Charles Joseph Chaput OFMCap (/ˈʃæpjuː/ SHAP-yoo;[1] born September 26, 1944) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He was the ninth archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, serving from 2011 until 2020. He previously served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Denver in Colorado (1997–2011) and bishop of the Diocese of Rapid City in South Dakota (1988–1997). Chaput was the first archbishop of Philadelphia in 100 years who was not named a cardinal.
Charles J. Chaput | |
|---|---|
| Archbishop Emeritus of Philadelphia | |
Chaput at Georgetown University | |
| Archdiocese | Philadelphia |
| Appointed | July 19, 2011 |
| Installed | September 8, 2011 |
| Retired | January 23, 2020 |
| Predecessor | Justin Francis Rigali |
| Successor | Nelson J. Perez |
| Previous post(s) |
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| Orders | |
| Ordination | August 29, 1970 by Cyril John Vogel |
| Consecration | July 26, 1988 by Pio Laghi, John Roach, and James Stafford |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 26, 1944 |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| Motto | As Christ loved the church |
| Coat of arms | |
| Styles of Charles Joseph Chaput | |
|---|---|
| Reference style | |
| Spoken style | Your Excellency |
| Religious style | Archbishop |
Ordination history of Charles J. Chaput | |||||||||||||||||
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Chaput is a professed Capuchin Franciscan. A member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation in Kansas, he is the second Native American bishop and the first Native American archbishop.[2]
Early life
editCharles Chaput was born on September 26, 1944, in Concordia, Kansas, one of three children of Joseph and Marian Helen (née DeMarais) Chaput.[2] His father was a French Canadian who was descended from King Louis IX.[3][4] His mother was a Native American of the Prairie Band Potawatomi tribe; his maternal grandmother was the last member of the family to live on a reservation. Chaput himself was enrolled in the tribe at a young age, taking the name Pietasa ("rustling wind").[3][5] His Potawatomi name is "the wind that rustles the leaves of the tree" while his Sioux name is "good eagle".[6]
Chaput received his early education at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Grade School in Concordia.[2] Deciding to become a priest at the age of 13,[3] he attended St. Francis Seminary High School in Victoria, Kansas.
In 1965, at age 21, Chaput entered the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, a branch of the Franciscans, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[2] In 1967, he graduated with a bachelor's degree in philosophy from St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania. On July 14, 1968, he made his solemn profession as a Capuchin friar. In 1970, he graduated Master of Arts in religious education from Capuchin College in Washington, DC.[2]
Priesthood
editChaput was ordained to the priesthood for the Capuchin Order by Bishop Cyril Vogel on August 29, 1970. He received a Master of Theology degree from the University of San Francisco in 1971. From 1971 to 1974, he was an instructor in theology and spiritual director at St. Fidelis College. He then served as executive secretary and director of communications for the Capuchin province in Pittsburgh until 1977.
As a seminarian, Chaput was an active volunteer in the 1968 US presidential campaign of Senator Robert F. Kennedy. As a young priest, he supported the election of Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter as US president in 1976.[7] Chaput was appointed pastor of Holy Cross Parish in Thornton, Colorado.
Chaput was elected vicar provincial for the Capuchin Province of Mid-America in 1977 and became secretary and treasurer for the province in 1980 and chief executive and provincial minister in 1983. He was part of a group of Native Americans who greeted Pope John Paul II when he visited Phoenix, Arizona, in 1987.
Episcopal career
editBishop of Rapid City
editOn April 11, 1988, Chaput was appointed bishop of the Diocese of Rapid City by John Paul II. He was consecrated on July 26, 1988, by Archbishop Pio Laghi, with Archbishop John Roach and Archbishop James Stafford serving as co-consecrators.[8]
Chaput was the second priest of Native American ancestry to be consecrated a bishop in the United States, after Bishop Donald Pelotte. He was the first Native American to be consecrated as an ordinary bishop rather than a titular bishop.[citation needed] He chose as his episcopal motto: "As Christ Loved the Church" from Ephesians 5:25.
Archbishop of Denver
editOn February 18, 1997, Chaput was appointed by John Paul II as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Denver, replacing Archbishop James Stafford.[8][9] In 2007, Chaput delivered the commencement address at Denver's Augustine Institute. In 2008, he became the episcopal moderator of the Tekakwitha Conference.
