qúndǎo)
• 群峰
• 群彥／群彦
• 群從／群从
• 群性
• 群情 (qúnqíng)
• 群架 (qúnjià)
• 群毆／群殴 (qún'ōu)
• 群波
• 群生 (qúnshēng)
• 群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
• 群策群力 (qúncèqúnlì)
• 群系
• 群組／群组 (qúnzǔ)
• 群經／群经 (qúnjīng)
• 群而不黨／群而不党 (qún'érbùdǎng)
• 群聚 (qúnjù)
• 群育
• 群舞 (qúnwǔ)
• 群芳 (qúnfāng)
• 群花 (qúnhuā)
• 群芳譜／群芳谱
• 群英 (qúnyīng)
• 群英會／群英会
• 群落 (qúnluò)
• 群蟻潰堤／群蚁溃堤
• 群蟻附羶／群蚁附羶
• 群論／群论 (qúnlùn)
• 群賢／群贤 (qúnxián)
• 群起 (qúnqǐ)
• 群輕折軸／群轻折轴
• 群輩／群辈
• 群辟
• 群醜／群丑
• 群間／群间
• 群雄 (qúnxióng)
• 群集 (qúnjí)
• 群雌粥粥
• 群雞一鶴／群鸡一鹤
• 群雨
• 群青 (qúnqīng)
• 群飛／群飞
• 群馬／群马 (Qúnmǎ)
• 群體／群体 (qúntǐ)
• 群魔亂舞／群魔乱舞 (qúnmóluànwǔ)
• 群黎
• 群龍無首／群龙无首 (qúnlóngwúshǒu)
• 胞子囊群
• 虎入羊群 (hǔrùyángqún)
• 虎蕩羊群／虎荡羊群
• 蜂群
• 語群／语群
• 豔冠群芳／艳冠群芳
• 豪邁不群／豪迈不群
• 超俗拔群
• 超然不群
• 超群 (chāoqún)
• 跌宕不群
• 軼群／轶群
• 軼群絕類／轶群绝类
• 逸群
• 逸群之才
• 逸群絕俗／逸群绝俗
• 逸群絕倫／逸群绝伦
• 遁世離群／遁世离群
• 邑犬群吠
• 鄭氏群虎／郑氏群虎
• 鑼群文化／锣群文化
• 隨群／随群
• 離群／离群 (líqún)
• 韻府群玉／韵府群玉
• 領先群倫／领先群伦
• 馬群／马群
• 魚群／鱼群 (yúqún, “school”)
• 鵝群帖／鹅群帖
• 鶻入鴉群／鹘入鸦群
• 鶴立雞群／鹤立鸡群 (hèlìjīqún)
• 鶴處雞群／鹤处鸡群
• 鷙鳥不群／鸷鸟不群
• 黨群／党群 (dǎngqún)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (群):

• → Japanese: 群(ぐん) (gun)

References

• “群”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

群

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ぐん (gun, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: くん (kun)
• Kun: むれる (mureru, 群れる, Jōyō)、むら (mura, 群, Jōyō ^†)、むれ (mure, 群れ, Jōyō)、むらがる (muragaru, 群がる)

Compounds

• 群島(ぐんとう) (guntō)
• 群雄(ぐんゆう) (gun'yū)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
群
ぐん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

群(ぐん) • (gun) 

1. a group of people, animals, etc.
2. (group theory) a group

Suffix

群(ぐん) • (-gun) 

1. group of people, animals, etc.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
群
むら Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 群 – see the following entry.

【むら】 [noun] 群, 叢, 簇: gathering, grouping [affix] 群, 叢, 簇: gathering, grouping Alternative spellings 叢, 簇

(This term, 群, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

群 (eumhun 무리 군 (muri gun))

1. hanja form^? of 군 (“group, crowd, horde, herd, flock, folk, people, mob”)
2. (무리질 군): to crowd, flock, gather, assemble
3. (많을 군): multitude

Vietnamese

Han character

群: Hán Nôm readings: quần, còn, quằn, cơn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.