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Thanjavur district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Thanjavur (Tanjore).

Thanjavur district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. Its headquarters is Thanjavur (Tanjore) . The district is located in the delta of the Cauvery River and is mostly agrarian.

Thanjavur district
District
Clockwise from top left: Periya Kovil; Thanjavur Royal Palace, and Kumbeswarar Temple in Kumbakonam
Nickname: 
Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu
Coordinates: 10°47′8.16″N 79°8′24.36″E / 10.7856000°N 79.1401000°E / 10.7856000; 79.1401000
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
Municipal CorporationsThanjavur, Kumbakonam
MunicipalitiesPattukkottai, Adirampattinam
Largest cityThanjavur
HeadquartersThanjavur
Talukas
Budalur,
Kumbakonam,
Orathanadu,
Papanasam,
Pattukkottai,
Peravurani,
Thanjavur,
Thiruvaiyaru,
Thiruvidaimarudur,
Thiruvonam
Government
 • District CollectorDeepak jackob, IAS[1]
 • Superintendent of PoliceAashish Rawath, IPS[2]
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
2,405,890
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
613xxx
Telephone code0436,0435
ISO 3166 codeISO 3166-2:IN
Vehicle registrationTN-49, TN-68[3]
Websitethanjavur.nic.in

Geography

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Agriculture – especially the cultivation of rice – is the main occupation of people in Thanjavur district.
 
The Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur

The district is located at 10°05′N 79°10′E / 10.08°N 79.16°E / 10.08; 79.16 in Central Tamil Nadu bounded on the northeast by Mayiladuthurai district, on the east by Tiruvarur District, on the south by the Palk Strait of Bay of Bengal on the west by Pudukkottai District and Tiruchirappalli, small border with Cuddalore on the northeast and on the north by the river Kollidam, across which lie part of Tiruchirappalli, and Ariyalur districts.

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901928,222—    
1911978,651+0.53%
1921958,929−0.20%
1931986,308+0.28%
19411,059,583+0.72%
19511,228,360+1.49%
19611,317,920+0.71%
19711,592,998+1.91%
19811,848,132+1.50%
19912,053,760+1.06%
20012,216,138+0.76%
20112,405,890+0.82%
source:[4]
Religions in Thanjavur district (2011)[5]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 86.28%
Islam
 
 7.93%
Christianity
 
 5.57%
Other or not stated
 
 0.22%

According to the 2011 census, Thanjavur district had a population of 2,405,890 with a sex-ratio of 1,035 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 35.39% of the population lived in urban areas.[6] A total of 238,598 were under the age of six, constituting 121,949 males and 116,649 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.91% and 0.15% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.44%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[6] The district had a total of 605,363 households. There were a total of 974,079 workers, comprising 117,321 cultivators, 327,673 main agricultural labourers, 26,430 in house hold industries, 363,060 other workers, 139,595 marginal workers, 12,592 marginal cultivators, 87,688 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,770 marginal workers in household industries and 34,545 other marginal workers.[7]

Languages of Thanjavur district (2011)[8]

  Tamil (97.42%)
  Saurashtra (1.07%)
  Others (1.51%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 97.42% of the population spoke Tamil and 1.07% Saurashtra as their first language.[8]

Politics

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This section is transcluded from 16th Tamil Nadu Assembly. (edit | history)
Source:[9][10]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Thanjavur 170 Thiruvidaimarudur (SC) Go. Vi. Chezhiyan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA Chief Whip of the Government
171 Kumbakonam G. Anbazhagan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
172 Papanasam Dr. M. H. Jawahirullah Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MMK) SPA
173 Thiruvaiyaru Durai Chandrasekaran Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
174 Thanjavur T. K. G. Neelamegam Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
175 Orathanadu R. Vaithilingam ADMKTUMK NDA
176 Pattukkottai K. Annadurai Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
177 Peravurani N. Ashok Kumar Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA

Economy

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Agriculture

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Thanjavur district lies in the Kaveri delta, the most fertile region in the state.[11] The district is the main rice producing region in the state and hence known as the Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu.[12] The Kaveri River and its tributaries irrigate the district. Apart from paddy, farmers here grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu. Being an agrarian economy, industrial growth in the district is mainly confined to agro-based industries. Many rice mills and oil mills are spread over the district.[citation needed]

Tourism

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Great Living Chola Temples of Thanjavur

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Airavateswara Temple, in Darasuram, near Kumbakonam, Thanjavur district, was built by Rajaraja Chola II in the 12th century CE, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Thanjavur's Brihadisvara Temple (known also as Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyār Kōvil), built by the Cholas and now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the largest of its kind and also one of the finest examples of classical Dravidian architecture in the world. Airavateswara Temple, in Darasuram, near Kumbakonam, has also been designated part of the same UNESCO World Heritage site and forms another major tourist attraction of the district. The green paddy fields of the Kaveri river valley provide a picturesque setting for these and other important ancient monuments of the district.

Prathyangira Devi Temple is also located in the district.

Manora Fort

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The Manora Fort is situated 20 km (12 mi) away from Pattukkottai and 60 km (37 mi) from Thanjavur in the village of Mallipattinam. The fort was built by Maratha ruler Serfoji II in 1814–1815 to commemorate the successful advance of the British over Napoléon Bonaparte. Overlooking the Bay of Bengal, the fort is hexagonal structure and has eight storeys, raising to a height of 75 ft (23 m), tapering to its top. The tower is surrounded by a wall and a moat, resembling a fort. The monument looks like a pagoda, with arched windows, circular staircase and eaves separating one storey from the other.[citation needed]

Flora

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The flora of Thanjavur was studied and documented in some detail by S. A. Ganapathy for a doctoral thesis in 1992.[13]

Cultural significance

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Thanjavur is famous for the Saraswati veena (the national instrument), Thanjavur art plates, Thanjavur oil paintings and Thalaiyatti Bommai.

Notable people

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See also: List of people associated with Thanjavur district

See also

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Notes and references

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  1. ^ district Collector
  2. ^ City Superintendent of Police
  3. ^ www.tn.gov.in
  4. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  5. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  6. ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  7. ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Thanjavur district". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  8. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  9. ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners". CNBCTV18. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  10. ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners". www.indiatvnews.com. 2 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  11. ^ Nathan, K. K. (October 1995). "Assessment of Recent Droughts in Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Drought Network News. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2003.
  12. ^ "Welcome to Thanjavur (District Official Website)". District Administration of Thanjavur. Archived from the original on 3 February 2006. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
  13. ^ Ragupathy, Subramanyam (1992). Flora of Thanjavur District. Doctoral dissertation, PhD thesis. Madras, India: Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras.
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