In 2007, Chaput conducted an apostolic visitation to the Diocese of Toowoomba in Queensland, Australia, on behalf of the Congregation for Bishops. The Vatican was concerned by statements that Bishop Bill Morris had made regarding the ordination of women.[10] In May 2011, Pope Benedict XVI removed Morris as bishop of Toowoomba after he refused to resign.[11]
Chaput was one of five bishops who conducted a Vatican-ordered investigation into the Legionaries of Christ in 2009 to 2010. The investigation was prompted by sexual abuse accusations against the group's founder, Reverend Marcial Maciel, who had been removed from ministry in 2006[12][13][14]
Archbishop of Philadelphia
editOn July 19, 2011, Chaput was appointed as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia by Pope Benedict XVI.[15] He succeeded Cardinal Justin Rigali, who had reached retirement age of 75 in April 2010.[16] Chaput's strong record in handling cases of sexual abuse by priests was cited as a rationale for his appointment.[17] He was installed on September 8, 2011.
From August 17 to 19, 2011, Chaput gave catechesis at the World Youth Day 2011 in Madrid, Spain,[18] similar to the function he performed at the 2008 World Youth Day in Sydney.[19] On November 14, 2014, at a meeting of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), Chaput was elected as a delegate to the 2015 Synod of Bishops on the Family pending Vatican approval.[20] Though Chaput led a historically important see and his five immediate predecessors were cardinals, Benedict XVI did not appoint him a cardinal in his two 2012 consistories, nor did Pope Francis in any of his.[21][22]
Pope Francis accepted Chaput's letter of resignation as archbishop of Philadelphia on January 23, 2020.[23]
Views
editPolitics
editIn his book Render unto Caesar: Serving the Nation by Living Our Catholic Beliefs in Political Life, Chaput exhorts Catholics to take a "more active, vocal, and morally consistent role" in the political process, arguing that private convictions cannot be separated from public actions without diminishing both. Rather than asking citizens to put aside their religious and moral beliefs for the sake of public policy, Chaput believed that American democracy depended upon a fully engaged citizenry, including religious believers, to function properly.[24]
Abortion
editChaput has stated that absolute loyalty to the Church's teachings on core, bioethical, and natural law doctrinal issues must be a higher priority for Catholics than their identity as Americans, their party affiliation and agenda and the laws of their country; Chaput also argues that for a Catholic, loyalty to God is more important than any other identity. He says that the martyrs and confessors gave witness to this importance.[25]
Regarding whether Catholic politicians who support abortion rights for women should be denied communion, Chaput has written that, while denying anyone the Eucharist is a "very grave matter" that should be used only in "extraordinary cases of public scandal", those who are "living in serious sin or who deny the teachings of the Church" should voluntarily refrain from receiving communion.[26]
The New York Times in 2004 reported that Chaput said it was sinful for Catholics to vote for Democratic US presidential nominee Senator John Kerry. He noted Kerry's views on abortion rights, among others. According to the Times, Chaput said that anyone voting for Kerry was "cooperating in evil" and needed "to go to confession". After the interview, Chaput criticized The New York Times for the way it construed his remarks. The archdiocese criticized the article as being "heavily truncated and framed" and posted a full transcript of it.[27] He stopped responding to the paper's inquiries for six years, in part because he believed the Times had misrepresented him.[28] Chaput was seen by some critics as "part of a group of bishops intent on throwing the weight of the Catholic Church into the elections".[29] In public comments, his linkage of the eucharist to the policy stances of political candidates and their supporters were seen as a politicization of moral theology.[30]
In 2009, Chaput criticized a "spirit of adulation bordering on servility" toward President Barack Obama, remarking that "in democracies, we elect public servants, not messiahs". He said that Obama tried to mask his record on abortion rights and other issues with "rosy marketing about unity, hope, and change". Chaput also dismissed the notion that Obama was given a broad mandate, saying that he was elected to "fix an economic crisis" and not to "retool American culture on the issues of marriage and the family, sexuality, bioethics, religion in public life, and abortion".[31]
Chaput in September 2016 said that the 2016 American presidential election offered Americans the "worst choice in 50 years". In his view, both Donald Trump and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton were "deeply flawed" candidates.[32]
