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Frank Buckles

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Frank W. Buckles
File:Frank Buckles at 16.jpg
Picture: Buckles in 1917 (age 16)
Image: Buckles signature in 2000
Allegiance United States of America
Service / branch United States Army
Years of serviceAugust 1917 – January 1920[1]
Rank Corporal
Service number15577[2]
Unit1st Fort Riley Casual Detachment[3]
Battles / warsWorld War I (soldier)
World War II (civilian POW)
Raid at Los Baños (WWII)
AwardsWorld War I Victory Medal
Army of Occupation of Germany Medal
French Legion of Honor

Frank Woodruff Buckles (born Wood Buckles; February 1, 1901 – February 27, 2011) was one of the last three surviving World War I veterans and the last living American veteran of the war. Although not in the military at the time, Buckles spent the majority of World War II as a prisoner of war. After the world wars, Buckles married in San Francisco in 1946 and moved to Gap View Farm in Charles Town, West Virginia. His wife, Audrey, gave birth to their daughter in 1955. A widower at age 98, he worked on his farm until age 105. In his last years, he was the Honorary Chairman of the World War I Memorial Foundation, actively trying to have the District of Columbia War Memorial renamed the National World War I Memorial, including meeting with President George W. Bush. Buckles was also a Shriner, a Freemason, a member of the Sons of Confederate Veterans and a Church going man. He was awarded the World War I Victory Medal and the Army of Occupation of Germany Medal at the conclusion of the war, as well as the French Legion of Honor in his last years. At the time of his death, Buckles was the oldest verified World War I veteran in the world, the second-oldest male military veteran in the world and the last field veteran of the war (though his role was medical in nature). He was laid to rest on March 15, 2011 at Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors.

Life during the twentieth century

Buckles was born on February 1, 1901 to a farming family in Bethany, Missouri.[4] Between 1911 and 1916, Buckles attended school in Nevada, Missouri.[5] He and his family subsequently moved to Dewey County, Oklahoma.[6]

After the American entry into World War I, Buckles sought to enlist in the armed forces despite his youth. He was turned down by the Marine Corps because of his slight weight and for being under 21, and by the Navy,[7] who falsely claimed that Buckles was flat-footed.[1] He was eventually successful in enlisting in the United States Army in August 1917, at the age of 16 years old.[8]

In 1917, Buckles was sent to Europe on the RMS Carpathia, which had rescued RMS Titanic survivors five years earlier. While on the Carpathia, Buckles spoke with crew members who had taken part in the rescue of Titanic survivors. During the war Buckles served in England and France, driving ambulances and motorcycles for the Army's 1st Fort Riley Casual Detachment.[3] After the Armistice in 1918, Buckles escorted prisoners of war back to Germany. Following his discharge in 1920,[1] he attended the dedication of the Liberty Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri, in honor of the Americans who died in World War I, and met General John Pershing, who had been commander of all United States forces in France during the war.[9] Buckles attended business school in Oklahoma City and then worked as Chief Purser for steamship lines in South America, Europe, and Asia.[10]

Buckles' future home, Gap View Farm, in the 1930s

As of 1942, Buckles had worked for the White Star, American President, and W.R. Grace shipping companies, and shipping business took him to Manila in the Philippines.[10][11][12] He was captured there by the Japanese in 1942 and spent the next three and a half years in the Los Baños prison camp. He became malnourished due to a diet of a small mush-like meal served in a tin cup, of which he still had at the time of his death.[13] With a weight below 100 pounds, Buckles developed beriberi, yet led his fellow inmates in calisthenics.[14] He was rescued on February 23, 1945.[15]

After World War II, he moved to San Francisco, where he married Audrey Mayo in 1946.[16] In the mid-1950s, retired from steamship work, he bought the 330-acre (1.3 km2) Gap View Farm in West Virginia where he raised cattle.[17] His family had first settled around that area in 1732, and Buckles was descended from a Revolutionary War soldier.[16] Another ancestor was a Civil War veteran,[16] and Buckles was active for many years in the Sons of Confederate Veterans.[18][19]

