The president of Sinn Féin (Irish: Uachtarán Shinn Féin) is the most senior politician within the Sinn Féin political party in Ireland. Since 10 February 2018, the office has been held by Mary Lou McDonald, following the decision of Gerry Adams to stand down as leader of the party and not seek re-election again.[1] Unlike other political parties, the president of Sinn Féin does not have the power to dismiss or appoint their deputy and to dismiss or appoint parliamentary party members to front bench positions. These decisions are taken by the Ard Chomhairle (National Executive).
| President of Sinn Féin | |
|---|---|
| Inaugural holder | Edward Martyn |
| Formation | 28 November 1905 |
| Website | Mary Lou McDonald TD |
If the president is not a member of Dáil Éireann, then a TD is appointed in their place to act as the leader of the parliamentary party.
The vice president of Sinn Féin is Michelle O'Neill.[2]
Background
editAlthough Sinn Féin was founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, Griffith did not initially take the presidency. Edward Martyn, a cultural activist and playwright, was elected president at the party's first annual convention on 28 November 1905. He was succeeded in 1908 by John Sweetman. Griffith served as vice president until he was finally elected president in 1911. At the Ard Fheis of 1917, which followed the Easter Rising, Griffith stepped down in favour of Éamon de Valera.
De Valera is the only one of the fifteen leaders to date to have been head of government while serving as leader. Griffith and de Valera were elected in the 1918 general election and were involved in the creation of the First Dáil. De Valera served as President of the Dáil and Griffith served first as Minister for Home Affairs, then as Minister for Foreign Affairs, and finally, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty, as President of the Dáil. De Valera, as an anti-Treaty republican, did not sit in the Third Dáil. He resigned from both the leadership and the party in 1926, when his motion to allow elected members to sit in the Dáil was defeated at the party's Ard Fheis.[3] De Valera's successor John J. O'Kelly was one of four leaders who served for brief periods of time as Sinn Féin's party membership declined in favour of Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael.
In 1937, Margaret Buckley became the first female President of Sinn Féin. During her thirteen years as leader, she vastly improved the relations between the IRA and the party. She was succeeded by Paddy McLogan and Tomás Ó Dubhghaill who both helped rebuild party support in the aftermath of World War II. Tomás Mac Giolla became president in 1962 and served for over eight years as leader of the party. When the party split, Mac Giolla remained leader of Official Sinn Féin. Official Sinn Féin was later renamed the Workers' Party. Ruairí Ó Brádaigh was elected as the new leader of the Provisional Sinn Féin in 1970. Ó Brádaigh's presidency was shaped by relentless violence between republican and loyalist paramilitaries and the British security forces. He was one of the republican representatives which met with the British representatives in hope of ending the Troubles.
Ó Brádaigh resigned in 1983, due to dissatisfaction among party activists in Northern Ireland. Vice President Gerry Adams became the fourteenth President of the party in 1983. He became the longest serving president in the party's history. During his presidency, the IRA declared a ceasefire and the Good Friday Agreement was signed. Party support rose as Sinn Féin became the largest nationalist party in Northern Ireland. In 2011, Gerry Adams left the Northern Ireland Assembly and won a seat in Dáil Éireann. He is the first president since 1926 to also sit in Dáil Éireann.
Presidents
edit1905–1926
edit| No. | Name (Birth–death) |
Portrait | Term of office | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Edward Martyn (1859–1923) |
1905 | 1908[4] | ||
| 2 | John Sweetman (1844–1936) |
1908 | 1911[4] | ||
| 3 | Arthur Griffith (1872–1922) |
1911 | 1917[4] | President of Dáil Éireann (1922) | |
| 4 | Éamon de Valera (1882–1975) |
1917 | 1926[5] | President of Dáil Éireann/President of the Irish Republic (1919–1922) | |
1926–present
edit| No. | Name (Birth–death) |
Portrait | Term of office | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | John J. O'Kelly (1872–1957) |
1926 | 1931 | ||
| 6 | Brian O'Higgins (1882–1963) |
1931 | 1933 | ||
| 7 | Fr. Michael O'Flanagan (1876–1942) |
1933 | 1935 | ||
| 8 | Cathal Ó Murchadha (1880–1958) |
1935 | 1937 | ||
| 9 | Margaret Buckley (1879–1962) |
1937 | 1950 | First female leader of an Irish political party | |
| 10 | Paddy McLogan (1899–1964) |
1950 | 1952 | ||
| 11 | Tomás Ó Dubhghaill (1917–1962) |
1952 | 1954 | ||
| (10) | Paddy McLogan (1899–1964) |
1954 | 1962 | ||
| 12 | Tomás Mac Giolla (1924–2010) |
1962 | 1970 | Leader of Official Sinn Féin (later the Workers' Party) (1970–1988) | |
| 13 | Ruairí Ó Brádaigh (1932–2013) |
1970 | 1983 | Leader of Republican Sinn Féin (1986–2009) | |
| 14 | Gerry Adams (born 1948) |
1983 | 2018 | ||
| 15 | Mary Lou McDonald (born 1969) |
2018 | Incumbent | First female Leader of the Opposition | |
Vice presidents
editUnlike other political party leaders, the president of Sinn Féin does not have the power to appoint or dismiss their deputy. The position is elected by members of the party at the Ardfheis. The vice-president has a seat on the Ard Chomhairle (National Executive) Officer Board.
