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=== By place ===
=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Emperor [[Romanos III Argyros]] decides to retaliate upon the incursions of the Muslims on the eastern frontier. He leads an Byzantine expeditionary force (20,000 men) to secure [[Antioch]]. The [[Mirdasid]] emir [[Shibl al-Dawla Nasr]] of [[Aleppo]] sues for peace, but Romanos refuses to negotiate and leads his army against Aleppo, against the advice of his generals. The Byzantine army encamps near [[Azaz]], [[Battle of Azaz (1030)|where they are encircled]] by the Mirdasids' [[Bedouin]] troops, who cut off the Byzantines from food and water.
* Emperor [[Romanos III Argyros]] decides to retaliate upon the incursions of the Muslims on the eastern frontier. He leads a Byzantine expeditionary force (20,000 men) to secure [[Antioch]]. The [[Mirdasid]] emir [[Shibl al-Dawla Nasr]] of [[Aleppo]] sues for peace, but Romanos refuses to negotiate and leads his army against Aleppo, against the advice of his generals. The Byzantine army encamps near [[Azaz]], [[Battle of Azaz (1030)|where they are encircled]] by the Mirdasids' [[Bedouin]] troops, who cut off the Byzantines from food and water.
* [[10 August]] &ndash; Romanos orders a retreat to Antioch. As the army is exhausted from the heat and the lack of supplies, the retreat soon turns into a flight in panic. Romanos returns to Constantinople in humiliation but his generals on the eastern frontier manage to salvage the situation: a [[Fatimid]] attack on [[Maraqiya]] is repulsed, and Azaz itself is captured in December after a brief siege. In April/May 1031, Emir Nasr of Aleppo agreed to vassal and tributary status with Byzantium.<ref>{{cite book | last=Halm | first=Heinz | authorlink = Heinz Halm | title = Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 | language = German | trans-title = The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074 | publisher = C. H. Beck | location = Munich | year = 2003 | isbn = 3-406-48654-1 | pages=341–343}}</ref>
* [[10 August]] &ndash; Romanos orders a retreat to Antioch. As the army is exhausted from the heat and the lack of supplies, the retreat soon turns into a flight in panic. Romanos returns to Constantinople in humiliation but his generals on the eastern frontier manage to salvage the situation: a [[Fatimid]] attack on [[Maraqiya]] is repulsed, and Azaz itself is captured in December after a brief siege. In April/May 1031, Emir Nasr of Aleppo agreed to vassal and tributary status with Byzantium.<ref>{{cite book | last=Halm | first=Heinz | authorlink = Heinz Halm | title = Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 | language = German | trans-title = The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074 | publisher = C. H. Beck | location = Munich | year = 2003 | isbn = 3-406-48654-1 | pages=341–343}}</ref>


==== Europe ====
==== Europe ====
* [[June]] &ndash; Emperor [[Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor|Conrad II]] ('''the Elder''') leads an invasion into [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungary]]. He plunders the lands west of the River [[Rába]], but suffers from consequences of the [[scorched earth]] tactics used by the Hungarians. Conrad, threatened by starvation, is forced to retreat back to [[Germany]]. King [[Stephen I of Hungary|Stephen I]] pursues his forces, which are defeated and captured by the Hungarians at [[Vienna]].
* [[June]] &ndash; Emperor [[Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor|Conrad II]] ('''the Elder''') leads an invasion into [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungary]]. He plunders the lands west of the River [[Rába]], but suffers from consequences of the [[scorched earth]] tactics used by the Hungarians. Conrad, threatened by starvation, is forced to retreat back to [[Germany]]. King [[Stephen I of Hungary|Stephen I]] pursues his forces, which are defeated and captured by the Hungarians at [[Vienna]].
* [[July 29]] – [[Battle of Stiklestad]]: King [[Olaf II of Norway|Olaf II Haraldsson]] ('''St. Olaf''') attempts to reconquer [[Norway]] with help from King [[Anund Jakob]] of [[Sweden]]. He is defeated by an superior Norwegian peasant and Danish army (14,000 men). Olaf is killed in the battle, he is later canonized and becomes the [[patron saint]] of Norway and ''Rex perpetuum Norvegiae'' ('the eternal king of Norway').
* [[July 29]] – [[Battle of Stiklestad]]: King [[Olaf II of Norway|Olaf II Haraldsson]] ('''St. Olaf''') attempts to reconquer [[Norway]] with help from King [[Anund Jakob]] of [[Sweden]]. He is defeated by a superior Norwegian peasant and Danish army (14,000 men). Olaf is killed in the battle, he is later canonized and becomes the [[patron saint]] of Norway and ''Rex perpetuum Norvegiae'' ('the eternal king of Norway').
* The first mention is made of [[Tartu]], [[Estonia]], as Grand Prince [[Yaroslav the Wise|Yaroslav I]] ('''the Wise''') of [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]] and [[Kiev]] defeats the [[Chud]]s, and founds a fort named Yuryev (modern-day Tartu).<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tvauri|first1=Andres|title=The Migration Period, Pre-Viking Age, and Viking Age in Estonia|date=2012|pages=33, 59, 60|url=https://www.etis.ee/Portal/Publications/Display/b80b6f11-43ed-4b8c-b616-48ac53b70ec5?language=ENG|accessdate=27 December 2016}}</ref>
* The first mention is made of [[Tartu]], [[Estonia]], as Grand Prince [[Yaroslav the Wise|Yaroslav I]] ('''the Wise''') of [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]] and [[Kiev]] defeats the [[Chud]]s, and founds a fort named Yuryev (modern-day Tartu).<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tvauri|first1=Andres|title=The Migration Period, Pre-Viking Age, and Viking Age in Estonia|date=2012|pages=33, 59, 60|url=https://www.etis.ee/Portal/Publications/Display/b80b6f11-43ed-4b8c-b616-48ac53b70ec5?language=ENG|accessdate=27 December 2016}}</ref>
* The first mention is made of [[Thalwil]], [[Switzerland]], which is derived from ''Tellewilare'', and indicates the early medieval origins of Thalwil as an [[Alemanni]]c farmstead.
* The first mention is made of [[Thalwil]], [[Switzerland]], which is derived from ''Tellewilare'', and indicates the early medieval origins of Thalwil as an [[Alemanni]]c farmstead.