In 1973, nearly all of Frank Buckles' military service record was destroyed in the National Personnel Records Center fire. Some of the record was salvaged, consisting mostly of burned pay records, and since has been classified as a high profile record by the Military Personnel Records Center.[20] His wife died in 1999 and their daughter moved back to the farm to care for him.[4]

Life during the twenty-first century

Buckles at age 107 meeting with President George W. Bush in the Oval Office

After the turn of the century, Buckles continued living near Charles Town, West Virginia and was still driving a tractor on his farm at age 103.[10] He stated in an interview with The Washington Post on Veterans' Day 2007 that he believed the United States should go to war only "when it's an emergency."[11] When asked about the secret of his long life, Buckles replied: "Hope," adding, "[W]hen you start to die... don't." He also said the reason he had lived so long was that he "never got in a hurry."[4]

Buckles' life was featured on the Memorial Day 2007 episode of NBC Nightly News. On February 4, 2008, with the death of 108-year-old Harry Richard Landis, Buckles became the last surviving American World War I veteran.[21] Buckles was named ABC's World News Tonight's "Person of the Week" for his fight to have the District of Columbia War Memorial turned into the "National World War I Memorial", on March 22, 2009.[22]

On March 6, 2008, he met with United States President George W. Bush at the White House.[23][24] The same day, he attended the opening of a Pentagon exhibit featuring photos of nine centenarian World War I veterans created by historian and photographer (and later family spokesman) David DeJonge.[22] The following summer he visited wounded soldiers at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.[10]

Businessman Ross Perot, whom Frank Buckles had met at a history seminar in 2001, intervened in 2008 with the White House regarding a resting place.[25] Buckles did not meet the criteria for burial at Arlington National Cemetery, but special permission was secured on March 19, 2008.[26]

Buckles was the Honorary Chairman of the World War I Memorial Foundation,[27] which seeks refurbishment of the District of Columbia War Memorial and its establishment as the National World War I Memorial on the National Mall. Buckles appeared before Congress on December 3, 2009, advocating on behalf of such legislation.[28][29] Also in December 2009, Buckles was given a plaque for being a "famous Shriner".[30] Buckles was a lifelong Shriner, part of the Osiris Shriners of Wheeling, West Virginia, and also a Freemason.[31] At the time of his death, Buckles was "the oldest Shriner in Shrinedom."[31]

On February 1, 2010, which was Buckles' 109th birthday, his official biographer announced that he would be completing a documentary, entitled "Pershing's Last Patriot", — currently in production — on Buckles' life. The film is a cumulative work of three years of interviews and intimate moments gathered by DeJonge as he traveled the nation with Buckles,[32][33][34] and donations are accepted toward production of the film.[35] DeJonge estimates a 2011 release for the documentary.[34]

Months away from his 110th birthday, in autumn 2010, Buckles was still giving media interviews.[36] Buckles reached supercentenarian status upon his 110th birthday, on February 1, 2011. On February 27, 2011, Buckles died of natural causes at his home.[37] Buckles was among the last three surviving World War I veterans in the world and was the last living American veteran of that war.[38]

Honors and awards

Above:Defense Secretary Robert Gates speaking with Buckles at a portrait unveiling in 2008
Below: Buckles' U.S. Army ribbons

For his service during World War I, Buckles received, from the United States Government, the World War I Victory Medal and qualified for four Overseas Service Bars. In 1941, he retroactively qualified for the the Army of Occupation of Germany Medal due to his post war service in Europe during the year 1919. In 1999, Buckles was further honored by French president Jacques Chirac when Buckles was awarded France's Légion d'honneur. During the 1980s, Buckles may have applied for the Prisoner of War Medal for his World War II incarceration, but at the time of his imprisonment by the Japanese, Buckles was a civilian and thus did not qualify under the criteria for the medal.[39]