1905–1983
edit| President | Vice-president (Birth–death) |
Portrait | Took office | Left office | Vice-president (Birth–death) |
Portrait | Took office | Left office | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edward Martyn | Arthur Griffith (1872–1922) |
1905 | 1911[4] | John Sweetman (1844–1936) |
1905 | 1908[4] | |||||
| Bulmer Hobson (1883–1969) |
1908 | 1910[4] | |||||||||
| Thomas Kelly (1868–1942) |
1910 | Unknown[4] | |||||||||
| Arthur Griffith | Jennie Wyse Power (1858–1941) |
1911 | Unknown[4] | ||||||||
| Éamon de Valera | Fr. Michael O'Flanagan (1876–1942) |
1917 | 1923 | Arthur Griffith (1872–1922) |
1917 | 1922 | |||||
| Kathleen Lynn (1874–1955) |
1923 | 1927 | P. J. Ruttledge (1892–1952) |
1923 | 1926 | ||||||
| John J. O'Kelly | Mary MacSwiney (1872–1942) |
1927 | Unknown | John Madden (died 1954) |
Unknown | ||||||
| Brian O'Higgins | Unknown | ||||||||||
| Fr. Michael O'Flanagan | Margaret Buckley (1879–1962) |
1933 | 1937 | John J. O'Kelly (1872–1957) |
1933 | 1934 | |||||
| Liam Raul (died 1945) |
1934 | 1935 | |||||||||
| Cathal Ó Murchadha | Liam Raul (died 1945) and Tom Maguire (1892–1993) |
1935 | 1937 | ||||||||
| Margaret Buckley | |||||||||||
| Seamus Mitchell | 1937 | Unknown | Padraig de Paor | 1937 | Unknown | ||||||
| Criostóir O'Neill | Unknown | Unknown | |||||||||
| Paddy McLogan | Tomás Ó Dubhghaill (1917–1962) |
1950 | 1952 | Michael Traynor (born 1917) |
1950 | 1954 | |||||
| Tomás Ó Dubhghaill | Margaret Buckley (1879–1962) |
1952 | 1960 | ||||||||
| Paddy McLogan | Tomás Ó Dubhghaill (1917–1962) |
1954 | 1962 | ||||||||
| Paddy McLogan | Tony Magan (1911–1981) |
1960 | 1962 | ||||||||
| Tomás Mac Giolla | Michael Traynor (born 1917) |
1962 | Rory O'Driscoll | 1962 | 1963 | ||||||
| Larry Grogan (1899–1979) |
1962 | 1969 | |||||||||
| Seán Caughey (–2010) |
1963 | 1965 | |||||||||
| None (1965–1966) | |||||||||||
| Joe Clarke (1882–1976) |
1966 | 1972 | |||||||||
| Cathal Goulding (1922–1998) |
1969 | 1970 | |||||||||
| Ruairí Ó Brádaigh | Larry Grogan (1899–1979) |
1970 | 1971 | ||||||||
| Dáithí Ó Conaill (1938–1991) |
1971 | 1978 | |||||||||
| Máire Drumm (1919–1976) |
1972 | 1976 | |||||||||
| Joe Cahill (1920–2004) |
1976 | 1978 | |||||||||
| Gerry Adams (born 1948) |
1978 | 1983 | |||||||||
| Dáithí Ó Conaill (1938–1991) |
1978 | 1983 | |||||||||
1983–present
editFollowing the election of Gerry Adams as the 14th President of Sinn Féin, the position of co-vice presidents was removed. Instead, a single vice-president was elected at the 1983 Ard Fheis to serve in place of the two former vice-presidents.
