養子

See also: 养子

Chinese

		give birth; keep (pets); to support give birth; keep (pets); to support; to bring someone up; to raise (pig, etc.)	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
trad. (養子)		養	子
simp. (养子)		养	子

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yǎngzǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ ㄗˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yang³ zi³
Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁵ zi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yông-chṳ́
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ióng-chú / iáng-chú / iúⁿ-chú
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yan-tsy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ian³ zi³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǎngzǐ [Phonetic: yángzǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ ㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǎngzǐh
  - Wade–Giles: yang³-tzŭ³
  - Yale: yǎng-dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeangtzyy
  - Palladius: янцзы (janczy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yang³ zi³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iangz
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁵ zi²
  - Yale: yéuhng jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁵ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁵ ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ¹³ t͡siː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: iong^ˊ zii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong^ˊ zii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-chú
  - Tâi-lô: ióng-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iofngzuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iáng-chú
  - Tâi-lô: iáng-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iafngzuo
  - IPA (Taipei): /iaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iúⁿ-chú
  - Tâi-lô: iúnn-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viwzuo
  - IPA (Taipei): /iũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yan-tsy
  - MiniDict: yan^去 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhian-tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiã²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ian³ zi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /i̯æn⁴¹ t͡si⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /i̯æn⁴¹ t͡ɕi⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: yangX tsiX

Rime
Character	養	子
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	餘兩切	即里切
Baxter	yangX	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨɐŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɐŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/iɑŋ^X/	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨaŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/iaŋ^X/	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/jĭaŋ^X/	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯aŋ^X/	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǎng	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng⁵	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]aŋʔ tsəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*laŋʔ ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	養	子
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǎng	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ yang^X ›	‹ tsi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]aŋʔ/	/*tsəʔ/
English	nourish, raise	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	養	子
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	14613	17857
Phonetic component	養	子
Rime group	陽	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	養	子
Old Chinese	/*laŋʔ/	/*ʔslɯʔ/
Notes	說文羊聲

Noun

養子

adopted child; foster child

Synonyms

螟蛉子 (mínglíngzǐ)
螟蛉 (mínglíng)
(Sichuan) 抱子
(Eastern Min) 乞養囝／乞养囝
(Hokkien) 螟蛉仔囝
(Wu) 領來兒子／领来儿子, 嗣子
(Xiang) 抱者個／抱者个, 帶者個／带者个

Verb

養子

(literary or Hakka) to rear a child

Japanese

Kanji in this term
養	子
よう Grade: 4	し Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

養(よう)子(し) • (yōshi)

foster child
A person who was adopted as a child.