In 2007, the United States Library of Congress included Buckles in its Veterans History Project, which includes audio, video, and pictorial information on Buckles' experiences in both world wars, including a full 148-minute video interview.[40] In April of 2008, a section of West Virginia Route 9, which passes by his Gap View Farm home, was named and dedicated in his honor by then-West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin.[6] That following month, on May 25, 2008, Buckles received the Veterans of Foreign Wars’ Gold Medal of Merit at the Liberty Memorial. He sat for a portrait taken by David DeJonge that will hang in the National World War I Museum, as "the last surviving link."[41]

Buckles received the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry's Knight Commander of the Court of Honour (KCCH) on September 24, 2008. The KCCH is the last honor bestowed by the Southern Jurisdiction prior to the 33°. The ceremony was hosted by Ronald Seale, 33°, Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, Southern Jurisdiction, U.S.A. The keynote address was provided by James Peake, United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs.[42]

Commemoration and funeral

File:Frank Buckles lying in honor on March 15, 2011.jpg
Buckles lying in honor at Arlington National Cemetery's Memorial Amphitheater Chapel on March 15, 2011. His casket under the guard by a soldier with the Army's 3rd Infantry Regiment.

Frank Woodruff Buckles’ life spanned the awesome, horrible, fantastic, dreadful Twentieth Century. He saw and experienced much. As America’s last surviving veteran witness to the First World War, his life experiences and perspective are an artifact in our day which often lacks perspective.... It is not so much about Frank, but all he represents.

Buckles' official web site.[43]

On February 28, 2011, President Barack Obama issued a presidential order that the United States flag would be flown at half-staff on all government buildings, embassies, and at the White House on March 15 when he was buried.[44] In the days leading up to Buckles' funeral, the governors of 16 states would follow suit in calling for the lowering of their state's flags to half-staff on March 15.[nb 1]

On March 3, 2011, the United States Senate passed a resolution honoring Buckles as "the last veteran to represent the extraordinary legacy of the World War I veterans".[61] A number of statements were made by representatives and senators paying tribute to Buckles and the World War I veterans and concurrent resolutions were proposed in both the Senate and the House to allow Buckles to lie in honour in the United States Capitol rotunda. The resolution, however, was reported as being blocked by the Speaker of the House John Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, who sought permission instead for a ceremony to be held in the Amphitheater of Arlington National Cemetery.[62] It was reported that the request for Buckles to lie in honour was supported by his daughter.[63] On March 10, Sir Winston Churchill's great-grandson, Jonathan Sandys, urged Congress to allow Buckles to lay in repose in the Rotunda.[64]

It was announced on March 8, 2011, that Buckles's home church, Zion Episcopal Church in Charles Town, West Virginia, would hold a memorial service for Buckles.[65] The service was held on March 16, 2011 and was officiated by the Episcopal bishop of West Virginia, as well as the local pastor.[66] Memories were shared by Buckles's son-in-law, his nephew, among others.[66]

Also on March 8, 2011, Northeast Vernon County High School in Nevada, Missouri held a service "honoring the life and service" of Buckles.[5] Buckles went to the school from 1911 to 1916 and was photographed in front of it, with other students, in 1916.[5]

On March 10, 2011, family spokesperson David DeJonge announced that Buckles would be buried at Arlington National Cemetery in a private ceremony.[67][64] Whether Buckles would lay in repose in the United States Capitol Rotunda, however, remained tied up in Congress.[64] On March 11, 2011, the United States Department of Defense confirmed that Buckles would lie in honor at Arlington National Cemetery and announced details for the day of the interment on March 15.[68] On March 12, 2011, a ceremony was held at the Liberty Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri to honor Buckles and the "passing of the generation that fought World War I".[69] The keynote speaker was retired United States Air Force general and former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Richard Myers.[70] The ceremony included a reading of poems, one of which was In Flanders Fields.[70] On March 13 and 14, 2011, a visitation was held at a Northwest Washington, D.C. funeral home.[71] A special ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery's Memorial Amphitheater Chapel and interment was held on March 15, where Buckles was buried with full military honors in plot 34, near Buckles former commander, General John J. Pershing.[71][72] During the ceremony prior to burial, President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden paid their respects and met with Buckles family.[73] Buckles' flag-draped coffin was borne to the burial plot on a caisson drawn by seven horses, and the folded flag was handed to his daughter by United States Army Vice Chief of Staff General Peter W. Chiarelli.[74] Part of the honor guard for Buckles funeral were five members of the Blackfeet Warrior Society of Browning, Montana.[66]