| President | Vice-president (Birth–death) |
Portrait | Constituency | Term of office | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gerry Adams | Phil Flynn (born 1940) |
None | 1983 | 1985 | |||
| John Joe McGirl (1921–1988) |
Councillor for Ballinamore (Leitrim County Council) |
1985 | 1988 | ||||
| Pat Doherty (born 1945) |
MLA for West Tyrone (1998–2012) MP for West Tyrone (2001–2017) |
1988 | 2009 | ||||
| Mary Lou McDonald (born 1969) |
MEP for Dublin (2004–2009) TD for Dublin Central (2011–present) |
2009 | 2018 | ||||
| Mary Lou McDonald | Michelle O'Neill (born 1977) |
MLA for Mid Ulster (2007–present) | 2018 | Incumbent | |||
Parliamentary party leaders
editLeader in Dáil Éireann
edit| Name of TD (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Constituency | Term of office | Elected (Dáil) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin (born 1953) |
Cavan–Monaghan | 26 June 1997 | 9 March 2011 | 1997 (28th) | ||
| 2002 (29th) | ||||||
| 2007 (30th) | ||||||
| Gerry Adams (born 1948) |
Louth | 9 March 2011 | 10 February 2018 | 2011 (31st) | ||
| 2016 (32nd) | ||||||
| Mary Lou McDonald (born 1969) |
Dublin Central | 10 February 2018 | Incumbent | |||
| 2020 (33rd) | ||||||
Leader in Seanad Éireann
edit| Name of Senator (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Constituency | Term of office | Elected (Seanad) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pearse Doherty (born 1977) |
Agricultural Panel | 13 September 2007 | 26 November 2010 | 2007 (23rd) | ||
| None | 26 November 2010 | 27 May 2011 | ||||
| 2011 (24th) | ||||||
| David Cullinane (born 1974) |
Labour Panel | 27 May 2011[6] | 27 February 2016 | |||
| None | 27 February 2016 | 13 May 2016 | ||||
| Rose Conway-Walsh (born 1969) |
Agricultural Panel | 13 May 2016[7] | 9 February 2020 | 2016 (25th) | ||
| None | 9 February 2020 | 29 June 2020 | ||||
| Niall Ó Donnghaile (born 1985) |
Administrative Panel | 29 June 2020[8] | Incumbent | 2020 (26th) | ||
Leader in European Parliament
edit| Name of MEP (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Constituency | Term of office | Elected (Parliament) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mary Lou McDonald (born 1969) |
Dublin | 2004 | 2009 | 2004 (6th) | ||
| Bairbre de Brún (born 1954) |
Northern Ireland | 2009 | 3 May 2012 | 2009 (7th) | ||
| None | 3 May 2012 | 12 June 2012 | ||||
| Martina Anderson (born 1962) |
Northern Ireland | 12 June 2012 | 31 January 2020 | |||
| 2014 (8th) | ||||||
| 2019 (9th) | ||||||
| Matt Carthy (born 1977) |
Midlands–North-West | 31 January 2020 | 9 February 2020 | |||
| None | 9 February 2020 | 6 March 2020 | ||||
| Chris MacManus (born 1973) |
Midlands–North-West | 6 March 2020 | Incumbent | |||
See also
editNotes
edit
References
edit- ^ "Remembering the Past: Gerry Adams elected president of Sinn Féin". An Phoblacht. 20 November 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
- ^ "McDonald proposed as SF vice president". RTÉ. 8 January 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
- ^ Laffan, Michael (1999). The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916–1923. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 441. ISBN 113942629X. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Davis, Richard (1974). Arthur Griffith and Non-Violent Sinn Fein. Dublin: Anvil Books. pp. 173–6. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ^ Laffan (1999), pp. 117, 441
- ^ "Cullinane Party Leader in Seanad". Munster Express. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ "Conway-Walsh appointed Sinn Féin leader in Seanad". MayoNews.ie. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ "Senator Niall Ó Donnghaile appointed as Sinn Féin Seanad group leader". Sinn Féin. Retrieved 7 July 2020.