The coat of arms of Fiji is the heraldic device consisting of a shield divided quarterly by Cross of St. George and charged with a gold lion at the top, supported by two Fijian warriors, one on each side, and topped with a canoe as the crest. Adopted in 1908 by a Royal Warrant, it has been the coat of arms of Fiji since that year, having been retained after independence in 1970. The escutcheon from the arms is featured on the flag of Fiji.[1]
| Coat of arms of Fiji | |
|---|---|
| Versions | |
Escutcheon | |
| Armiger | Republic of Fiji |
| Adopted | 4 July 1908 |
| Crest | A Fijian Canoe with outrigger in full sail proper |
| Torse | Of the colours |
| Shield | Argent, a Cross Gules, between in the first quarter three Sugar canes couped, in the second, a Coconut palm also couped, in the third a Dove volant holding in the beak a branch of Olive, and in the fourth a bunch of Banana fruits slipped, all proper, on a chief Gules, a Lion passant guardant, holding between the forepaws a Cocoa pod proper. |
| Supporters | Dexter, a Fijian native affronty, round his waist a Tupu Sulu, holding in the exterior hand a barbed spear all proper, sinister alike native in profile holding in the exterior hand a pineapple club in bend sinister |
| Motto | Rerevaka na Kalou ka doka na Tui "Fear God and honour the King (1 Peter 2:17)" |
| Earlier version(s) | Kingdom of Fiji |
| Use | 1871-1874 |
History
editThe Kingdom of Fiji became a crown colony of the British Empire on 10 October 1874.[2] About 34 years later, the islands were accorded with their own coat of arms through a royal warrant issued on 4 July 1908.[3][4] Although its design was "intended to be British",[4] the arms did incorporate symbols of Fiji – it was eventually used on the flag of the territory. When it was granted independence on 10 October 1970, Fiji decided to retain its coat of arms from the colonial era.[5] This was partly because of its links to Seru Epenisa Cakobau, the first[6] and last King of Fiji (Fijian: Tui Viti) who relinquished control of the country to Britain.[7][8] However, the coat of arms featured on the flag was modified, which involved removing the crest, supporters, and motto, thus leaving only the escutcheon untouched. This was done in order to enlarge the shield and make it more prominent.[5] This has led to calls from several Fijian chiefs for the restoration of the full, official coat of arms to the national flag.[9]
Design
editSymbolism
editThe colors and objects on the coat of arms carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The Cross of St. George—which divides the shield quarterly—and the golden lion at the top represent the United Kingdom, the former colonial power that ruled over Fiji.[5] The cacao pod held in the lion's paw, along with the sugarcane, coconut palm and bananas occupying three of the four quadrants, represent the country's natural resources, since these are key agricultural crops in Fiji.[6][10] The bottom left quadrant contains a dove that symbolizes peace – this was utilized on the country's flag during the reign of King Cakobau,[6] whose government was the last before the commencement of British rule.[8][10]
The crest at the top depicts a takia[11]—a traditional Fijian canoe—while the supporters grasping the shield on both sides are Fijian warriors.[10] According to legend, they are twins; the older brother is clutching a spear, while the younger one holds a totokia club.[12] At the bottom is the country's motto: Fear God and honour the King (Fijian: Rerevaka na kalou ka doka na Tui).[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Fiji". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ^ Macdonald, Barrie K. "Fiji (republic, Pacific Ocean) – History". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 5 May 2014. (subscription required)
- ^ Smith, Whitney (1975). Flags through the ages and across the world. McGraw-Hill. p. 233. ISBN 9780070590939.
The shield of these flags, derived from the national coat of arms, dates from a royal warrant of 4 July 1908.
- ^ a b Briggs, Geoffrey (1974). National heraldry of the world. Viking Press. p. 42. ISBN 9780670504527.
The Coat of Arms, which was granted by Royal Warrant on 4 July 1908…
- ^ a b c Smith, Whitney. "Flag of Fiji". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 5 May 2014. (subscription required)
- ^ a b c Knowles, Heather (2011). Australia, Oceania and Antarctica. Lorenz Educational Press. p. 44. ISBN 9781429122504.
- ^ "Fiji chiefs unlikely to support a flag change". ABC Radio Australia. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 3 January 2013. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ^ a b c "Coat of Arms". High Commission of Fiji to Australia. Government of Fiji. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ^ "Members want Fiji flag changed". Fiji Times. 1 December 2005. p. 2. Archived from the original on 17 April 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2014.(subscription required)
- ^ a b c Ng, Roseline Cheong-Lum (2000). Fiji. Marshall Cavendish. p. 37. ISBN 9780761409960.
- ^ Kay, Robert F. (1993). Fiji: a travel survival kit. Lonely Planet Publications. p. 39. ISBN 9780864421777.
- ^ Vuataki, Kitione (2013). Softly Fiji. WestBow Press. p. 39. ISBN 9781449789954.