Josiah Bailey
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Josiah Bailey | |
|---|---|
| United States Senator from North Carolina | |
| In office March 4, 1931 – December 15, 1946 | |
| Preceded by | F.M. Simmons |
| Succeeded by | William B. Umstead |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Josiah William Bailey September 14, 1873 Warrenton, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Died | December 15, 1946 (aged 73) Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Alma mater | Wake Forest College |
Josiah William Bailey (September 14, 1873 – December 15, 1946) was an American politician who served as a U.S. senator from the state of North Carolina from 1931 to 1946.
Early life and education
[edit]Born in Warrenton, North Carolina, he grew up in Raleigh and graduated from Wake Forest College (now Wake Forest University).
Career
[edit]Before turning to a career in law, Bailey was editor of the Biblical Recorder, a newspaper for North Carolina Baptists. He was a presidential elector in 1908.[1]
Elected to the United States Senate in 1930, defeating longtime incumbent Furnifold McLendel Simmons, Bailey earned a reputation as a conservative while in office. In 1937, he coauthored the bipartisan Conservative Manifesto, a document criticizing President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal and proposing more conservative alternatives. Among other things, the Manifesto called for lower taxes and less spending.[2]
That same year, Bailey gave a rousing floor speech against President Roosevelt's court-packing bill, which convinced at least three freshman Republicans, thought by Majority Leader Joe Robinson to be definite supporters, to oppose the measure.[3]
A segregationist and white supremacist, Bailey filibustered anti-lynching legislation in 1938.[4]
During his time in office, he served as chairman of the Committee on Claims and Committee on Commerce.
Death
[edit]Bailey died in office in 1946.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ The National Cyclopædia of American Biography. Vol. D. New York, N.Y.: James T. White & Company. 1934. p. 440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Kickler, Troy L. The Conservative Manifesto. The North Carolina History Project.
- ^ Caro, Robert. Master of the Senate. p. 62.
- ^ Beauchamp, Zack (October 9, 2013). How Racism Caused The Shutdown. ThinkProgress. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
Sources
[edit]- Finley, Keith M. Delaying the Dream: Southern Senators and the Fight Against Civil Rights, 1938–1965 (Baton Rouge, LSU Press, 2008).
Further reading
[edit]- Moore, John Robert. Senator Josiah William Bailey of North Carolina: A Political Biography. Durham: Duke University Press, 1968.
External links
[edit]- United States Congress. "Josiah Bailey (id: B000046)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- The "Conservative Manifesto" from the North Carolina History Project
- Biblical Recorder Column on Bailey at the Wayback Machine (archived September 28, 2007)
- "Taking on FDR: Senator Josiah Bailey and the 1937 Conservative Manifesto" by Troy Kickler, December 13, 2006
- Raleigh News & Observer Column on Bailey's Friendship with Huey Long [dead link]
- Josiah William Bailey at Find-A-Grave
- Josiah Bailey papers. 1773–1867. 2" linear. At the University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections.
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| Class 3 | ||
| Commerce and Manufactures (1816–1825) | ||
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| Commerce (1825–1947) | ||
| Interstate Commerce (1887–1947) | ||
| Interstate and Foreign Commerce/Commerce (1947–1977) | ||
| Commerce, Science, and Transportation (1977–present) | ||
| International | |
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| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |