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Portal:North Dakota

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The North Dakota Portal

The Flag of North Dakota

North Dakota ( /dəˈktə/ də-KOH-tə) is a landlocked U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota Sioux. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minnesota to the east, South Dakota to the south, and Montana to the west. North Dakota is part of the Great Plains region, characterized by broad prairies, steppe, temperate savanna, badlands, and farmland. North Dakota is the 19th-largest state, but with a population of less than 780,000, it is the fourth-least populous and fourth-most sparsely populated. The state capital is Bismarck while the most populous city is Fargo, which accounts for nearly a fifth of the state's population; both cities are among the fastest-growing in the U.S., although half of all residents live in rural areas.

What is now North Dakota was inhabited for thousands of years by various Native American tribes, including the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara along the Missouri River; the Ojibwe and Cree in the northeast; and several Sioux groups (the Nakota, Dakota, and Lakota) across the rest of the state. European explorers and traders first arrived in the early 18th century, mostly in pursuit of lucrative furs.

The United States acquired the region in the early 19th century, gradually settling it amid growing resistance by increasingly displaced natives. The Dakota Territory, established in 1861, became central to American pioneers, with the Homestead Act of 1862 precipitating significant population growth and development. The traditional fur trade declined in favor of farming, particularly of wheat. The subsequent Dakota Boom from 1878 to 1886 saw giant farms stretched across the rolling prairies, with the territory becoming a regional economic power. The Northern Pacific and Great Northern railway companies competed for access to lucrative grain centers; farmers banded together in political and socioeconomic alliances that were core to the broader Populist Movement of the Midwest. North and South Dakota were admitted to the Union on November 2, 1889, as the 39th and 40th states. President Benjamin Harrison shuffled the statehood papers before signing them so that no one could tell which became a state first; consequently, the two states are officially numbered in alphabetical order. Statehood marked the gradual winding-down of the pioneer period, with the state fully settled by around 1920. Subsequent decades saw a rise in radical agrarian movements and economic cooperatives, of which one legacy is the Bank of North Dakota, the only state-run bank in the U.S. (Full article...)

Métis drivers and ox carts at a rest stop

The Red River Trails were a network of ox cart routes connecting the Red River Colony (the "Selkirk Settlement") and Fort Garry in British North America with the head of navigation on the Mississippi River in the United States. These trade routes ran from the location of present-day Winnipeg in the Canadian province of Manitoba across the Canada–United States border, and thence by a variety of routes through what is now the eastern part of the Dakotas and across western and central Minnesota to Mendota and Saint Paul, Minnesota on the Mississippi.

Travellers began to use the trails by the 1820s, with the heaviest use from the 1840s to the early 1870s, when they were superseded by railways. Until then, these cartways provided the most efficient means of transportation between the isolated Red River Colony and the outside world. They gave the Selkirk colonists and their neighbours, the Métis people, an outlet for their furs and a source of supplies other than the Hudson's Bay Company, which was unable to enforce its monopoly in the face of the competition that used the trails. (Full article...)

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Largest cities

2019 Rank City 2019 Estimate[1] 2010 Census[2] Change County
1 Fargo 124,662 105,549 +18.11% Cass
2 Bismarck 73,529 61,272 +20.00% Burleigh
3 Grand Forks 55,839 52,838 +5.68% Grand Forks
4 Minot 47,382 40,888 +15.88% Ward
5 West Fargo 37,058 25,830 +43.47% Cass
6 Williston 29,033 14,716 +97.29% Williams
7 Dickinson 23,133 17,787 +30.06% Stark
8 Mandan 22,752 18,331 +24.12% Morton
9 Jamestown 15,084 15,427 −2.22% Stutsman
10 Watford City 7,835 1,744 +349.25% McKenzie
11 Wahpeton 7,734 7,766 −0.41% Richland
12 Devils Lake 7,320 7,141 +2.51% Ramsey
13 Valley City 6,323 6,585 −3.98% Barnes
14 Grafton 4,157 4,284 −2.96% Walsh
15 Lincoln 3,817 2,406 +58.65% Burleigh

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See List of cities in North Dakota for a full list.

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Sources

  1. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2019". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
  2. ^ "2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". American FactFinder2. U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census. Retrieved October 26, 2012.[dead link]