Gun control
editFollowing the 2019 mass shootings in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, Chaput wrote that he supports background checks for purchasers of firearms, but added this comment:
Only a fool can believe that 'gun control' will solve the problem of mass violence. The people using the guns in these loathsome incidents are moral agents with twisted hearts. And the twisting is done by the culture of sexual anarchy, personal excess, political hatreds, intellectual dishonesty, and perverted freedoms that we've systematically created over the past half-century.[33]
LGBT rights
editChaput opposes same-sex marriage and questioned the upbringing of children of same-sex couples. He has said that same-sex couples cannot show children that their parents love each other in the same way that opposite-sex couples can.[34]
In 2015, Chaput supported the dismissal of Margie Winters, the director of religious education at Waldron Mercy Academy in Merion Station, Pennsylvania. Winters had married her female partner in a civil marriage ceremony in 2007. When a parent reported their marriage to Waldron, Principal Nell Stetser asked Winters to resign; when she refused, the school did not renew her contract.[35] Chaput said the school administrators had shown "character and common sense at a moment when both seem to be uncommon".[36][37][38]
On October 4, 2018, at the Synod on Young People and Vocations in Rome Chaput objected to the use of the terms "LGBT" or "LGBTQ" in church documents. He said:
"There is no such thing as an ‘LGBTQ Catholic' or a 'transgender Catholic' or even a 'heterosexual Catholic,' as if our sexual appetites defined who we are; as if these designations described discrete communities of differing but equal integrity within the real ecclesial community, the body of Jesus Christ."
Sexual abuse
editChaput has denounced what he sees as a lack of orthodoxy in the church. He accused past Catholic leaders of "ignorance, cowardice and laziness in forming young people to carry the faith into the future."[39] On March 27, 2019, in a speech to Ohio seminarians, he blamed sexual abuse in the Catholic Church on "a pattern of predatory homosexuality and a failure to weed that out from church life".[40][41][42]
Immigration reform
editChaput advocates reform of immigration laws to regularize the status of most undocumented immigrants as a moral imperative.[43]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Baldwin, Lou (July 20, 2011). "Philadelphia Welcomes Archbishop Chaput". CatholicPhilly.com. Archdiocese of Philadelphia. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e "Biography and Curriculum Vitae of Most Reverend Charles J. Chaput, OFM, D.D." Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Denver. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011.
- ^ a b c Power, Louis (March 1999). "Charles Chaput: a remarkable American Archbishop". AD2000. Vol. 12, no. 2. p. 7. Archived from the original on August 4, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ "The Coat of Arms of Archbishop of Denver Charles Chaput". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Denver. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ Palmo, Rocco (July 18, 2011). "Render Unto Chaput – Sources: Denver's Capuchin = Philadelphia's Revolution". Whispers in the Loggia. Archived from the original on September 9, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ PhillyBurbs.com: "Next Philadelphia archbishop promises changes" By James McGinnis July 20, 2011
- ^ Chaput, Charles (March 10, 2010). "Thoughts on "Roman Catholics for Obama"". First Things. Archived from the original on December 14, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ a b "Archbishop Charles Joseph Chaput [Catholic-Hierarchy]". www.catholic-hierarchy.org. Archived from the original on November 12, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2023.
- ^ Acta Apostolicae Sedis (PDF). Vol. LXXXIX. 1997. p. 202. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ "Call to ordain women". The Courier-Mail. Australia. January 4, 2007. Archived from the original on April 11, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
- ^ "Diocese of Toowoomba". Apostolic Nunciature to Australia (Press release). Canberra, Australia. May 2, 2011. Archived from the original on September 29, 2011. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
- ^ Rocco, Francis X. (April 30, 2010). "Pope meets with investigators of disgraced Legion". National Catholic Reporter. Religion News Service. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ "Apostolic visit to Legionaries of Christ to begin July 15". Catholic News Agency. July 1, 2009. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- ^ "Communiqué of the Holy See regarding the Apostolic Visitation of the Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ, 1 May 2010". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2023.
