Lakeview is an unincorporated predominantly African American community in the Carrier Mills township, Saline County, Illinois, United States. Lakeview was originally called "Pond Settlement." It was named after the Cypress swampland and wetlands that surrounds the area of Carrier Mills.[1] It is one of the oldest settlements in Illinois, and holds the oldest predominantly African American cemetery in Illinois. Similar to the Maroon Communities in Louisiana, it is presumed to be the oldest community in Illinois founded by both runaway slaves and Freed men. The community is drained by the Saline River[2]
Lakeview | |
|---|---|
Map of Lakeview circa 1908. | |
| Nickname: Pond Settlement | |
Lakeview Location of Lakeview within Illinois Lakeview Lakeview (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 37°40′21″N 88°36′59″W / 37.67250°N 88.61639°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Saline |
| Founded | 1818–1820 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 618 |
Lakeview was established as a Freedmen's town by a group of African-American runaway slaves and freedmen who migrated from North Carolina shortly after the War of 1812. They arrived between 1818 and 1820. This area had been ideal for the Native Americans who had lived, hunted, fished, and farmed this region. Around 1800, however, most of the Native American families there had contracted Small Pox and were all but wiped out.[citation needed] According to one account, only 13 Native American families remained and they welcomed the freedmen with open arms.[3]
Census records indicate that the first settlers were the Allen, Blackwell, Taborn, Mitchell, Evans, Cofield, and Cole Families. These earliest Lakeview residents were mostly self-sufficient. They depended on a mixture of hunting and farming for their food. The early families had substantial land holdings in the Pre–Civil War era. It was only after the village of Morrillsville, later known as Carrier Mills, was established that some of these holdings were sold off. Whites continued to buy land around Lakeview during the remainder of the nineteenth century, resulting in the breakup of the larger land holdings.
Never a formal community or village, Lakeview covered a series of farmsteads concentrated about 3 square miles (7.8 km2); however, the focus of the settlement has always been on the church and school, along what is now Taborn Road.[4]
Lakeview had its own school and grocery store along with many homes. In 1850, a Union Church was established near Carrier Mills in Saline County. Most members were either Baptist or Methodist. An African Methodist Episcopal Church was organized at the home of Irvin Allen, who then built a one-room log church building on his property. Later they organized and built a frame structure on the M. Taylor farm. After the church burned they rebuilt and moved the church to Carrier Mills where it sits today. This congregation is now Baber Chapel AME Church. The Lakeview cemetery, founded in 1838, has become a state historical landmark. The area of Lakeview is still nearly 100% black. After the closing of the Lakeview school in the 1950s, many people moved to the east side of Carrier Mills. Descendants of Lakeview have continued to hold an annual community reunion at the cemetery on Memorial Day for decades, a tradition dating to the 19th century.[5]
Deputy Royce E. Cline was the only police officer to die in the line of duty in Saline County. He was shot and killed by a suspected bootlegger in the "pond settlement" on Friday, August 14, 1925.[6][7]
In 2022 a preliminary application for a federal historical designation district was submitted by Lakeview descendant Brendan Jennings. The Saline County Tourism Board voted to create a committee to spearhead the project. [8][9]
In 2023 the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) was awarded a $75,000 grant from the National Park Service to recognize significant African American heritage properties in southern Illinois. It was a collaborative effort between the Illinois State Historic Preservation Office, a division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the Center for Archaeological Investigations at Southern Illinois University to be used to produce National Register nominations for three resources associated with Black history in southern Illinois. Additionally, the project will amend the existing National Register nominations for the following sites including the Carrier Mills Archaeological District, to reflect the African American heritage of the Pond Settlement, also known as Lakeview. [10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Place Names of Illinois, 2008, Edward Callary, Pg. 191
- ^ "Bury Me in a Free Land": African-American Political Culture and the Settlement Movement in the Antebellum and Wartime Midwest, Rebecca Harbour, 2008
- ^ "Memories of Lakeview, Jewell Cofield, 1976
- ^ History of Saline County, 1995, Genealogy Department
- ^ http://www.dailyregister.com/article/20140528/News/140529247/?Start=1 Lakeview descendants gather near Carrier Mills Jon Sternberg photoGenerations of the Lakeview Community families reunite at the reunion at the cemetery. By Jon Sternberg, Contributing Writer Posted May. 28, 2014
- ^ "Deputy Sheriff Royce E. Cline".
- ^ More History, Mystery, and Hauntings of Southern Illinois By Bruce Cline
- ^ "Lakeview-township founded by runaway and freed slaves pre Civil War, seeks historical designation". July 10, 2022.
- ^ "Lake View community members spend Memorial Day honoring veterans and ancestors". May 29, 2023.
- ^ https://dnr.illinois.gov/press-release.27329.html [bare URL]