When calling useDestructuring matching setState function for each property in an object are created.
The primary use case of useDestructuring is for simplifying forms in React.
import { useState } from "react";
import useDestructuring from "use-destructuring";
interface Person {
firstName: string;
lastName: string;
}
export const PersonForm: React.FC = () => {
const [person, setPerson] = useState<Person>({ firstName: 'John', lastName: 'Smith' });
const { firstName, lastName } = person; // Javascript object destructuring
const { setFirstName, setLastName } = useDestructuring(person, setPerson);
return (
<form>
<input type="text" value={firstName} onChange={e => setFirstName(e.target.value)} />
<input type="text" value={lastName} onChange={e => setLastName(e.target.value)} />
</form>
);
};First install use-destructuring using NPM
npm install use-destructuring
or if you are using Yarn
yarn add use-destructuring
then import it inside your React project
import useDestructuring from "use-destructuring";Although the first example can easily be implemented without using useDestructuring,
once your forms grow in complexity useDestructuring allows you to easily abstract form components in multiple ways.
import { useState } from "react";
import useDestructuring from "use-destructuring";
interface Person {
firstName: string;
lastName: string;
}
type Props = {
person: Person;
setPerson: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<Person>>;
}
export const PersonForm: React.FC<Props> = ({ person, setPerson }) => {
const { firstName, lastName } = person; // Javascript object destructuring
const { setFirstName, setLastName } = useDestructuring(person, setPerson);
return (
<Form>
<TextInput text={firstName} setText={setFirstName} />
<TextInput text={lastName} setText={setLastName} />
</Form>
);
};
type TextInputProps = {
text: string,
setText: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<string>>
}
const TextInput: React.FC<TextInputProps> = ({ text, setText }) => {
return (<input type="text" value={text} onChange={e => setText(e.target.value)} />);
};The PersonForm itself can easily become a reusable component that lets you freely move the Person state among its parent components.
At the same time, it allows the implementation of form fields that need not know about the structure of the Person object.
useDestructuring also supports destructuring of arrays.
For example, our Person object from before might contain a list of telephone numbers.
Simply extend the PersonForm like you would any other property.
In this example the list of phone numbers is handled in a separate component.
interface Person {
firstName: string;
lastName: string;
phoneNumbers: string[];
}
export const PersonForm: React.FC<Props> = ({ person, setPerson }) => {
const { firstName, lastName, phoneNumbers } = person;
const { setFirstName, setLastName, setPhoneNumbers } = useDestructuring(person, setPerson);
return (
<Form>
<TextInput text={firstName} setText={setFirstName} />
<TextInput text={lastName} setText={setLastName} />
<PhoneNumbersInput phoneNumbers={phoneNumbers} setPhoneNumbers={setPhoneNumbers} />
</Form>
);
};In the PhoneNumbersInput component call useDestructuring to get a list of tuples destructuredPhoneNumbers
in which each tuple contains one entry of [phoneNumber, setPhoneNumber, removePhoneNumber].
The first value is just the value in the phoneNumbers[i] array itself, the second is a SetState function
that overwrites that array element at index i and the third removes the element at position i from the array.
type Props = {
phoneNumbers: string[];
setPhoneNumbers: React.Dispatch<React.SetState<string[]>>;
}
export const PhoneNumbersInput: React.FC<Props> = ({ phoneNumbers, setPhoneNumbers }) => {
const destructuredPhoneNumbers = useDestructuring(phoneNumbers, setPhoneNumbers);
return (
<fieldset>
{ destructuredPhoneNumbers.map(([phoneNumber, setPhoneNumber, removePhoneNumber]) => (
<span key={phoneNumber}>
<TextInput text={phoneNumber} setPhoneNumber={setPhoneNumber} >
<button type="button" onClick={() => removePhoneNumber()}>X</button>
</span>
)) }
<button type="button" onClick={
() => setPhoneNumbers(oldPhoneNumbers => [...oldPhoneNumbers, '+01234567'])
}>Add New Telephone Number</button>
</fieldset>
);
}To add additional phone numbers to the list of existing phone numbers, you can just use the setPhoneNumbers function which is already present.
Per default React will rerender the entire form and ALL its child components if some property of the form component state is changed.
To only rerender components which have their props changed React components can be wrapped in React.memo calls.
To support the usage of React.memo, useDestructuring saves all its produced setter functions so that they do not change from one rerender to the next, much like useState (but not exactly).
That means that in the ideal scenario only the leaf component that is edited and all its parents up until the component that holds the form state are rerendered.
Rerender counts can be reduced further by implementing a debounce in leaf fields that do not immidiately call setState (e.g. wait while the user is typing).