- ^ "Archbishop Charles Chaput, OFMCap, named Archbishop of Philadelphia". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia. July 19, 2011. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ Allen, Jr., John L. (July 18, 2011). "Pope taps Chaput for Philadelphia". National Catholic Reporter. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ Goodstein, Laurie (July 19, 2011). "For Philadelphia Archdiocese, a Powerful Conservative Voice". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 6, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
- ^ "Archbishop Chaput among 8 US Prelates Chosen as WYD Catechists". ZENIT News Agency. July 27, 2011. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
- ^ "Review of Archbishop Chaput's Render unto Caesar". Archived from the original on August 27, 2011. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
- ^ "US bishops elect delegates to synod: Kurtz, Chaput, DiNardo, Gomez". Archived from the original on November 16, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ O'Loughlin, Michael J. (October 9, 2016). "New cardinals signal a shift away from the U.S. culture wars". America. Archived from the original on October 10, 2016. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ Terruso, Julia (October 10, 2015). "Cardinal Chaput? Not so fast". Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on September 26, 2019. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ Streva, Virginia (January 23, 2020). "Cleveland's Bishop Nelson Perez to replace Archbishop Charles Chaput as leader of Philadelphia Catholic church". Philly Voice. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Cf. Chaput, Charles J. (2008). Render Unto Caesar: Serving the Nation by Living our Catholic Beliefs in Political Life. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-52228-1.
- ^ "CNS STORY: Archbishop Chaput: Catholic teaching trumps party loyalty on abortion". webarchive.loc.gov. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012.
- ^ Gorski, Eric (May 29, 2004). "Denver archbishop: Catholics must accept church's teachings". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on September 27, 2008. Retrieved February 26, 2006.
- ^ "All the News That's Fit to Print... Sort Of" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 24, 2004.
- ^ Neroulias, Nicole (September 24, 2010). "Denver Archbishop Chaput May Reconsider New York Times Boycott". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on August 20, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ Kirkpatrick, David D.; Goodstein, Laurie (October 12, 2004). "Group of Bishops Using Influence to Oppose Kerry". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 16, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ "Denver archbishop: Catholics must accept church's teachings | Oakland Tribune | Find Articles at BNET". findarticles.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2008. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- ^ "Denver Archbishop Warns of 'Spirit of Adulation' Surrounding Obama". Catholic News Agency. February 24, 2009. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
- ^ "US presidential election offers the worst choice in 50 years, says archbishop". The Catholic Herald. September 16, 2016. Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Rouselle, Christine (August 7, 2019). "Archbishop Chaput: Look deeper than symptoms to solve mass violence". The Catholic Herald. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ Allen, John L. (July 19, 2011). "Exclusive interview with Archbishop Charles Chaput". National Catholic Reporter. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
- ^ Desmond, Joan Frawley (July 21, 2015). "A Catholic Mother Reflects on Furor Over Philly Teacher in Same-Sex Marriage". Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
- ^ "Gay Priest Fired From Chaplain Job Asks Pope To Meet LGBT Catholics In U.S". The Huffington Post. July 20, 2015. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
- ^ "Archives - Philly.com". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
- ^ "Statement of Archbishop Charles J. Chaput, OFMCap Regarding Waldron Mercy Academy". Archdiocese of Philadelphia Office of Communications (Press release). July 13, 2015. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
- ^ Pentin, Edward (October 4, 2018). "Archbishop Chaput: 'LGBT' Should Not Be Used in Church Docs". National Catholic Register. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
- ^ Chaput, Charles (March 27, 2019). "Facing the future with hope and joy". Catholic Philly. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
- ^ White, Christopher (January 24, 2020). "Bishop Perez of Cleveland tapped to replace Chaput in Philadelphia". Crux. Archived from the original on January 23, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ O'Loughlin, Michael J. (February 24, 2019). "Despite external pressure, little talk of homosexuality at Vatican abuse summit". America. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
- ^ Chaput, Charles (February 19, 2013). "Justice, prudence and immigration reform". Catholic Philly. Archived from the original on February 24, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
External links
edit- The Archdiocese of Philadelphia website
- How to Conduct Politics as Catholics: The Denver Memorandum, Espresso (August 13, 2008)
- Review of Render Unto Caesar, The Ludwig von Mises Institute (September 2, 2008)
- 'More than able to hold her own,' girl gets boot from Catholic football league. Chaput quoted.