In Martinsburg, West Virginia, on March 26, 2011, a candlelight vigil will be held in memory of Buckles.[75] Donations will be taken at the time of the vigil to pay for a planned statue of Buckles holding the reins of General Pershing's horse.[75][76] The statue will be placed in Buckles's hometown of Charles Town, West Virginia when finished.[75]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The state governors issuing proclamations were West Virginia acting-Governor Earl Ray Tomblin,[45] Missouri Governor Jay Nixon,[46] Pennsylvania Governor Tom Corbett, [47] North Carolina Governor Bev Perdue, [48], Nebraska Governor Dave Heineman,[49] North Dakota Governor Jack Dalrymple,[50] Maine Governor Paul LePage,[51] Iowa Governor Terry Branstad[52], Hawaii Governor Neil Abercrombie[53] and Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley[54], Connecticut Governor Dan Malloy[55], Kansas Governor Sam Brownback[56], Alaska Governor Sean Parnell,[57] Ohio Governor John Kasich,[58] South Dakota Governor Dennis Daugaard,[59] and Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval.[60]

References

  1. ^ a b c Rubin, Richard (2008). "The Last Doughboy of World War I". Smithsonian. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ^ Smith, Vicki (2011-02-28). "Last WWI veteran from US dies in W. Va". Christian Science Monitor. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ a b One definition of the word “casual” is the following: “a soldier temporarily at a station or other place of duty, and usually en route to another station.” See Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2011-03-01.
  4. ^ a b c Duggan, Paul (2011-02-28). "Last U.S. World War I veteran Frank W. Buckles dies at 110". Washington Post. Wood Buckles - his given name, recorded in the family Bible before birth certificates were required in his home state - was born Feb. 1, 1901. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  5. ^ a b c "NEVC students honor Buckles". Nevada Daily Mail. 2011-03-08. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ a b McLellan, Dennis (2011-03-01). "Frank Buckles, last American veteran of World War I, dies at 110". Los Angeles Times. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  7. ^ Collins, Elizabeth and Lopez, Todd (2011-02-28). "Last WWI veteran dies". Army News Service. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ "CNN video of House Representative Ted Poe reading Buckles letter into the Congressional record". {{cite web}}: Text "2010-02-03" ignored (help)
  9. ^ Duggan, Paul (2006-11-12). "Back From Battle, a Generation Kept Fighting". Washington Post. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. ^ a b c d "Last Living World War I Veteran to visit Walter Reed AMC". Walter Reed Army Medical Center. 2008-06-25. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  11. ^ a b Kunkle, Fredrick (2007-11-12). "World War I Veteran Reflects on Lessons". Washington Post. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  12. ^ "Frank Buckles, last living U.S. WWI vet, dies", CBS News (2011-02-28).
  13. ^ Lorge, Elizabeth M. (2011-05-07). "Army Salutes Last Doughboy". Army News Service. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  14. ^ Rubin, Richard (2007-11-12). "Over There — and Gone Forever". The New York Times. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  15. ^ Stone, Andrea (2007-03-27). "One of the last': WWI vet recalls Great War". USA Today. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  16. ^ a b c Stone, Andrea (2011-02-28). "The Book on Frank Buckles: America's Last Doughboy". AOL News. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ Goldstein, Richard (2011-02-28). "Frank Buckles, Last World War I Doughboy, Is Dead at 110". The New York Times. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ "Preston Smith Tells Sons Confederate Veterans of Historical Spots in Area", Spirit Of Jefferson Farmer's Advocate (1969-03-27).
  19. ^ "Sons Of Confederate Veterans Meeting Jan. 25", Spirit Of Jefferson Farmer's Advocate (2000-01-20).
  20. ^ "Persons of Exceptional Prominence List", Archival Records Branch (MPRC), St. Louis, Missouri
