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Stonne (French pronunciation: [stɔn]) is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France.
Stonne | |
|---|---|
War memorial | |
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Coat of arms | |
Location of Stonne  | |
Stonne Stonne | |
| Coordinates: 49°33′03″N 4°55′38″E / 49.5508°N 4.9272°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Ardennes |
| Arrondissement | Sedan |
| Canton | Vouziers |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | William Rebisz[1] |
Area 1 | 7.18 km2 (2.77 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | 38 |
| • Density | 5.3/km2 (14/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 08430 /08390 |
| Elevation | 189–340 m (620–1,115 ft) (avg. 338 m or 1,109 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
History
editStonne is a village, consisting of a handful of farmsteads, that was heavily contested during the German invasion of France in the Second World War. The village changed hands 17 times over the course of three days of fighting between 15 May and 17 May 1940.[citation needed]
On 13–14 May 1940, German tanks crossed the River Meuse under the command of General Heinz Guderian. The town of Stonne and the woody hills of Mont-Dieu were an area where it was possible to try to stop this German advance. On the night of 13 May, the French moved various elements to the area to attack the Germans;
- elements from the 3rd Motorized Infantry Division (DIM: Division d'Infanterie Motorisée)
- 1st battalion of the 67th Infantry Regiment
- 10th and 11th companies of the 51st Infantry Regiment
- elements of the 3rd DCr (Division Cuirassée)
- 1st company of the 45th Tank Battalion (BCC: Bataillon de Chars de Combat) (Hotchkiss H-39 cavalry tanks)
- 3rd company of the 49th Tank Battalion (BCC: Char B1bis heavy tanks)
- 2nd company of the 4th Tank Battalion (BCC: FCM-36 infantry support tanks).
They faced the 10th Panzer Division, Panzer Regiment 8, Infantry Regiment 69, Infantry Regiment "Grossdeutschland", and elements of the 43rd Assault Engineer Battalion.
The town switched sides 17 times in the course of the Battle of Stonne:
- 15 May
- 0800 German
- 0900 French
- 0930 German
- 1030 French
- 1045 German
- 1200 French
- 1730 German
- 16 May
- 0730 French
- 1700 German
- 16–17 May night
- Stonne remained unoccupied
- 17 May
- 0900 German
- 1100 French
- 1430 German
- 1500 French
- 1630 German
- 1700 French
- 1745 German
At first the French tanks were used in an infantry support and defensive role. On the morning of 16 May a counter-attack was led by the French tanks. The 3rd company of the 41st Tank Battalion (Char B1 bis tanks) went into attack without infantry support. They met Panzer Regiment 8. A single B1bis tank (Lieutenant Bilotte's "Eure") pushed into the town itself, into the German defences, and then withdrew after attacking two German columns and reportedly destroying two Panzer IV tanks, 11 Panzer IIIs and two 3.7 cm PaK 36 anti-tank guns.[3]
After 16 May, the 10th Panzer Division withdrew to be replaced by the 16th and 24th Infantry Divisions. The Infantry Regiment Grossdeutschland had already lost 570 men and 12 guns at Stonne, while the French had lost about 33 tanks and the Germans about 24 tanks. The majority of casualties suffered by Grossdeutschland regiment in the 1940 campaign were lost at Stonne.
Stonne was totally occupied only on 25 May, as pockets of resistance held out. The Germans did not clear the Mont-Dieu woods which were bypassed.
Population
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1962 | 38 | — |
| 1968 | 57 | +50.0% |
| 1975 | 41 | −28.1% |
| 1982 | 39 | −4.9% |
| 1990 | 40 | +2.6% |
| 1999 | 33 | −17.5% |
| 2008 | 45 | +36.4% |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ "World of Tanks History Section: Stonne, 1940". Tank Archives. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2023.