Revision as of 07:54, 31 October 2020

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1030 by topic
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
1030 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1030
MXXX
Ab urbe condita1783
Armenian calendar479
ԹՎ ՆՀԹ
Assyrian calendar5780
Balinese saka calendar951–952
Bengali calendar437
Berber calendar1980
English Regnal yearN/A
Buddhist calendar1574
Burmese calendar392
Byzantine calendar6538–6539
Chinese calendar己巳年 (Earth Snake)
3727 or 3520
    — to —
庚午年 (Metal Horse)
3728 or 3521
Coptic calendar746–747
Discordian calendar2196
Ethiopian calendar1022–1023
Hebrew calendar4790–4791
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1086–1087
 - Shaka Samvat951–952
 - Kali Yuga4130–4131
Holocene calendar11030
Igbo calendar30–31
Iranian calendar408–409
Islamic calendar420–421
Japanese calendarChōgen 3
(長元３年)
Javanese calendar932–933
Julian calendar1030
MXXX
Korean calendar3363
Minguo calendar882 before ROC
民前882年
Nanakshahi calendar−438
Seleucid era1341/1342 AG
Thai solar calendar1572–1573
Tibetan calendar阴土蛇年
(female Earth-Snake)
1156 or 775 or 3
    — to —
阳金马年
(male Iron-Horse)
1157 or 776 or 4
King Olaf II (left) is killed at Stiklestad.
King Olaf II (left) is killed at Stiklestad.

Year 1030 (MXXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

  • Emperor Romanos III Argyros decides to retaliate upon the incursions of the Muslims on the eastern frontier. He leads a Byzantine expeditionary force (20,000 men) to secure Antioch. The Mirdasid emir Shibl al-Dawla Nasr of Aleppo sues for peace, but Romanos refuses to negotiate and leads his army against Aleppo, against the advice of his generals. The Byzantine army encamps near Azaz, where they are encircled by the Mirdasids' Bedouin troops, who cut off the Byzantines from food and water.
  • 10 August – Romanos orders a retreat to Antioch. As the army is exhausted from the heat and the lack of supplies, the retreat soon turns into a flight in panic. Romanos returns to Constantinople in humiliation but his generals on the eastern frontier manage to salvage the situation: a Fatimid attack on Maraqiya is repulsed, and Azaz itself is captured in December after a brief siege. In April/May 1031, Emir Nasr of Aleppo agreed to vassal and tributary status with Byzantium.[1]

Europe

  • June – Emperor Conrad II (the Elder) leads an invasion into Hungary. He plunders the lands west of the River Rába, but suffers from consequences of the scorched earth tactics used by the Hungarians. Conrad, threatened by starvation, is forced to retreat back to Germany. King Stephen I pursues his forces, which are defeated and captured by the Hungarians at Vienna.
  • July 29 – Battle of Stiklestad: King Olaf II Haraldsson (St. Olaf) attempts to reconquer Norway with help from King Anund Jakob of Sweden. He is defeated by a superior Norwegian peasant and Danish army (14,000 men). Olaf is killed in the battle, he is later canonized and becomes the patron saint of Norway and Rex perpetuum Norvegiae ('the eternal king of Norway').
  • The first mention is made of Tartu, Estonia, as Grand Prince Yaroslav I (the Wise) of Novgorod and Kiev defeats the Chuds, and founds a fort named Yuryev (modern-day Tartu).[2]
  • The first mention is made of Thalwil, Switzerland, which is derived from Tellewilare, and indicates the early medieval origins of Thalwil as an Alemannic farmstead.
  • Henry I revolts against his father King Robert II (the Pious) in a civil war over power and property. Robert's army is defeated, and he retreats to Beaugency.

Asia


Births

Deaths

References

  1. ^ Halm, Heinz (2003). Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 [The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. pp. 341–343. ISBN 3-406-48654-1.
  2. ^ Tvauri, Andres (2012). The Migration Period, Pre-Viking Age, and Viking Age in Estonia. pp. 33, 59, 60. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
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