  21. ^ "Americas Last World War I Veteran Frank Buckles". NBC News (via YouTube). 2009-12-03. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  22. ^ a b "ABC Nightly News May 22 Frank Buckles 'Person of the week'". ABC News (on YouTube). Retrieved 2011-03-13. Cite error: The named reference "ABCNews" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  23. ^ Courson, Paul (2008-03-16). "Bush thanks WWI veteran for 'love for America'". CNN.
  24. ^ Courson, Paul (2008-03-08). "Last surviving U.S. World War I vet honored by president". CNN.
  25. ^ "Arlington Cemetery Makes Historic Exception for World War I Veteran". The Salem News. 2008-04-08. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  26. ^ Associated Press (2008-04-10). "Feds Approve Burial of Last WWI Vet at Arlington". WSAZ-TV.
  27. ^ "WORLD WAR I MEMORIAL FOUNDATION - REDEDICATE THE DC WWI MEMORIAL", World War I Memorial Foundation. Retrieved 2011-03-01.
  28. ^ Courson, Paul (2009-12-03). "Last U.S. veteran of World War I testifies for memorial". CNN.
  29. ^ Henry, Beth (2009-12-04). "Buckles seeks dedication of national WWI memorial". Martinsburg Journal. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  30. ^ Smoot, Naomi (2010-03-14). "Veterans honor WWI vet Buckles". Martinsburg Journal. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  31. ^ a b Cotner, Robert (2011-03-04). "Osiris Noble Frank Buckles, Eldest Shriner, Dies in West Virginia" (PDF). Shrinelines. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  32. ^ Henry, Beth (2010-02-02). "109 and counting". Martinsburg Journal. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  33. ^ Ford, Chris (2010-05-16). "Volunteers gather at neglected WWI monument". CNN. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ a b "Pershing's Last Patriot, a film about the life of Frank Buckles (Release date: 2012)". Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  35. ^ "America's Last WW1 Survivor; The Story of Frank Buckles". Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  36. ^ Tomaszycki, Scott (2010-09-30). "Centenarian Soldier: Last known surviving American World War I veteran tells his story". dvidshub.net.
  37. ^ Courson, Paul (2011-02-27). "Last living U.S. World War I veteran dies". CNN.
  38. ^ "America's last surviving veteran of World War I dies aged 110 years old". Daily Mail. 2011-02-28. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  39. ^ "Prisoner of War Medal Application", Archival Reconstruction Service Record of Frank Buckles, Military Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Missouri
  40. ^ "Experiencing War: Stories from the Veterans’ History Project: Frank Woodruff Buckles", Veterans History Project of the Library of Congress American Folklife Center, Library of Congress, Published 2007-05-27, Retrieved 2011-03-12.
  41. ^ Campbell, Matt (2008-05-29). "'Last surviving link' to World War I earns a fitting salute". The Kansas City Star. Archived from the original on 2008-05-29. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  42. ^ E.g. the Patrick Henry Medallion. See “Honoring and Remembering America’s Veterans”, The BVA Bulletin (Summer 2007).
  43. ^ "Frank Woodruff Buckles :: America's Last Survivor of the First World War", Official Site of Frank Woodruff Buckles. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  44. ^ Obama, Barack (2011-02-28). "Presidential Proclamation--Death of Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last Surviving American Veteran of World War I", The White House. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
  45. ^ "5:15 p.m.: Gov. orders flags lowered for Buckles". Martinsburg Journal. 2011-03-02. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  46. ^ "Gov. Nixon orders flags to half-staff in honor of Frank W. Buckles, Missouri native who was last American veteran of World War I". Missouri Governor's Office. 2011-03-01. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  47. ^ Rizzi, Jennifer (2011-03-10). "Gov. Corbett: Fly flags at half-mast for last surviving WWI veteran". WHTM-TV. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  48. ^ "Gov. Orders Flags to Half-Staff After Death of Last American WWI Vet". WCTI-TV. 2011-03-12. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  49. ^ "Governor Heineman asks for tribute to last WWI veteran". KHAS-TV. 2011-03-14. