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Backgammon, ca 100BC (from Ephesus Museum)
Table of the Roman board game Ludus duodecim scriptorum (backgammon), c. 100 BC, Ephesus Museum, Turkey. A later refinement of this game was called tabula.
Merchant Ambassador Classic Backgammon Game
Backgammon is one of the oldest games still actively played today, alongside other ancient games such as Go and Chess. Precursors of backgammon such as the ancient Roman game "Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum" (translated as Twelve-lined Game) date back to as early as 3000 BC. Another Roman-linked backgammon ancestor was the game called "Duodecum Scripta et Tabulae" or "Tables" for short. The Roman emperor Claudius was an avid player, and would play on the back of his chariot during long journeys. The word backgammon first appeared in print in 1645, with most historians agreeing it stems from the Middle English baec = back and gamen = game. The game grew in popularity all over the world, while enduring constant battles with authorities and the church who wanted it banned due to its gambling eleme