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  50. ^ "ND governor directs that flags be flown at half-staff to honor WWI veteran". The Republic. 2011-03-14. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  51. ^ "Maine flags half-staff to honor WWI veteran". Portland Press Herald. 2011-03-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  52. ^ "Half-staff flags to honor Cpl. Frank Buckles, World War I vets". Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier. 2011-03-14. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  53. ^ "Flags half staff Tuesday for last surviving WWI Veteran". Hawaii News Now. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  54. ^ "Flying Maryland's Flag at Half Staff - Date & Commemoration". Office of the Secretary of State for Maryland. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  55. ^ "Flags to half-staff in remembrance of Corporal Frank Buckles". Norwalk Plus. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  56. ^ "Kansas Honors Life of Last World War I Veteran". Kiowa County Signal. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  57. ^ "Flags Lowered for Last World War I Veteran". State of Alaska Governor's Office. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  58. ^ Lough, Valerie (2011-03-15). "Flags at half-mast for late WWI veteran". Springfield News-Sun. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  59. ^ "SD Governor Directs Flags Flown at Half-Staff". KELO-TV. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  60. ^ "Gov. Sandoval Orders Flags at Half Staff for Last Surviving WWI Veteran". KOLO-TV. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  61. ^ "Senate Resolution 89--Related to the death of Frank W. Buckles, the longest surviving United States Veteran of the First World War", Congressional Record, page S1237 (2011-03-03).
  62. ^ Last WWI vet gets caught up in politics, Associated Press, 2011-03-04, accessed 2011-03-05
  63. ^ Stone, Andrea (2011-03-05). "Buckles' Daughter Not Taking 'No' for an Answer on Rotunda Honor", AOL News.
  64. ^ a b c "Last WWI vet to be buried in Arlington service". Associated Press. 2011-03-10. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  65. ^ Henry, Beth (2011-03-08). "6:30 p.m.: Local memorial planned for Buckles". Martinsburg Journal. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  66. ^ a b c "Buckles honored at Zion Episcopal". The Herald-Mail. 2011-03-17. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  67. ^ Belisle, Richard (2011-03-10). "Frank Buckles, last U.S. veteran of World War I, to be buried Tuesday at Arlington". The Herald-Mail. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  68. ^ Garamone, Jim (2011-03-11). "Arlington Burial Planned for Last ‘Doughboy’ Frank Buckles", American Forces Press Service.
  69. ^ Campbell, Matt (2011-03-03). "Ceremony at Liberty Memorial to honor Buckles will be March 12". online edition of The Kansas City Star. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  70. ^ a b Burnes, Brian (2011-03-12). "Last living American from WWI remembered at Liberty Memorial ceremony". online edition of The Kansas City Star. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  71. ^ a b Stone, Andrea (2011-03-12). "Last WWI Vet Buckles Will Lie in Basement at Arlington, Not Capitol Rotunda". AOL News. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  72. ^ Quigley, Rachel (2011-03-15). "Last American World War I veteran receives a hero's burial with full military honours". Daily Mail. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  73. ^ "Obama pays respects to last U.S. World War I vet". Los Angeles Times. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  74. ^ "Final World War I veteran buried". Associated Press story on Los Angeles Times website. 2011-03-16. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  75. ^ a b c "Local vigil planned for Frank Buckles". Martinsburg Journal. 2011-03-15. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  76. ^ Belisle, Richard F. (2011-02-26). "Campaign launched to raise money for Buckles statue and documentary". The Herald-Mail. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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